# Denmark Strait 2000 Year Multiproxy Sediment Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # # Online_Resource: http://hurricane.ncdc.noaa.gov/pls/paleox/f?p=519:1:::::P1_STUDY_ID:16398 # # Original_Source_URL: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/andrews2014/andrews2014xrd-k7.txt # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Paleoceanography #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2014-04-07 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Denmark Strait 2000 Year Multiproxy Sediment Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Andrews, J.T.; Jennings, A.E. #-------------------- # Description_and_Notes # Description: High resolution geochemical data from sediment cores in the Denmark Strait, North Atlantic # covering the past ~2,000 years. Data are from figures from Andrews and Jennings 2014, as follows: # Figure 5 JM96-1210 Nansen Fjord # Figure 6A: BS1191-K7 Kangerlussuaq Fjord # Figure 6B: BS1191-K8 Kangerlussuaq Fjord # Figure 7: Sediment sources at site HU93030-019B/MD99-2322 Kangerlussuaq Trough. # Figure 8: Calcite and quartz wt% data for BS1191-K7 HU93030-019B/MD99-2322Kangerlussuaq Trough # Figure 9: calcite and quartz data for North Iceland sites MD99-2263, MD99-2269 and B997-316PC # Figure 10: Calcite and quartz data at 30-yr intervals for MD99-2269 and MD99-2322 # All X-ray diffraction data for HU93030-019B and MD99-2322. # # # Table 1. Core Locations # Abbreviations: BC:Box core GC or GKC:Gravity core PC:Piston core SGC:short gravity core # # Core type Length cm Long. Lat Water depth Pb210 SAR Sampling # 2 cal ka BP meters mm/yr resolution # E GREENLAND # JM96-1210 GC 240 -29.60 68.20 452 yes 1 10 yr # BS1191-K14 GC > 162 -29.60 68.19 459 no 1.2 # BS1191-K7 GC >241 -32.10 68.26 862 3.2 ~15 yr # BS1191-K8 GC >234 -31.86 68.13 872 2.6 15 yr # MD99-2322 PC 230 -30.9 66.8 714 no 1.56 17 yr # HU93-019B BC 48.5 cm -30.80 67.10 713 yes 1.94 5 yr # PO175GKC#9 GKC 20 -32.00 66.20 313 yes 0.63 16 yr # NW/N ICELAND # B997-316 PC & SGC 269 & 20 -18.80 66.70 658 no 2.47 20 yr # MD99-2269 PC 410 -20.85 66.63 365 no 2.03 20 yr # MD99-2263 BC 45.5 -24.20 66.70 235 yes # SW ICELAND # B997-347 PC 34 -24.2 63.2 321 no 0.17 100 yr # MD99-2258 BC 24 -24.4 64 355 yes 0.62 15 yr # # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: J.T. Andrews and A.E. Jennings # Published_Date_or_Year: 2014-02-14 # Published_Title: Multidecadal to millennial marine climate oscillations across the Denmark Strait (~ 66° N) over the last 2000 cal yr BP # Journal_Name: Climate of the Past # Volume: 10 # Edition: # Issue: 1 # Pages: 325-343 # DOI: 10.5194/cp-10-325-2014 # Online_Resource: http://www.clim-past.net/10/325/2014/cp-10-325-2014.html # Full_Citation: # Abstract: In the area of Denmark Strait (~66° N), the two modes of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Arctic Oscillation (AO) are expressed in changes of the northward flux of Atlantic water and the southward advection of polar water in the East Iceland current. Proxies from marine cores along an environmental gradient from extensive to little or no drift ice, capture low frequency variations over the last 2000 cal yr BP. Key proxies are the weight% of calcite, a measure of surface water stratification and nutrient supply, the weight% of quartz, a measure of drift ice transport, and grain size. Records from Nansen and Kangerlussuaq fjords show variable ice-rafted debris (IRD) records but have distinct mineralogy associated with differences in the fjord catchment bedrock. A comparison between cores on either side of the Denmark Strait (MD99-2322 and MD99-2269) show a remarkable millennial-scale similarity in the trends of the weight% of calcite with a trough reached during the Little Ice Age. However, the quartz records from these two sites are quite different. The calcite records from the Denmark Strait parallel the 2000 yr Arctic summer-temperature reconstructions; analysis of the detrended calcite and quartz data reveal significant multi-decadal-century periodicities superimposed on a major environmental shift occurring ca. 1450 AD. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: NSF-OCE-0823535, ANS-1107761 #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: BS1191-K7 # Location: Ocean>Atlantic Ocean>North Atlantic Ocean # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: 68.26 # Southernmost_Latitude: 68.26 # Easternmost_Longitude: -32.10 # Westernmost_Longitude: -31.10 # Elevation: -862 m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: BS1191-K7XRD # Earliest_Year: 1189 # Most_Recent_Year: 1981 # Time_Unit: AD # Core_Length: m # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology: # # Table 2. Radiocarbon dates. # Core Id Depth cm 14C date error From to Median cal BP sigma # JM96-1210GGC 49 785 15 486 374 438 20 # JM96-1210GGC 149.5 1275 15 893 756 821 37 # JM96-1210GGC 332 3050 80 3051 2685 2833 94 # BS1191-K14 50 855 60 521 305 436 58 # BS1191-K14 115.5 1440 70 1107 771 938 82 # BS1191K7 262.5 1310 60 920 680 805 64 # BS1191-K8 107.5 1155 56 768 550 664 53 # BS1191-K8 226 1391 55 1008 745 881 64 # HU93030-019B 55.5 835 20 489 359 436 32 # MD99-2322 2.3 675 30 359 145 273 42 # MD99-2322 34 693 38 413 148 290 51 # MD99-2322 101.5 1267 44 875 670 758 54 # MD99-2322 150 1627 46 1254 1021 1137 59 # MD99-2322 232.5 2415 20 2081 1908 1987 42 # MD99-2263 7 595 15 288 145 253 37 # MD99-2263 10 600 15 294 146 257 34 # MD99-2263 25 850 15 514 445 482 17 # MD99-2263 38.5 1620 15 1253 1127 1192 32 # MD99-2263 45 2165 15 1824 1690 1759 35 # MD99-2269 1 72 37 55 10 36 11 # MD99-2269 42.5 680 30 413 257 328 41 # MD99-2269 131 1010 30 646 530 589 31 # MD99-2269 177.5 1226 25 858 688 762 41 # MD99-2269 265.5 1693 42 1334 1159 1250 43 # MD99-2269 412 2396 47 2150 1890 2028 67 # B997-316 18.5 402 38 121 44 38 # B997-316 41.75 755 35 471 305 396 46 # B997-316 118 1020 40 660 525 595 36 # B997-316 219.25 1090 90 830 505 655 81 # B997-316 249.5 1550 120 1342 862 1102 121 # MD99-2258 27.5 725 15 429 301 367 35 # MD99-2258 31.25 1937 36 1587 1380 1482 52 # MD99-2258 70.5 3180 20 3068 2877 2975 48 # B997-347 3 770 65 504 285 403 61 # B997-347 61 3110 45 3020 2760 2886 66 # # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## age_AD Age, , , AD, , , , ## depth_cm Depth (cm), , , cm, , , , ## quartz% Quartz weight percent, , , , , , , ,N ## feldsparOM% ordered Microcline feldspar, , , , , , , ,N ## feldsparIM% intermediate Microcline feldspar, , , , , , , ,N ## feldsparOr% Orthoclase feldspar, , , , , , , ,N ## feldsparAnc% Anorthoclase feldspar, , , , , , , ,N ## feldsparAl% Albite feldspar (Cleavelandite), , , , , , , ,N ## feldsparOl% Oligoclase feldspar (Norway), , , , , , , ,N ## feldsparLa% Labradorite feldspar, , , , , , , ,N ## feldsparBy% Bytownite feldspar, , , , , , , ,N ## feldsparAnt% Anorthite feldspar, , , , , , , ,N ## calcite% Calcite, , , , , , , ,N ## dolo Total dolomite, , , , , , , ,N ## doloFe% Fe-Dolomite, , , , , , , ,N ## siderite% Siderite, , , , , , , ,N ## halite% Halite, , , , , , , ,N ## amphibole% Amphibole (ferrotschermakite), , , , , , , ,N ## pyroxene% Pyroxene (diopside), , , , , , , ,N ## pyrite% Pyrite, , , , , , , ,N ## magnetite% Magnetite, , , , , , , ,N ## hematite% Hematite, , , , , , , ,N ## maghemite% Maghemite, , , , , , , ,N ## diatoms diatoms, , , , , , , ,N ## chert% Chert (8.4 nm), , , , , , , ,N ## kaolinite% Kaolinite (Dry Branch), , , , , , , ,N ## saponite% Saponite, , , , , , , ,N ## smectiteFe% Ferruginous smectite, , , , , , , ,N ## illite1Md% 1Md illite (+ dioct mica & smectite), , , , , , , ,N ## illite1M88% 1M Illite (R>2; 88%I), , , , , , , ,N ## illite1M70% 1M illite (R>1, 70-80%I), , , , , , , ,N ## biotite% Biotite (1M), , , , , , , ,N ## chloriteFe% Fe-Chlorite (Tusc), , , , , , , ,N ## muscovite% Muscovite (2M1), , , , , , , ,N ## illite1MPD3B% Illite (1M, PD3B), , , , , , , ,N ## axis1 Axis 1, , , , , , , ,N ## axis2 Axis 2, , , , , , , ,N ## axis3 Axis 3, , , , , , , ,N # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age_AD depth_cm quartz% feldsparOM% feldsparIM% feldsparOr% feldsparAnc% feldsparAl% feldsparOl% feldsparLa% feldsparBy% feldsparAnt% calcite% dolo doloFe% siderite% halite% amphibole% pyroxene% pyrite% magnetite% hematite% maghemite% diatoms chert% kaolinite% saponite% smectiteFe% illite1Md% illite1M88% illite1M70% biotite% chloriteFe% muscovite% illite1MPD3B% axis1 axis2 axis3 1981 3 9.1 5.6 2.7 0 14.7 10.1 6.2 10 2.7 0.4 0.3 0 0.4 0.5 0.4 3.2 4.4 0.2 0.5 0.1 2.2 3.8 5 0 6.7 0 0 0.5 4.3 2.6 2.9 0 0.9 0.173 0.012 -0.195 1964 8 10.4 3.6 3.7 0 18.1 9.5 7.5 6.7 1.9 0.4 0.1 0 0.1 0.4 0.3 2.5 4 0.2 0 0.1 2.7 1.6 5.3 0.5 8 0.3 0 0 3.9 4.4 4 0 0 0.128 0.222 0.048 1947 13 8.9 5 4.4 0 13.6 11.2 8.6 7.7 2.1 0 0.1 0 0.2 0.3 0.6 2.1 3.9 0.3 0.3 0 2.9 2.8 5.9 0 6.3 0.1 0 1.4 2.8 4.3 4.1 0 0 0.285 0.178 0.258 1930 18 9.3 5.5 3 0 14.7 9.7 7.5 11.6 0.1 0 0 0 0.3 0.5 0.4 2.6 4.1 0.2 0.4 0 3.1 1.4 5.3 0 9 0 0 0.9 3.5 2.3 4.9 0 0 -0.055 0.547 -0.122 1913 23 10.7 2.5 3.2 0 16.6 7.1 8.5 9.4 3.1 0 0.2 0 0.2 0.7 0 3.4 6.9 0.3 0.2 0.1 4.9 0.4 3.2 0 9.8 0 0 0 3 3.7 2 0 0 -0.407 0.189 -0.33 1893 29 10 4.9 3.6 0 13.6 10.6 8.1 8.3 2.4 0 0.1 0 0.1 0.3 0.6 2.8 4 0.2 0.3 0 3.5 2.3 6.5 0 7.3 1 0 0.7 2.7 3.3 2.2 0 0.7 0.223 0.093 -0.069 1869 36 6.8 3.1 3.6 0 18.8 7.8 8 7.3 1.9 0.4 0.4 0 0.2 0.7 0.1 2.2 4 0.2 0.3 0.1 3.5 1.5 7 0 8.4 0.1 0 0.3 4.7 4.9 4.1 0 0 0.237 0.162 0.032 1828 48 7.6 3 4.1 0 16.1 7.9 8 9.5 1.3 0.6 0.3 0 0.4 0.8 0.4 3.5 4.6 0.2 0.5 0 4.3 1.6 5.8 0 8.1 0.2 0 0 4 4.2 3 0 0 0.071 0.037 -0.204 1815 52 17.2 3.7 2.4 0 18.3 3.8 11.9 9.3 3.9 1 0.3 0 0.4 0.4 0.2 3.2 7.9 0.3 0.5 0 4.6 0 4.5 0 2.8 0 0 0 1 0.9 0.9 0.5 0 -0.956 0.043 -0.375 1781 62 10.8 4.3 4.4 0 13 9.2 9 9.3 1.8 0.2 0 0 0.1 0.1 0.5 2.4 4.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 2.1 2.6 5 0.4 6.5 0 0 1.7 3.6 4.2 4.1 0 0 0.14 0.104 0.367 1747 72 10.2 5.1 3.3 0 15.1 9.1 8.5 7.5 2.7 0.9 0 0 0.2 0.5 0.2 2.2 4.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 3.4 1.1 4.5 0 8.7 0 0 0.2 4.4 3.3 4.1 0 0 0.057 0.156 -0.027 1730 77 9.8 3.3 4.7 0 17.4 8.9 8.4 8.3 0.8 0 0.3 0 0 0.7 0.4 2.7 3.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 2.8 3.4 4.5 0 7.2 0.7 0 0.8 3.9 4.7 2.1 0 0.2 0.217 0.15 0.069 1713 82 9.8 4 2.9 0 19.4 8.9 7.4 7.4 0.8 0 0.1 0 0.3 0.8 1.3 3.5 3.9 0.2 0 0 5.4 1 5.4 0 8.1 0.8 0.3 0 3.3 1.9 2.9 0 0 -0.077 0.403 -0.588 1696 87 9.2 3.6 3.8 0 17.8 10.9 5.9 8.2 2.3 0 0.3 0 0.3 0.5 0.3 2.4 3.8 0.2 0.2 0.1 2.9 1.8 4.4 0 8 0.1 0 0 4.8 4.4 4 0 0 0.138 0.32 -0.063 1679 92 9.1 3.8 4.9 0 16.4 9.8 10.6 6.7 1.2 0.7 0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.5 2.1 2.9 0.3 0.2 0 2.2 0 6.8 0.1 7 0 0 0.6 4.8 4.8 3.4 0 0 0.072 0.335 0.457 1662 97 7.9 3 4.3 0 14.6 7 9.6 7.2 4 1.2 0.3 0.1 0 0.6 0.9 2.6 5 0.3 0.6 0.4 1.1 3 4.1 0 8.7 0 0 0.7 3.8 6.1 2.9 0 0 0.367 -0.436 0.205 1645 102 9.1 3.4 4.1 0 21.8 10.4 5.3 7 0.6 1.2 0.2 0 0.4 0.8 0.6 2 3.4 0.3 0.2 0 3.5 1.2 4.8 0 7.8 0.2 0 0 6 4.1 1.7 0 0 0.328 0.3 -0.088 1624 108 13.5 3.9 4.4 0 15.7 8.7 11 6.4 2.4 0.1 0.1 0 0.3 0.6 0.2 2.7 3.6 0.1 0.3 0.2 2.5 1.2 6.1 0 4.9 0 0 1.1 2.9 4.1 2.9 0 0.1 0.013 0.168 0.325 1604 114 17.9 1.9 4.1 0 15.6 4.1 15.6 9.4 4.1 0.7 0.4 0 0.3 0.6 0 2.8 6.3 0.3 0.6 0.2 2 0 5 0 2.5 0.2 0 0 1.2 3.2 1 0.1 0 -0.728 -0.203 0.193 1574 123 11.5 4.5 3.6 0 17.7 10.3 6.3 7.4 1.1 0 0 0 0.3 0.8 0.1 2.5 3.2 0.3 0 0.2 3.8 2.5 4.4 0 7.2 0 0 0 4.7 4.2 3.1 0 0 0.106 0.456 -0.089 1557 128 9.7 3.5 3.6 0 14.8 7.7 9.7 7.8 1.5 1.6 0.2 0 0.2 0.7 0.2 2.7 4.3 0.2 0.1 0 3.4 1.6 3.8 0 10.4 0.5 0 0 3.4 4.6 3.7 0 0 0.094 -0.07 -0.14 1522 138 8.4 4.4 3.9 0 18.1 8.1 8.1 7 1.5 1.8 0.3 0 0.3 0.5 0.5 2.2 3.7 0.2 0.4 0 3.1 2.1 6.6 0 5.5 1.2 0 4 0 5 3 0 0 0.421 -0.218 0.177 1505 143 8.8 4 3 0 15.5 7.1 9.4 8.9 2.7 0 0 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.1 2.4 5.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 3.5 1.7 6.3 0 9.8 0.9 0 0.4 3.2 2.9 2.6 0 0 0.097 0.013 -0.213 1483 150 16.9 1.2 3.5 0 18.8 5.8 10.3 7.1 0 2.2 0.6 0 0.2 0.9 0 3.2 6.9 0.2 0.9 0.1 4.3 2.2 3.2 0 5 0.3 0 0 2.5 3.3 0 0 0 -0.31 -0.059 -0.332 1467 154 15.1 3.1 3.5 0 14.6 4.6 12.6 9.3 2.2 0.7 0.2 0 0 0.5 0.1 2.9 6.6 0.4 1.2 0.2 4.5 1.3 7.1 0 4.2 0.3 0 0.4 1.6 3 0 0 0 -0.281 -0.209 -0.054 1444 161 18 2.1 3.6 0 15.6 5 13.4 11.1 2.6 2.3 0.3 0 0.6 1.2 0 3.1 6.1 0.2 0.4 0.1 3.2 0.3 3.5 0 1.6 0 0 0.2 0.8 3.4 1.1 0.1 0.1 -0.71 -0.228 0.113 1428 166 22.4 2.8 3.7 0 13.1 3.6 17.5 9.4 4.1 0.9 0.3 0 0.2 0.4 0 3.1 6.3 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.9 3.5 0 0.4 0.1 0 0.4 0.9 4.1 0.3 0.1 0 -0.845 -0.52 0.611 1393 176 5.6 0.9 4.2 0 18.7 6.3 6.1 8 2.5 2.3 0.3 0 0.2 1.1 0.5 2.8 6 0.3 0.3 0 6.1 0.9 4.1 0 12.6 0.1 0 0 3.1 5.5 1.7 0 0 0.106 -0.12 -0.353 1376 181 6.6 0.9 4.3 0 14.8 5.6 8.8 9.5 3.9 0 0.3 0 0.3 0.7 3.5 3.5 5.9 0.2 0.7 0.2 2.3 3.9 3.7 0 9.2 1.6 0 0.2 1.6 4.8 1.9 0 1.2 0.229 -0.614 -0.328 1359 186 7.4 2.8 4.4 0 15.2 4.9 11.7 8.5 2.2 0.4 0.1 0 0 0.6 0.3 3 5.5 0.3 0.6 0.3 2.2 1.6 4.1 0.3 9.8 1.3 0.4 0.9 2.5 6.2 2.3 0 0 0.248 -0.425 -0.067 1342 191 6.9 2.5 3.3 0 13.5 5.6 10.3 8.2 4.6 1.3 0.2 0 0.4 0.2 1.4 2.7 5.5 0.2 0.8 0.2 2 2.2 3.7 0.3 10.3 1.5 0 0.1 3.3 7 1.9 0 0 0.444 -0.726 -0.119 1325 196 7.6 2.7 3.9 0 16.2 7 7.7 8.9 3 0.2 0.3 0 0.3 0.4 1.2 2.7 4.7 0.2 0.2 0.1 3.4 2.2 5.7 0 8.5 1.1 0 2.8 0 5.6 3.4 0 0 0.274 -0.283 0.02 1308 201 8.2 4.5 3.1 0 17.8 9.6 7.5 10.2 0.3 0.7 0.3 0 0 0.1 0.5 1.4 4 0.2 0.1 0 3.8 0 10 0.4 6.5 0 0 2.2 2 4.8 1.9 0 0 0.013 0.652 0.359 1291 206 13.4 4.2 4.7 0 15.7 8.1 10.2 7.6 1.3 0.6 0.2 0 0 0.5 0.4 2.3 3.9 0.2 0.5 0 2.7 0.7 3.6 0.5 4.9 0.3 0 0.1 4.6 6.3 2.5 0 0 0.075 0.013 0.292 1257 216 10 4.3 3.9 0 18 7.8 8.4 7 1.8 1.2 0.1 0 0.4 0.6 0.1 2.4 4.1 0.3 0.4 0.1 3.5 1.7 3 0 7.3 0.4 0 2.2 2.1 5.7 3.1 0.1 0 0.357 -0.206 0.075 1235 223 13.1 2.2 3.7 0 16.1 4 11.9 10.8 5.3 0 0.3 0 0.4 0.6 0.4 2.8 6.9 0.3 0.6 0.1 3.6 0.1 4.7 0 5.2 0 0 0 1.9 4.1 0.7 0 0 -0.606 -0.022 -0.026 1218 228 7.9 3.4 4.1 0 17.9 8 8.3 7.1 1.4 0.5 0.3 0 0 0.5 1.2 2.1 4.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 3.4 2.5 6.2 0 7.6 0.5 0 0.7 2.7 5.9 2.6 0 0 0.465 -0.106 0.049 1206 231 12 2.1 4.9 0 14.1 4.9 12.2 10.8 3.7 1.6 0.8 0 0.3 0.6 0.3 2.7 7.9 0.3 0.7 0.3 3.7 0.5 4.7 0 4.9 1.1 0 0.3 0.6 3.8 0.1 0.3 0 -0.14 -0.629 -0.005 1189 236 10.4 3.9 3.4 0 18.2 8.8 9 7.8 0.4 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.5 0 3.1 4.2 0.1 0.1 0 3.6 0 5.8 0 6.9 0 0 1.2 3.3 4.8 3.6 0 0 -0.261 0.521 0.137