Eastern Pacific Warm Pool ODP1242 Paleosalinity Data ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE CONTRIBUTORS WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Eastern Pacific Warm Pool ODP1242 Paleosalinity Data LAST UPDATE: 8/2006 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTOR: Heather Benway, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2006-081 SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: Benway, H.M., et al. 2006. Eastern Pacific Warm Pool ODP1242 Paleosalinity Data. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2006-081. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Benway, H.M., A.C. Mix, B.A. Haley, and G.P. Klinkhammer. 2006. Eastern Pacific Warm Pool paleosalinity and climate variability: 0–30 kyr. Paleoceanography, Vol. 21, PA3008, 10.1029/2005PA001208, 2006 ABSTRACT: Multiproxy geologic records of d18O and Mg/Ca in fossil foraminifera from sediments under the Eastern Pacific Warm Pool (EPWP) region west of Central America document variations in upper ocean temperature, pycnocline strength, and salinity (i.e., net precipitation) over the past 30 kyr. Although evident in the paleotemperature record, there is no glacial-interglacial difference in paleosalinity, suggesting that tropical hydrologic changes do not respond passively to high-latitude ice sheets and oceans. Millennial variations in paleosalinity with amplitudes as high as ~4 practical salinity units occur with a dominant period of ~3-5 ky during the glacial/deglacial interval and ~1.0-1.5 ky during the Holocene. The amplitude of the EPWP paleosalinity changes greatly exceeds that of published Caribbean and western tropical Pacific paleosalinity records. EPWP paleosalinity changes correspond to millennial-scale climate changes in the surface and deep Atlantic and the high northern latitudes, with generally higher (lower) paleosalinity during cold (warm) events. In addition to Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) dynamics, which play an important role in tropical hydrologic variability, changes in Atlantic-Pacific moisture transport, which is closely linked to ITCZ dynamics, may also contribute to hydrologic variations in the EPWP. Calculations of interbasin salinity average and interbasin salinity contrast between the EPWP and the Caribbean help differentiate long-term changes in mean ITCZ position and Atlantic-Pacific moisture transport, respectively. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Eastern Pacific PERIOD OF RECORD: 30 KyrBP - present FUNDING SOURCE: U.S. National Science Foundation. DESCRIPTION: Sediment cores ME0005A-43JC (7 deg. 51.350N, 83 deg. 36.500W, 1368 m) and Ocean Drilling Program (ODP)Site 1242 (7 deg. 51.350N, 83 deg. 36.420W, 1364 m) provide well-preserved replicate records sampled at ~200 year intervals over the past 30,000 years. Radiocarbon chronologies are expressed as calendar ages between 0 and 20 ka, and correlation of stable isotope records to other well-dated records extends age control to 30 ka. Sedimentation rates are 10–12 cm ky-1, sufficient to resolve millennial-scale events in detail. Independent estimates of calcification temperature from Mg/Ca measurements of Globigerinoides ruber, based on flow-through leaching, deconvolve the temperature and water mass effects on d18Oc. Modern regional d18Osw–S relationships provide a basis for estimating paleosalinity. Over the past ~30 ky, sea level reconstructions provide reasonable corrections for the global changes in d18Osw driven by changing ice volume. Isotope measurements were made at 2–3 cm intervals in ME0005A-43JC and 4-cm intervals in ODP 1242. Mg/Ca ratios were measured on G. ruber (~10–20 specimens) collected from the same samples as those measured for stable isotopes DATA: Table 1. Age model information Part 1. AMS 14C dates for ME0005A-43JC Column 1: Core Column 2: Core depth (cm) Column 3: NOSAMS Accession # Column 4: D14C Column 5: 14C AMS age (years BP) Column 6: Error (years) Column 7: 2s range (years BP) Column 8: Calendar Age (years BP) - calibrated using Calib 5.0.1 Core Depth NOSAMS_ID Delta_C14 C14_age C14_err 2-sigma_range Cal_age ME0005A-43JC 13 OS-42066 -324.9 3,100 35 2,500-2,851 2,676 ME0005A-43JC 26 OS-42050 -462.5 4,940 35 4,860-5,249 5,055 ME0005A-43JC 91 OS-42051 -728.8 10,450 60 11,140-11,641 11,391 ME0005A-43JC 131 OS-42052 -819.9 13,700 80 15,158-15,955 15,557 ME0005A-43JC 186 OS-42053 -893.2 17,900 95 20,154-20,856 20,505 ME0005A-43JC 208 OS-42054 -908.6 19,150 110 21,793-22,452 22,123 Part 2. Calendar age model tie points Column 1: ME0005A-43JC depth (cm) Column 2: Age (ky BP) Column 3: Dating method - benthic d18O tie points to MD95-2042 (Shackleton et al., 2000) and planktonic d18O tie points to GISP2 (Grootes and Stuiver, 1997) Part 2. Calendar age model tie points 43JC_deptAge Dating_method 13 2.676 radiocarbon 26 5.055 radiocarbon 91 11.391 radiocarbon 131 15.557 radiocarbon 186 20.505 radiocarbon 208 22.123 radiocarbon 228 23.303 planktic O18 strat 238 24 planktic O18 strat 281 28.941 planktic O18 strat 286 29.14 benthic O18 strat 421 38.97 benthic O18 strat 516 45.53 benthic O18 strat 696 57.81 benthic O18 strat 736 62.74 benthic O18 strat 956 83.18 benthic O18 strat Table 2. Listing of eastern tropical Pacific core top isotope and Mg/Ca data. Column 1: Core top Latitude (deg.) (< 0 = S) Column 2: Core top Longitude (deg.) (< 0 = W) Column 3: N. dutertrei d18Oc (permil VPDB) Column 4: G. ruber d18Oc (permil VPDB) Column 5: G. ruber Mg/Ca (mmol/mol) Column 6: G. ruber Mg/Ca temperature (¡C) (using Anand et al. (2003) calibration) Lat. Long. dut_O18c ruber_O18c ruber_MgCa MgCa_temp 7.856 -83.608 -0.16 -2.87 7.317 -84.113 0.69 -2.78 4.34 27.1 5.846 -86.449 0.16 -2.3 4.31 27 4.614 -86.704 0.29 4.18 26.6 3.212 -86.486 0.21 -2.89 4.23 26.8 0.022 -86.463 1.05 -0.513 -81.995 0.45 -1.4 3.33 24.1 -1.853 -82.787 0.61 Table 3. Listing of downcore isotope and Mg/Ca data for ME0005A-43JC Column 1: Depth in core (cm) Column 2: Age (ky BP) Column 3: N. dutertrei d18Oc (permil VPDB) Column 4: G. ruber d18Oc (permil VPDB) Column 5: G. ruber Mg/Ca (mmol/mol) Column 6: G. ruber Mg/Ca temperature (C) (using Anand et al. (2003) calibration) Column 7: G. ruber seawater d18O (permil VSMOW) uncorrected for ice volume (calculated from paleotemperature equation of Thunell et al. (1999) sediment trap G. ruber, which is the same as Bemis et al. (1998) cultured O. universa high light) depth_cm age_ka dut_O18c ruber_O18c ruber_MgCa MgCa_temp ruber_O18sw 1 0.492 0.26 4.21 26.73 3 0.857 0.02 -2.47 3.87 25.77 0.065 5 1.222 -0.18 3.44 24.48 6 1.404 0.1 3.53 24.75 8 1.768 0.2 -2.51 3.89 25.85 0.041 10 2.133 0.46 4.35 27.08 11 2.315 0.18 -2.55 4.17 26.61 0.16 13 2.68 0.24 -2.76 3.69 25.24 -0.336 15 3.045 0.12 -2.46 4.73 28.01 0.541 16 3.227 0.07 -2.58 3.98 26.1 0.023 18 3.592 0.39 -2.68 4.83 28.25 0.371 20 3.956 0.25 -2.56 4.71 27.96 0.431 21 4.138 0.06 -2.86 3.57 24.89 -0.509 23 4.503 0.1 3.99 26.12 25 4.868 0.63 -2.41 4.49 27.43 0.47 26 5.05 0.18 -2.39 3.97 26.07 0.207 28 5.245 0.45 -2.65 4.08 26.36 0.007 30 5.44 0.43 -2.6 4.02 26.2 0.024 31 5.538 0.22 -2.18 4.04 26.26 0.457 33 5.733 0.35 -2.29 4.34 27.07 0.515 35 5.928 0.66 -2.38 4.2 26.68 0.344 36 6.025 0.5 -2.52 4.06 26.32 0.129 38 6.22 0.17 -2.49 4.1 26.44 0.184 40 6.416 0.46 -2.53 4.21 26.74 0.207 41 6.513 0.37 -2.54 3.84 25.69 -0.022 43 6.708 0.43 -2.15 4.15 26.56 0.549 45 6.903 0.72 -2.46 4.01 26.18 0.16 46 7.001 0.64 -2.7 4.16 26.6 0.007 48 7.196 0.6 -2.26 4.18 26.65 0.458 50 7.391 0.54 -2.35 3.7 25.3 0.087 51 7.488 0.35 -2.04 4.81 28.21 1.003 53 7.684 0.24 -2.43 3.9 25.86 0.123 55 7.879 0.55 -2.61 3.9 25.86 -0.057 56 7.976 0.37 -2.73 4.19 26.68 -0.006 58 8.171 0.74 -2.1 4.16 26.59 0.605 60 8.366 0.76 -2.24 3.96 26.03 0.349 61 8.464 0.58 -2.26 4.06 26.31 0.387 63 8.659 0.27 -2.37 3.34 24.16 -0.171 65 8.854 0.73 -1.88 3.91 25.9 0.682 66 8.952 0.61 -1.96 4.38 27.16 0.864 68 9.147 0.63 -1.97 3.99 26.11 0.635 70 9.342 0.39 -2.2 4.19 26.67 0.522 71 9.439 0.78 -2.36 4.31 26.99 0.429 73 9.634 0.4 -2 3.87 25.8 0.541 75 9.829 0.64 -2.02 4.04 26.25 0.615 76 9.927 0.64 -1.63 4.27 26.88 1.136 78 10.122 0.52 -2.28 3.91 25.89 0.28 80 10.317 0.77 -2.1 3.93 25.96 0.474 81 10.415 0.58 -1.95 3.92 25.92 0.616 83 10.61 0.43 -2.16 4.13 26.5 0.527 85 10.805 0.81 -1.84 3.69 25.24 0.584 86 10.902 0.9 -1.96 4.6 27.71 0.979 88 11.097 1.33 -1.74 3.77 25.49 0.736 90 11.292 1.07 -1.24 4.04 26.27 1.399 91 11.39 0.6 -1.28 4.12 26.5 1.407 93 11.599 0.68 -1.69 4.06 26.32 0.959 95 11.807 0.59 -1.45 3.91 25.91 1.114 96 11.911 0.9 -1.29 3.69 25.27 1.14 98 12.12 0.92 -1.37 3.76 25.48 1.104 100 12.328 0.82 -1.51 4.17 26.61 1.2 101 12.433 1.08 -1.41 4.04 26.26 1.227 103 12.641 0.97 -1.44 3.85 25.74 1.088 106 12.954 1.15 -1.63 3.91 25.9 0.932 108 13.162 0.95 111 13.475 0.83 -1.85 4.02 26.2 0.774 113 13.684 1.06 -1.66 3.83 25.66 0.852 116 13.996 0.89 -1.56 3.99 26.14 1.052 118 14.205 0.48 -1.61 3.95 26.01 0.975 121 14.518 0.48 -1.66 3.68 25.24 0.764 123 14.726 0.74 -1.37 3.9 25.88 1.187 126 15.039 0.58 -1.06 4.04 26.26 1.577 128 15.247 0.84 -1.28 3.82 25.65 1.23 131 15.56 1.46 -0.85 4.03 26.24 1.782 133 15.74 1.14 -0.77 3.16 23.53 1.297 136 16.01 1.48 -0.78 3.96 26.04 1.811 138 16.19 1.53 -0.63 3.72 25.35 1.817 141 16.46 1.34 -0.74 3.41 24.4 1.509 143 16.64 1.28 -1 3.58 24.92 1.358 146 16.91 1.33 -0.93 3.78 25.51 1.55 148 17.09 1.42 -0.79 3.61 25.01 1.586 151 17.36 1.44 -0.9 3.55 24.84 1.441 153 17.54 1.49 -0.83 3.35 24.19 1.375 156 17.81 1.53 -0.72 3.39 24.32 1.512 158 17.99 1.45 -1.06 3.42 24.4 1.189 161 18.26 1.63 -0.85 3.29 23.97 1.31 163 18.44 1.56 -1.06 166 18.71 1.47 -0.98 3.11 23.36 1.053 168 18.89 1.53 -0.71 3.13 23.44 1.339 171 19.16 1.45 -0.89 3.19 23.65 1.203 173 19.34 1.58 -0.96 3.07 23.2 1.039 176 19.61 1.44 -0.7 3.27 23.9 1.445 178 19.79 1.58 -0.87 3.32 24.09 1.315 181 20.06 1.34 -1.09 3.12 23.39 0.949 183 20.24 1.66 -0.58 186 20.51 1.67 -1.05 3.29 23.99 1.114 188 20.604 -0.89 3.09 23.27 1.124 191 20.745 1.37 -0.95 3.37 24.24 1.266 193 20.839 1.63 -0.7 196 20.981 1.54 -1.02 3.29 23.98 1.142 198 21.075 1.89 -0.88 3.22 23.75 1.234 201 21.216 1.55 -0.55 3.17 23.57 1.526 203 21.31 1.77 -0.26 3.23 23.79 1.862 206 21.796 1.54 -0.74 3.44 24.47 1.524 208 22.12 1.65 3.47 24.58 211 22.297 1.62 -0.6 3.4 24.36 1.641 213 22.415 1.59 -0.57 3.47 24.57 1.715 216 22.592 1.43 -0.44 3.48 24.6 1.851 218 22.71 1.51 -0.91 3.6 24.98 1.46 221 22.887 1.67 -1.04 3.74 25.42 1.422 223 23.005 1.46 -1.01 3.48 24.61 1.283 226 23.182 1.51 -0.91 3.81 25.6 1.589 228 23.3 1.13 -1.27 231 23.44 1.53 -0.51 3.73 25.38 1.943 233 23.533 2.06 -0.75 3.39 24.33 1.485 236 23.673 -0.64 3.57 24.89 1.711 238 23.767 1.48 -0.43 3.74 25.4 2.027 241 23.907 1.74 -0.62 3.76 25.48 1.854 243 24 1.66 -0.37 3.76 25.47 2.102 246 24.39 1.93 -0.87 3.46 24.55 1.41 248 24.65 1.89 -0.72 3.51 24.69 1.59 251 25.04 1.85 -0.69 3.37 24.26 1.53 256 25.69 1.87 -0.81 261 26.34 1.74 -1.12 266 26.99 1.71 -0.86 3.68 25.21 1.558 271 27.64 1.47 3.67 25.21 276 28.29 1.58 -1.27 3.59 24.97 1.098 Table 4. Listing of downcore isotope and Mg/Ca data for ODP Site 1242 Column 1: Depth in core (mcd) Column 2: Age (ky BP) Column 3: N. dutertrei d18Oc (permil VPDB) Column 4: G. ruber d18Oc (permil VPDB) Column 5: G. ruber Mg/Ca (mmol/mol) Column 6: G. ruber Mg/Ca temperature (C) (using Anand et al. (2003) calibration) Column 7: G. ruber seawater d18O (permil VSMOW) uncorrected for ice volume (calculated from paleotemperature equation of Thunell et al. (1999) sediment trap G. ruber, which is the same as Bemis et al. (1998) cultured O. universa high light) Depth Age dut_O18c ruber_O18c ruber_MgCa MgCa_temp ruber_O18sw 0.01 0.766 0.02 4.49 27.44 0.05 1.222 -0.16 -2.75 4.02 26.21 -0.124 0.09 1.677 0.15 -2.66 4.07 26.34 -0.007 0.13 2.133 0.23 -2.68 4.75 28.06 0.332 0.17 2.315 0.2 -2.34 0.21 2.498 -0.08 -2.37 4.55 27.58 0.542 0.25 3.154 0.22 -2.42 4.46 27.37 0.448 0.29 3.373 0.24 -2.03 3.98 26.09 0.571 0.33 3.592 0.34 -2.56 4.09 26.39 0.104 0.37 3.865 0.16 -2.49 4.52 27.52 0.409 0.41 4.138 0.05 -2.65 0.45 5.148 0.17 -2.73 4.31 26.98 0.057 0.49 5.635 0.18 -2.26 3.63 25.08 0.131 0.53 5.967 0.25 -2.66 4.19 26.66 0.06 0.57 6.279 0.38 -2.67 4.29 26.94 0.108 0.61 6.591 0.41 -2.57 4.37 27.14 0.25 0.65 6.903 0.54 -2.55 4.43 27.3 0.303 0.69 7.001 0.45 -2.62 4.08 26.37 0.04 0.73 7.684 0.22 -2.67 4.08 26.39 -0.006 0.77 7.976 0.28 -2.58 3.87 25.78 -0.043 0.81 8.171 0.22 -2.22 4.04 26.26 0.417 0.85 8.269 0.1 -2.26 4.15 26.55 0.437 0.89 8.366 0.65 -2.25 3.77 25.49 0.226 0.93 8.513 0.41 3.66 25.16 0.97 8.659 0.33 -2.36 3.68 25.21 0.058 1.01 8.727 0.02 -2.29 3.65 25.15 0.115 1.05 8.854 0.63 -2.22 3.98 26.1 0.383 1.09 9.088 0.5 -2.77 1.13 9.322 0.79 -2.36 4.05 26.3 0.285 1.17 9.508 0.63 -2.52 4.05 26.3 0.125 1.21 9.634 0.52 -2.28 4.37 27.15 0.542 1.25 9.781 0.6 -2.51 4.51 27.48 0.381 1.29 9.927 0.69 -2.27 4.17 26.62 0.442 1.33 10.122 0.5 -2.54 4.01 26.18 0.08 1.37 10.317 0.85 -2.14 3.92 25.93 0.428 1.41 10.61 0.35 -1.3 3.45 24.52 0.974 1.5 11.097 1.14 -1.25 3.59 24.97 1.118 1.54 11.37 0.72 -1.43 3.98 26.09 1.171 1.58 11.484 0.76 -1.58 3.7 25.3 0.857 1.62 11.599 0.49 -1.82 4.04 26.28 0.821 1.66 11.838 0.79 -1.7 4.1 26.44 0.974 1.7 12.088 0.83 -1.44 3.89 25.86 1.113 1.74 12.328 0.88 -1.6 4.13 26.5 1.087 1.78 12.954 1 -1.53 3.9 25.87 1.025 1.82 13.475 0.87 -1.74 4.15 26.57 0.961 1.86 13.819 0.82 -1.36 3.92 25.93 1.208 1.9 14.173 0.78 -1.57 3.66 25.16 0.837 1.94 14.518 0.97 -1.56 3.82 25.65 0.95 1.98 14.622 0.98 -1.29 3.7 25.29 1.145 2.02 14.726 0.84 -1.62 3.75 25.45 0.848 2.06 15.247 0.91 -1.46 3.49 24.65 0.841 2.1 15.404 0.88 -1.37 3.59 24.94 0.992 2.14 15.56 1.19 -0.83 3.76 25.47 1.642 2.18 15.74 1.45 -1.16 3.23 23.77 0.958 2.22 16.082 1.11 -0.88 3.95 26.02 1.707 2.26 16.244 1.21 -1.15 3.84 25.7 1.37 2.3 16.46 1.07 -0.41 3.46 24.56 1.872 2.34 16.64 1.03 -0.77 3.7 25.28 1.663 2.38 17.027 1.44 -0.68 3.48 24.61 1.613 2.42 17.423 1.33 -0.7 3.46 24.55 1.58 2.46 17.81 1.58 -0.46 3.81 25.61 2.041 2.5 18.035 1.18 -0.88 3.73 25.37 1.571 2.54 18.26 1.41 -0.39 3.76 25.46 2.08 2.58 18.35 1.54 -0.88 3.18 23.62 1.207 2.62 18.44 1.42 -0.98 3.43 24.45 1.28 2.66 18.593 1.25 -0.96 3.02 23.02 1.002 2.7 18.737 1.32 -0.67 3.21 23.72 1.437 2.74 18.89 1.57 -0.6 3.33 24.12 1.591 2.78 19.34 1.62 -1.04 3.49 24.63 1.257 2.82 19.475 1.22 -0.92 3.4 24.33 1.315 2.86 19.61 1.62 -0.88 3.32 24.09 1.305 2.9 20.06 1.31 -1.08 2.89 22.56 0.786 2.94 20.24 1.61 -0.78 3.28 23.95 1.375 2.98 20.51 1.49 -0.93 3.04 23.11 1.05 3.01 20.656 1.43 -0.76 3.33 24.13 1.433 3.05 20.839 1.6 -0.85 2.94 22.72 1.049 3.09 21.022 1.64 -0.73 3.63 25.07 1.659 3.13 21.242 1.67 -0.79 3.52 24.72 1.526 3.17 21.754 1.59 -0.25 3.27 23.92 1.899 3.21 21.864 1.5 -0.41 3.54 24.81 1.925 3.25 21.974 1.46 -0.84 3.11 23.34 1.188 3.29 22.297 1.48 -0.79 3.42 24.42 1.463 3.33 22.592 1.48 -0.8 3.31 24.04 1.374 3.37 22.887 1.41 -1.02 3.58 24.91 1.335 3.41 23.094 1.61 -0.98 3.64 25.12 1.419 3.45 23.3 1.26 -0.86 3.57 24.9 1.493 3.49 23.475 1.68 -0.78 3.79 25.55 1.709 3.53 23.65 1.68 -1.08 3.66 25.18 1.332 3.57 24 1.67 -0.56 3.33 24.13 1.633 3.61 24.115 1.56 -0.81 3.81 25.61 1.691 3.65 24.23 1.6 -0.87 3.63 25.08 1.521 3.69 24.345 1.53 -0.94 3.51 24.69 1.37 3.73 24.46 1.67 -0.82 3.37 24.25 1.398 3.77 24.574 1.48 3.75 25.43 3.81 24.862 1.78 -0.56 3.45 24.51 1.712 3.85 25.149 2.01 -1 3.71 25.31 1.439 3.89 25.493 1.59 -1.13 3.92 25.93 1.438 3.93 25.723 1.51 -0.91 3.45 24.52 1.364 3.97 25.953 1.78 -0.94 3.42 24.42 1.313 4.01 26.642 1.69 -0.93 3.45 24.5 1.34 4.05 27.791 1.42 -1.08 3.59 24.96 1.286 4.09 28.653 1.53 -0.78 3.69 25.25 1.646 4.13 29.14 1.28 -0.94 3.52 24.74 1.38 4.17 29.227 1.29 -1.18 3.43 24.46 1.082 4.21 29.322 1.44 -1.07 3.85 25.72 1.454 4.25 29.409 1.48 -0.67 3.76 25.47 1.802 4.29 29.642 1.62 -0.75 3.54 24.8 1.582 4.33 29.926 1.8 -0.93 3.96 26.04 1.661 4.37 30.21 1.71 -0.72 3.74 25.41 1.74