# Chesapeake Bay 2400 Year Isotope-Mg/Ca Data and Temperature Estimates #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 2.0 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/21530 # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/cronin2010b/cronin2010b-ptxt-2.txt # # Original_Source_URL: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Paleoceanography # # Parameter_Keywords: geochemistry, carbon isotopes, oxygen isotopes, climate reconstruction #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2017-02-24 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Chesapeake Bay 2400 Year Isotope-Mg/Ca Data and Temperature Estimates #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Cronin, T.M.; Hayo, K.; Thunell, R.C.; Dwyer, G.S.; Saenger, C.; Willard, D.A. #-------------------- # Description_and_Notes # Description: Benthic foraminifer stable isotope (d18O and d13C) and Mg/Ca data, plus Bay temperature and salinity # estimates for the past 2,400 years. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: T.M. Cronin, K. Hayo, R.C. Thunell, G.S. Dwyer, C. Saenger, D.A. Willard # Published_Date_or_Year: 2010-11-10 # Published_Title: The Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age in Chesapeake Bay and the North Atlantic Ocean # Journal_Name: Palaeogeography, Palaeoecology, Palaeoclimatology # Volume: 297 # Edition: # Issue: 2 # Pages: 299-310 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2010.08.009 # Online_Resource: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031018210005031 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: A new 2400-year paleoclimate reconstruction from Chesapeake Bay (CB) (eastern US) was compared to other paleoclimate records in the North Atlantic region to evaluate climate variability during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and Little Ice Age (LIA). Using Mg/Ca ratios from ostracodes and oxygen isotopes from benthic foraminifera as proxies for temperature and precipitation-driven estuarine hydrography, results show that warmest temperatures in CB reached 16-17C between 600 and 950 CE (Common Era), centuries before the classic European Medieval Warm Period (950-1100 CE) and peak warming in the Nordic Seas (1000-1400 CE). A series of centennial warm/cool cycles began about 1000 CE with temperature minima of ~8 to 9C about 1150, 1350, and 1650-1800 CE, and intervening warm periods (14-15C) centered at 1200, 1400, 1500 and 1600 CE. Precipitation variability in the eastern US included multiple dry intervals from 600 to 1200 CE, which contrasts with wet medieval conditions in the Caribbean. The eastern US experienced a wet LIA between 1650 and 1800 CE when the Caribbean was relatively dry. Comparison of the CB record with other records shows that the MCA and LIA were characterized by regionally asynchronous warming and complex spatial patterns of precipitation, possibly related to ocean-atmosphere processes. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US Geological Survey # Grant: Global Change Program #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: PTXT-2 # Location: Ocean>Atlantic Ocean>North Atlantic Ocean # Country: United States of America # Northernmost_Latitude: 38.3263 # Southernmost_Latitude: 38.3263 # Easternmost_Longitude: -76.3925 # Westernmost_Longitude: -76.3925 # Elevation: -11.5 m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Cronin2010b-PTXT-2 # Earliest_Year: 1341 # Most_Recent_Year: 1984 # Time_Unit: AD # Core_Length: m # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## depth_cm depth, , , cm, , , , ,N ## age_AD age, , , AD, , , , ,N ## Mg/Ca Magnesium/Calcium ratio, Elphidium selseyense, , mmol/mol, , paleoceanography, , ,N ## temp temperature, , , degrees C, , climate reconstructions, Estimated Bay Temp , ,N # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # depth_cm age_AD Mg/Ca temp 14.5 1984.32 28.03 13.47 15 1983.85 28.78 13.88 15.5 1983.38 41.82 21.12 17 1981.96 22.48 10.39 17.5 1981.49 16.59 7.11 18.5 1980.55 17.91 7.85 19 1980.08 33.73 16.63 19.5 1979.6 38.01 19.01 20.5 1978.66 33.06 16.26 21.5 1977.72 30.28 14.72 25 1974.42 12.94 5.09 27 1972.53 25.33 11.97 31 1968.75 21 9.57 33 1966.87 28.55 13.76 35 1964.98 25.58 12.11 37 1963.09 19.34 8.64 39 1961.21 19.04 8.48 41 1959.32 32.29 15.83 43 1957.43 37.19 18.55 47 1953.66 37.81 18.9 49 1951.77 21.15 9.65 51 1949.89 28.45 13.7 53 1948 22.5 10.4 55 1946.11 31 15.12 63 1938.57 20.59 9.34 65 1936.68 42.87 21.71 77 1925.36 35.35 17.53 79 1923.47 29.96 14.54 81 1921.58 33.38 16.44 83 1919.7 32.95 16.2 85 1917.81 28.59 13.78 87 1915.92 28.85 13.92 89 1914.04 27.12 12.96 91 1912.15 26.08 12.38 93 1910.26 22.84 10.59 95 1908.38 25.51 12.07 97 1906.49 26.27 12.49 101 1902.72 30.56 14.87 103 1900.83 19.31 8.63 105 1898.94 19.06 8.49 107 1897.06 33 16.23 109 1895.17 34.13 16.85 111 1893.28 26.58 12.66 113 1891.4 25 11.79 115 1889.51 25.87 12.27 117 1881.44 25.15 11.87 119 1877.58 18.47 8.16 121 1873.73 32.69 16.06 125 1866.02 33.32 16.41 127 1862.16 41.76 21.09 131 1854.45 30.42 14.79 133 1850.59 28.16 13.54 135 1846.74 19.23 8.58 137 1842.88 24.67 11.6 143 1831.31 19.43 8.69 145 1827.46 18.07 7.94 147 1823.6 23.28 10.83 149 1819.74 23.74 11.08 151 1815.89 42.62 21.57 153 1812.03 19.98 9 155 1808.18 28.27 13.6 157 1804.32 31.56 15.43 159 1800.46 21.24 9.7 161 1796.61 25.78 12.22 163 1792.75 17.06 7.38 169 1781.18 26.9 12.84 171 1777.33 24.06 11.27 177 1765.76 28.07 13.49 181 1758.05 23.52 10.96 183 1754.19 34.47 17.04 185 1750.34 13.91 5.63 187 1746.48 25.51 12.07 193 1734.91 18.22 8.02 195 1731.06 22.99 10.67 197 1727.2 24.62 11.57 199 1723.34 30.66 14.93 203 1715.63 12.89 5.06 209 1704.06 28.14 13.53 211 1700.21 24.51 11.51 213 1696.35 18.71 8.29 215 1692.5 30.38 14.77 221 1680.93 15.94 6.76 225 1673.22 25.36 11.99 237 1650.08 29.81 14.46 239 1646.22 23.11 10.74 241 1642.37 19.92 8.97 243 1638.51 33.67 16.6 251 1623.09 21.3 9.73 257 1611.52 30.76 14.98 259 1607.66 29.7 14.4 261 1603.81 19.71 8.85 263 1599.95 21.04 9.59 265 1596.1 23.72 11.08 267 1592.24 19.01 8.46 269 1588.38 19.74 8.87 277 1572.96 24 11.23 279 1569.1 27.96 13.43 297 1534.4 23.64 11.03 299 1530.54 26.71 12.74 301 1526.69 18.04 7.92 303 1522.83 11.6 4.35 305 1518.98 21.76 9.99 309 1511.26 21.24 9.7 311 1507.41 14.25 5.82 313 1503.55 33.63 16.58 315 1499.7 26.07 12.38 317 1495.84 21.32 9.74 319 1491.98 15.95 6.76 325 1480.42 17.9 7.84 327 1476.56 26.45 12.59 329 1472.7 22.3 10.29 331 1468.85 18.44 8.14 333 1464.99 16.16 6.88 339 1453.42 21.87 10.05 343 1445.71 20.07 9.05 349 1434.14 31.42 15.35 351 1430.29 25.17 11.88 353 1426.43 30.29 14.72 355 1422.58 22.63 10.47 357 1418.72 22.57 10.44 359 1414.86 27.68 13.27 372 1389.8 28.07 13.49 375 1384.02 26.06 12.37 377 1380.16 25.02 11.8 379 1376.3 25.76 12.21 387 1360.88 26.66 12.71 389 1357.02 15.47 6.5 391 1353.17 14.83 6.14 397 1341.6 27.73 13.3