Northeast Atlantic MD95-2006 MIS3 Faunal SST, IRD, and Isotope Data ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Northeast Atlantic MD95-2006 MIS3 Faunal SST, IRD, and Isotope Data LAST UPDATE: 7/2008 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTOR: Alexander Dickson, University College London IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2008-067 WDC PALEO CONTRIBUTION SERIES CITATION: Dickson, A.J., et al. 2008. Northeast Atlantic MD95-2006 MIS3 Faunal SST, IRD, and Isotope Data. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2008-067. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Dickson, A.J., W.E.N. Austin, I.R. Hall, M.A. Maslin, and M. Kucera. 2008. Centennial-scale evolution of Dansgaard-Oeschger events in the northeast Atlantic Ocean between 39.5 and 56.5 ka B.P. Paleoceanography, 23, PA3206, doi:10.1029/2008PA001595. ABSTRACT: There is much uncertainty surrounding the mechanisms that forced the abrupt climate fluctuations found in many palaeoclimate records during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS)-3. One of the processes thought to be involved in these events is the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC), which exhibited large changes in its dominant mode throughout the last glacial period. Giant piston core MD95-2006 from the northeast Atlantic Ocean records a suite of palaeoceanographic proxies related to the activity of both surface and deep water masses through a period of MIS-3 when abrupt climate fluctuations were extremely pronounced. A two-stage progression of surface water warming during interstadial warm events is proposed, with initial warming related to the northward advection of a thin warm surface layer within the North Atlantic Current, which only extended into deeper surface layers as the interstadial progressed. Benthic foraminifera isotope data also show millennial-scale oscillations but of a different structure to the abrupt surface water changes. These changes are argued to partly be related to the influence of low-salinity deepwater brines. The influence of deepwater brines over the site of MD95-2006 reached a maximum at times of rapid warming of surface waters. This observation supports the suggestion that brine formation may have helped to destabilize the accumulation of warm, saline surface waters at low latitudes, helping to force the MOC into a warm mode of operation. The contribution of deepwater brines relative to other mechanisms proposed to alter the state of the MOC needs to be examined further in future studies. ADDITIONAL REFERENCE: Kucera, M., et al. 2005. Reconstruction of sea surface temperatures from assemblages of planktonic foraminifera: Multi-technique approach based on geographically constrained calibration datasets and its application to glacial Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Quat. Sci. Rev., 24, 951 – 998, doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.07.014. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Eastern North Atlantic PERIOD OF RECORD: 56 - 40 KYrBP FUNDING SOURCES: Natural Environment Research Council (UK) award NER/S/M/2003/116780 (W.E.N.A. and I.R.H.), a studentship award to A.J.D. (NER/S/M/2003/116780), and NERC Radiocarbon Allocation 992.1002. DESCRIPTION: Foraminiferal percentage and stable isotope data, ice rafted debris, and reconstructed SST from IMAGES core MD95-2006, R/V Marion Dufresne cruise MD101, Barra Fan, eastern Rockall Trough, eastern North Atlantic: 57°01.82'N, 10°03.48'W, 2130m water depth. Planktonic foraminifera oxygen isotopes (d18O) were measured on ~10 individuals of Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (s) >150 um. Samples of the shallow-dwelling planktonic species Globigerina bulloides were also measured where they could be picked in high enough abundances. Benthic isotopes were measured on 1–6 individuals of the epibenthic species Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi. Summer sea surface temperatures (SSTs) at 10 m water depth have been estimated from assemblage counts of planktonic foraminifera using the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and modern analogue technique using a similarity index (SIMMAX) technique with the modern North Atlantic faunal data set of Kucera et al. [2005]. DATA: Column 1: Core depth (cm) Column 2: Age BP (ss09sea) Column 3: %N. pachyderma (s) Column 4: IRD>150um/g Column 5: Artificial Neural Network (ANN) summer SST °C Column 6: Similarity Index (SIMMAX) summer SST °C Column 7: 1 sd SIMMAX error Column 8: 1 sd ANN error Column 9: Benthic d13C Column 10: Benthic d18O Column 11: N. pachyderma (s) d18O Column 12: Globigerina bulloides d18O Depth Age BP %Np(s) IRD SST-ANN SST-SIM SIMerr ANNerr d13C-b d18O-b d18O-Np d18O-Gb 2502 39960 100 3.55 2503 39980 97.03 3.76 2506 40040 90.2 3.56 2508 40080 90 3.61 2511 40140 92.86 3.67 2513 40180 76.19 3.68 2515 40220 59.29 3.75 3.08 2517 40260 16.35 3.73 2.86 2519 40300 36.45 3.91 3.03 2520 40320 35.96 1023.1 7.08 7.03 1.17 0.41 1.03 3.74 3.91 3.13 2522 40360 82.24 1209.84 5.68 5.72 2.32 0.33 3.81 2524 40426 78.43 2862.22 0.92 3.71 4.02 3.09 2526 40491 78.76 1300.3 5.55 5.86 2.38 0.38 0.68 3.76 3.82 3.09 2528 40557 93.52 1829.45 0.92 3.62 3.84 2530 40623 96.33 1927.19 3.39 3.51 2.82 0.25 0.96 3.87 3.7 2533 40721 98.11 1640.17 3.27 3.71 2.39 0.25 0.87 3.52 3.84 2534 40754 96.15 1696.92 0.88 3.86 3.85 2536 40820 84.11 1078.19 5.03 4.77 1.96 0.32 1.22 3.8 3.66 2538 40886 63.73 1699.69 7.34 7.46 0.68 0.3 0.89 3.97 3.74 3.25 2540 40951 18.81 230.89 3.44 3.12 2542 41017 45.63 646.61 9.03 9.15 1.17 0.29 1.08 3.87 3.4 3.02 2553 41379 14.71 78.46 10.36 10.11 1.08 0.65 3.26 2.91 2555 41444 12.26 138.56 9.88 10.37 1.32 0.66 3.23 3.13 2557 41510 17.93 94.02 3.33 2.9 2558 41543 12.75 51.08 10.4 12.35 4.99 0.69 0.88 3.19 3.34 2.96 2560 41609 18.1 157.88 10.32 10.4 1.33 0.51 2.97 2562 41674 11.01 52.95 0.3 3.78 3.72 2.82 2564 41740 56.86 185.86 7.96 7.4 0.69 0.3 0.86 3.52 3.65 3.03 2566 41810 60.36 668.76 7.77 8.34 1.43 0.22 0.68 3.16 3.87 2568 41880 82.67 1238.49 0.48 3.64 3.86 2570 41949 96.25 835.27 4.72 4.32 2.3 0.38 3.64 2572 42019 94.59 760.43 4.12 3.89 1.94 0.25 0.58 3.27 3.59 2574 42089 79.09 541.89 4 3.89 2.55 0.3 3.69 2576 42159 88.24 2209.6 4 4.37 1.69 0.27 0.66 3.42 3.54 2578 42229 89.19 884.03 4.46 4.3 1.78 0.28 0.75 3.3 3.66 2580 42299 95.1 1291 0.8 3.55 3.55 2582 42368 88.39 1948.39 6.12 7.04 2.99 0.24 0.84 3.6 3.66 2584 42438 82.57 985.32 6.3 6.47 3.35 0.18 0.91 3.88 3.56 2586 42508 65.35 1380.65 0.93 3.6 3.71 2588 42578 48.11 238.66 8.52 8.19 0.87 0.37 1.06 3.77 3.51 3.12 2590 42648 42.15 447.63 8.79 8.36 0.8 0.32 0.71 3.48 3.47 2.94 2592 71.84 3.12 2.86 2594 42787 17.48 43.96 9.81 10.29 1.36 0.33 0.85 3.83 3.1 2.62 2596 42857 14.68 153.16 0.96 3.63 2.98 2.99 2598 42927 14.02 28.35 10.53 10.26 1.36 0.28 0.83 3.31 3.01 2.66 2600 42997 2.61 71.04 1.08 3.67 2.68 2.97 2602 43067 13.04 60 10.44 9.84 1.78 0.68 1.04 3.61 2.84 2.89 2604 43137 3.67 76.57 0.87 3.26 2.71 3.02 2606 43206 6 217.82 10.12 10.4 1.32 0.37 0.82 3.67 2.87 2.55 2608 43276 1.82 47.15 0.84 3.45 3.15 2.62 2610 43346 6.19 72.28 10.58 13.13 5.09 0.66 0.8 3.5 2.98 2.68 2611 43381 15.97 224.4 0.85 3.57 3.53 2.84 2614 43486 33.02 811.02 9.62 9.04 1.1 0.43 0.86 3.37 3.53 2.8 2616 43556 26.17 409 3.63 2.75 2618 43625 86.27 155.56 5.29 6.88 2.58 0.26 3.69 2619 43660 56.38 369.48 3.39 2621 43730 56.52 672.51 7.95 7.46 0.68 0.24 0.54 3.01 3.73 2.68 2623 43800 83.65 852.89 3.46 2624 43833 85.98 515.8 4.13 4.57 2.48 0.35 0.75 3.18 3.57 2626 43900 93.33 861.38 0.54 3.36 3.67 2628 43967 93.2 627.87 3.8 3.44 2.05 0.31 3.54 2630 44033 92.45 980.9 0.55 3.3 3.78 2632 44100 88.7 675.24 4.76 4.46 1.86 0.31 0.74 3.13 3.74 2634 44167 90 934.4 3.71 2636 44233 87.25 1247.49 5.26 5.13 2.22 0.32 3.81 2638 44300 78.7 1222.06 0.72 3.36 3.6 2640 44367 89.42 663.63 4.52 4.57 1.89 0.33 0.72 3.51 3.8 2642 44433 93.2 1186.21 4.08 3.7 2.23 0.3 3.94 2644 44500 87.74 1103.96 3.84 2646 44567 89.62 2313.91 0.97 3.18 3.89 2647 44600 69.49 2120.82 6.48 7.6 2.4 0.26 0.41 4.09 3.95 2650 44700 41.96 1277.72 0.7 3.52 3.77 2.73 2652 44818 44 1312.65 9.18 8.97 1.26 0.27 1.06 3.62 3.46 2.91 2653 3.57 2.52 2656 45055 4.79 604.02 0.95 3.56 3.36 2.81 2658 45173 11.32 171.61 8.75 10.39 1.32 0.24 3.07 2.84 2660 45291 3.67 32.59 1.1 3.62 3.06 2.5 2662 45410 1.74 76.8 9.41 14.76 5.07 0.38 3.13 2.32 2664 45528 3.81 72.5 0.71 3.45 3.08 2.83 2666 45646 0 53.84 11.47 15.82 4.68 2.1 3.04 2.51 2669 45823 1.79 90.73 0.63 3.44 2.79 2.59 2670 45883 0.92 44.27 10.2 10.32 3.61 0.37 2.72 2.52 2672 46001 8.82 18.81 0.91 3.34 2.47 2.55 2674 46119 0.93 68.68 10.41 9.52 2.08 0.5 0.86 3.31 2.5 2.4 2675 46178 0.99 52.7 0.65 3.44 2.83 2.51 2678 46356 7.08 45.28 10.95 10.82 2.08 0.26 0.64 3.32 2.76 2.58 2680 46474 5.31 112.17 0.56 3.56 2.21 2682 46592 14.91 54.87 11.07 11.19 3.23 0.88 3.15 2.56 2684 46710 8.82 242.19 0.73 3.25 3.45 2.6 2686 46829 27 801.65 9.92 10.28 0.81 0.24 3.78 2.5 2689 47006 50 1117.14 0.68 3.1 3.79 2.57 2690 47065 50.45 1063.51 8.44 7.34 0.49 0.22 3.62 2.79 2692 47183 18.66 1236.08 9.48 10 0.63 0.15 0.59 3.09 3.71 2.74 2694 47302 27.78 713.36 3.81 2.57 2696 47420 79.21 844.24 7 7.55 2.93 0.23 3.73 2702 47777 85.71 523.36 3.35 3.53 2.8 0.25 3.66 2704 47896 93 814.06 3.51 2706 48015 99.01 768.66 4.09 3.95 2.55 0.31 3.13 2708 48134 96.26 1118.7 3.17 2710 48253 91.26 1509.45 3.23 4.01 2.98 0.23 3.04 2712 48372 94.34 935.79 3 2714 48491 87.61 681.54 4.91 4.67 2.08 0.33 3.51 2716 48610 92.92 898.8 3.17 2718 48729 93.58 1157.72 4.01 3.37 1.77 0.27 3.28 2720 48848 91.26 1943.75 3.81 2722 48967 85 1590.4 4.89 3.9 2.21 0.27 3.78 2724 49086 92.11 1857.17 1.18 3.65 3.77 3.16 2726 49205 31.37 494.28 8.64 8.23 1.25 0.5 1.08 3.93 3.53 3.06 2728 49324 15.25 921.6 8.35 8.7 0.99 0.28 0.87 4.04 3.48 3.13 2730 49443 31.13 566.46 8.84 8.81 0.93 0.33 0.91 3.94 3.57 2.88 2732 49562 32.67 293.75 3.57 2.89 2734 49681 46.55 798.38 9.03 8.18 1.26 0.47 0.82 3.75 3.7 3.17 2736 49800 68.22 1193.44 1.06 3.5 3.78 2737 49891 88.35 1450.14 5.41 5.33 1.89 0.33 1.1 3.68 3.66 2740 50166 54.05 1268.69 1.11 3.66 3.79 2742 50348 37.38 320.31 8.69 8.37 1.34 0.49 1.08 3.69 2.82 3.13 2745 50622 31.3 162.6 1.2 3.7 3.11 2.92 2746 50714 12.28 102.81 8.65 8.72 1.18 0.23 0.97 3.64 2.98 3.09 2749 50988 22.73 95.71 1.16 3.62 3.13 3.21 2750 51079 15.04 43.96 9.38 9.11 1.15 0.49 0.97 3.84 3.17 2.88 2752 51262 5.04 40.25 1 3.68 2.84 2.96 2754 51445 6.5 61.9 9.13 9.54 0.43 0.21 1.05 3.67 2.92 2.56 2756 51628 13.27 62.14 0.98 3.6 2.77 2.79 2757 51719 0 25.35 10.75 9.53 1.24 1.08 0.82 3.63 2.65 2.87 2760 51993 2.94 12.84 0.6 3.66 2.79 2.7 2762 52176 0.96 32.55 10.99 15.77 4.68 1.35 0.92 3.55 2.67 2.76 2764 52359 0 6.65 0.96 3.4 3.04 2.81 2766 52541 2.54 6.58 11.46 15.8 4.68 2.16 0.82 3.44 2.63 2.77 2768 52724 3.88 25.42 0.92 3.58 2.04 2.77 2770 52907 0.77 12.6 11.55 15.86 4.83 1.66 0.7 3.38 2.88 2.7 2772 53090 0.95 20.15 0.87 3.39 2.61 2.9 2774 53272 9.76 72.58 10.9 9.83 1.78 0.91 0.92 3.58 2.89 2.7 2776 53455 7.92 54.78 0.58 3.58 3.18 2.85 2778 53638 7.76 343.09 9.99 9.84 0.84 0.3 3.17 2.7 2780 53821 30.33 247.41 3.13 2.52 2782 54003 8.87 210.95 10.29 9.84 1.78 0.87 0.21 3.65 3.08 2.68 2784 54186 1.85 249.85 0.15 3.51 3.28 2.7 2785 54278 9.43 588.89 9.27 9.89 1.19 0.28 3.31 2.7 2788 54552 30.91 791.85 3.13 2.59 2790 54734 19.63 462.39 9.79 9.25 1.52 0.67 0.49 3.22 3.13 2.69 2792 54917 33.33 784.08 0.49 3.07 3.3 2.52 2794 55100 69.23 249.46 6.58 7.5 2.44 0.28 3.3 2797 55246 93.33 668.66 0.51 3.24 3.23 2798 55295 95.05 398.38 3.81 3.83 2.58 0.29 3.32 2800 55392 97.09 813.06 0.51 3.22 3.26 2801 55441 7.41 842.11 9.25 9.41 0.51 0.38 3.51 2.57 2802 55490 3.77 522.85 0.56 3.31 3.57 2.49 2803 55538 13.76 268.05 9.33 10.83 4.32 0.47 0.64 3.36 3.3 2.63 2804 55587 72.28 445.59 3.44 2806 55684 87.18 865.52 4.23 3.77 2.35 0.29 3.49 2807 55733 31.15 611.86 8.49 7.73 0.68 0.38 0.73 3.38 3.21 2.67 2810 55879 57.66 981.01 8.33 7.4 0.69 0.27 0.84 3.46 3.56 2.74 2812 55977 76.64 1053.23 3.61 2814 56074 69.15 1338.04 5.9 7.06 2.66 0.26 0.66 3.3 3.78 2816 56171 56.07 1143.09 3.35 2818 56269 40.95 1680.32 8.2 7.4 0.69 0.33 3.46 2820 56366 8.96 649.46 10.08 12.86 5.3 0.74 2.77