Southern Ocean Sediment Trap Planktonic Foraminiferal d13C Data --------------------------------------------------------------------- NOAA Paleoclimatology Program and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder --------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Southern Ocean Sediment Trap Planktonic Foraminiferal d13C Data LAST UPDATE: 7/2005 (Original Receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTOR: Alix Post (King), Geoscience Australia, Canberra. IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2005-049 SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: King, A.L. and W.R. Howard. 2005. Southern Ocean Sediment Trap Planktonic Foraminiferal d13C Data. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series #2005-049. NOAA/NGDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: King, A.L. and Howard, W.R. 2004. Planktonic foraminiferal d13C records from Southern Ocean sediment traps: New estimates of the oceanic Suess effect. Global Biogeochemical Cycles. 2004; 18(GB2007, doi:10.1029/2003GB002162). ABSTRACT: The carbon isotopic composition is measured for three species of planktonic foraminifera (Globigerina bulloides, Globorotalia inflata and Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (s.)) from Southern Ocean sediment traps. The sediment traps represent the annual flux of foraminifera in Subtropical to Polar Frontal environments from the western Pacific/Southern Australia sector. Comparison between the seasonal d13C composition of the foraminifera and estimated d13C of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) allows disequilibrium effects to be determined. Disequilibrium exhibits a latitudinal trend, with greatest offsets from equilibrium at lower latitudes. This effect causes a north to south increase in foraminiferal d13C, while the d13CDIC displays a decrease across these latitudes. Disequilibrium in G. bulloides can be accounted for by changes in temperature. The relationship between disequilibrium and temperature which we derive in this field study is consistent with the laboratory relationship of Bemis et al. [2000]. Corrected d13C for G. bulloides is closely correlated to seasonal changes in nutrients at each site, indicating the utility of G. bulloides d13C as a nutrient tracer in Southern Ocean environments. Comparison between flux-weighted sediment trap values and nearby core tops indicates a modern depletion in d13C, which we attribute to the oceanic Suess effect. The imprint of this effect on the foraminiferal isotopes provides further evidence for the equilibration between surface waters and the atmosphere in the Subantarctic Zone. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Southern Ocean PERIOD OF RECORD: Modern DESCRIPTION: This dataset includes d13C values measured from Globigerina bulloides, Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (s.) and Globorotalia inflata from moored sediment traps at: NCR: 42°42'S;178°38'E SCR: 44°37'S; 178°37'E SAZ: 46°45.6'S; 142°4.2'E SAF: 51°0.01'S; 141°44.3'E PFZ: 53°44.8'S; 141°45.5'E Ten specimens in the 250-355 µm size fraction were analysed per sample for G. bulloides and G. inflata, and 15-20 specimens in the 150-250 µm size fraction were analysed for N. pachyderma (s.). The Chatham Rise (NCR and SCR) samples were analysed at the Central Sciences Laboratory, University of Tasmania on an individual reaction-vial automated carbonate line coupled to a Micromass Optima mass spectrometer. Analytical precision was ±0.08 for d13C and ±0.09 for d18O (N = 51). The other samples (SAZ, SAF and PFZ) were analysed on a Micromass Optima at UC Davis. The average analytical precision for these measurements was ±0.05 for d13C, and ±0.06 for d18O (N = 28). The isotopic ratios are reported as per mil (‰) deviations from the Pee Dee belemnite (PDB) standard using Carrara marble as a laboratory standard. The King and Howard (2005) d18O data is available at: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/king2005/ Data: Column 1: Trap Site ID Column 2: Trap Depth Column 3: Trap Open Date Column 4: Trap Close Date Column 4: G. bulloides d13C per mil PDB Column 4: G. inflata d13C per mil PDB Column 4: N. pachyderma (s.) d13C per mil PDB G.bull. G.infl. N.pachy. Trap site Trap depth Cup Trap opened Trap closed d13C d13C d13C NCR 42 1000 1 14-Sep-96 22-Sep-96 -0.528 0.8566 NA NCR 42 1000 2 22-Sep-96 30-Sep-96 -0.7591 0.778 NA NCR 42 1000 3 30-Sep-96 8-Oct-96 -0.1647 0.8407 NA NCR 42 1000 4 8-Oct-96 17-Oct-96 -0.3741 0.78 NA NCR 42 1000 5 17-Oct-96 25-Oct-96 -0.4842 0.7566 NA NCR 42 1000 6 25-Oct-96 2-Nov-96 -0.3237 0.9453 NA NCR 42 1000 7 2-Nov-96 10-Nov-96 -0.2921 0.8363 NA NCR 42 1000 8 10-Nov-96 18-Nov-96 -0.7362 0.6648 NA NCR 42 1000 9 18-Nov-96 26-Nov-96 -1.1919 0.6258 NA NCR 42 1000 10 26-Nov-96 4-Dec-96 -1.1057 0.6602 NA NCR 42 1000 11 4-Dec-96 12-Dec-96 -0.7277 0.7593 NA NCR 42 1000 12 12-Dec-96 20-Dec-96 -1.2436 0.6128 NA NCR 42 1000 13 20-Dec-96 5-Jan-97 -0.9937 0.6372 NA NCR 42 1000 14 5-Jan-97 21-Jan-97 -1.1532 0.6922 NA NCR 42 1000 15 21-Jan-97 7-Feb-97 -1.4547 0.634 NA NCR 42 1000 16 7-Feb-97 23-Feb-97 -1.1313 0.605 NA NCR 42 1000 17 23-Feb-97 11-Mar-97 NA 0.9874 NA NCR 42 1000 18 11-Mar-97 27-Mar-97 -0.8442 0.7721 NA NCR 42 1000 19 27-Mar-97 13-Apr-97 -0.3623 0.5296 NA NCR 42 1000 20 13-Apr-97 29-Apr-97 -0.6548 0.7375 NA NCR 42 1000 21 29-Apr-97 15-May-97 -0.4821 0.8789 NA SCR 44 1000 1 9-Jun-96 25-Jun-96 0.042 0.993 NA SCR 44 1000 2 25-Jun-96 11-Jul-96 -0.791 NA NA SCR 44 1000 3 11-Jul-96 28-Jul-96 -0.558 0.924 NA SCR 44 1000 4 28-Jul-96 13-Aug-96 -0.708 0.912 NA SCR 44 1000 5 13-Aug-96 29-Aug-96 -0.131 0.99 NA SCR 44 1000 6 29-Aug-96 14-Sep-96 0.4184 0.8636 NA SCR 44 1000 7 14-Sep-96 22-Sep-96 0.5723 1.2233 -0.1 SCR 44 1000 8 30-Sep-96 8-Oct-96 0.5843 1.3062 0.051 SCR 44 1000 9 17-Oct-96 25-Oct-96 0.7946 1.1541 -0.466 SCR 44 1000 10 2-Nov-96 10-Nov-96 0.657 1.1603 -0.096 SCR 44 1000 11 18-Nov-96 26-Nov-96 0.5454 1.236 -0.509 SCR 44 1000 12 4-Dec-96 12-Dec-96 0.0706 0.902 NA SCR 44 1000 13 20-Dec-96 5-Jan-97 0.262 0.978 NA SCR 44 1000 14 5-Jan-97 21-Jan-97 -0.187 0.915 NA SCR 44 1000 15 21-Jan-97 7-Feb-97 0.088 1.003 NA SCR 44 1000 16 7-Feb-97 23-Feb-97 -0.565 0.965 -0.149 SCR 44 1000 17 23-Feb-97 11-Mar-97 -0.328 0.787 -0.1287 SCR 44 1000 18 11-Mar-97 27-Mar-97 -0.276 1.053 -0.3177 SCR 44 1000 19 27-Mar-97 13-Apr-97 -0.053 0.993 0.2953 SCR 44 1000 20 13-Apr-97 29-Apr-97 -0.545 1.023 0.3483 SCR 44 1000 21 29-Apr-97 15-May-97 NA NA NA SAZ 47 3850 1 21-Sep-97 30-Sep-97 -0.195 NA NA SAZ 47 3850 2 30-Sep-97 8-Oct-97 -0.171 0.713 NA SAZ 47 3850 3 8-Oct-97 17-Oct-97 0.209 0.885 NA SAZ 47 3850 4 17-Oct-97 25-Oct-97 -0.274 0.946 NA SAZ 47 3850 5 25-Oct-97 3-Nov-97 -0.839 0.779 NA SAZ 47 3850 6 3-Nov-97 11-Nov-97 -0.853 0.602 NA SAZ 47 3850 7 11-Nov-97 20-Nov-97 -0.745 0.673 NA SAZ 47 3850 8 20-Nov-97 28-Nov-97 -1.394 NA NA SAZ 47 3850 9 28-Nov-97 7-Dec-97 -0.643 0.689 NA SAZ 47 3850 10 7-Dec-97 15-Dec-97 -0.913 0.558 NA SAZ 47 3850 11 15-Dec-97 24-Dec-97 -0.556 0.667 NA SAZ 47 3850 12 24-Dec-97 1-Jan-98 0.379 0.897 -0.38 SAZ 47 3850 13 1-Jan-98 6-Jan-98 -0.33 0.762 -0.17 SAZ 47 3850 14 6-Jan-98 10-Jan-98 -0.589 0.758 -0.028 SAZ 47 3850 15 10-Jan-98 14-Jan-98 -0.085 1.272 -0.144 SAZ 47 3850 16 14-Jan-98 18-Jan-98 -0.311 0.237 -0.068 SAZ 47 3850 17 18-Jan-98 23-Jan-98 -0.235 0.494 -0.143 SAZ 47 3850 18 23-Jan-98 27-Jan-98 -0.32 0.521 -0.22 SAZ 47 3850 19 27-Jan-98 4-Feb-98 -0.322 0.53 -0.3637 SAZ 47 3850 20 4-Feb-98 13-Feb-98 -0.185 0.661 -0.189 SAZ 47 3850 21 13-Feb-98 21-Feb-98 NA NA NA SAZ 47 1998 3850 1 15-Mar-98 9-Apr-98 -0.4 0.783 -0.266 SAZ 47 1998 3850 2 9-Apr-98 24-Apr-98 -0.83 0.778 NA SAZ 47 1998 3850 3 24-Apr-98 10-May-98 -0.597 0.916 -0.121 SAZ 47 1998 3850 4 10-May-98 25-May-98 -0.37 0.96 -0.161 SAZ 47 1998 3850 5 25-May-98 10-Jun-98 -0.56 0.887 NA SAZ 47 1998 3850 6 10-Jun-98 25-Jun-98 -0.92 0.638 NA SAZ 47 1998 3850 7 25-Jun-98 11-Jul-98 -0.49 0.815 NA SAZ 47 1998 3850 8 11-Jul-98 26-Jul-98 -1.01 0.797 NA SAZ 47 1998 3850 9 26-Jul-98 11-Aug-98 0.683 NA SAZ 47 1998 3850 10 11-Aug-98 26-Aug-98 -0.57 0.592 NA SAZ 47 1998 3850 11 26-Aug-98 11-Sep-98 -0.76 0.542 NA SAZ 47 1998 3850 12 11-Sep-98 26-Sep-98 0 0.749 NA SAZ 47 1998 3850 13 26-Sep-98 12-Oct-98 0.08 0.775 NA SAZ 47 1998 3850 14 12-Oct-98 27-Oct-98 -0.06 0.8 NA SAZ 47 1998 3850 15 27-Oct-98 12-Nov-98 0.05 0.839 NA SAZ 47 1998 3850 16 12-Nov-98 27-Nov-98 -0.2 0.619 NA SAZ 47 1998 3850 17 27-Nov-98 13-Dec-98 -0.72 0.774 NA SAZ 47 1998 3850 18 13-Dec-98 28-Dec-98 -0.07 NA NA SAZ 47 1998 3850 19 28-Dec-98 13-Jan-99 NA NA NA SAZ 47 1998 3850 20 13-Jan-99 28-Jan-99 -0.33 0.325 NA SAZ 47 1998 3850 21 28-Jan-99 13-Feb-99 NA NA NA SAF 51 3080 1 21-Sep-97 30-Sep-97 0.255 1.184 NA SAF 51 3080 2 30-Sep-97 8-Oct-97 0.187 1.167 NA SAF 51 3080 3 8-Oct-97 17-Oct-97 0.408 1.293 NA SAF 51 3080 4 17-Oct-97 25-Oct-97 0.285 1.325 0.331 SAF 51 3080 5 25-Oct-97 3-Nov-97 0.228 1.296 0.604 SAF 51 3080 6 3-Nov-97 11-Nov-97 0.069 1.1 0.07 SAF 51 3080 7 11-Nov-97 20-Nov-97 0.061 1.142 0.25 SAF 51 3080 8 20-Nov-97 28-Nov-97 0.258 1.263 -0.07 SAF 51 3080 9 28-Nov-97 7-Dec-97 0.189 1.371 0.598 SAF 51 3080 10 7-Dec-97 15-Dec-97 0.247 1.237 0.55 SAF 51 3080 11 15-Dec-97 24-Dec-97 0.601 1.197 0.696 SAF 51 3080 12 24-Dec-97 1-Jan-98 0.629 1.205 0.916 SAF 51 3080 13 1-Jan-98 6-Jan-98 0.331 NA 0.576 SAF 51 3080 14 6-Jan-98 10-Jan-98 0.19 NA 0.65 SAF 51 3080 15 10-Jan-98 14-Jan-98 0.096 NA 0.842 SAF 51 3080 16 14-Jan-98 18-Jan-98 0.186 NA 1.002 SAF 51 3080 17 18-Jan-98 23-Jan-98 0.468 NA 0.875 SAF 51 3080 18 23-Jan-98 27-Jan-98 0.131 NA 0.861 SAF 51 3080 19 27-Jan-98 4-Feb-98 0.268 NA 0.713 SAF 51 3080 20 4-Feb-98 13-Feb-98 -0.007 NA 0.668 SAF 51 3080 21 13-Feb-98 21-Feb-98 0.087 NA 0.853 PFZ 54 830 1 21-Sep-97 30-Sep-97 NA NA NA PFZ 54 830 2 30-Sep-97 8-Oct-97 NA NA NA PFZ 54 830 3 8-Oct-97 17-Oct-97 NA NA NA PFZ 54 830 4 17-Oct-97 25-Oct-97 NA NA 0.61 PFZ 54 830 5 25-Oct-97 3-Nov-97 NA NA 0.701 PFZ 54 830 6 3-Nov-97 11-Nov-97 NA NA 0.768 PFZ 54 830 7 11-Nov-97 20-Nov-97 NA NA 0.772 PFZ 54 830 8 20-Nov-97 28-Nov-97 0.04 NA 0.872 PFZ 54 830 9 28-Nov-97 7-Dec-97 0.17 NA 0.737 PFZ 54 830 10 7-Dec-97 15-Dec-97 0.24 NA 0.738 PFZ 54 830 11 15-Dec-97 24-Dec-97 0.53 NA 0.578 PFZ 54 830 12 24-Dec-97 1-Jan-98 0.63 NA 0.9 PFZ 54 830 13 1-Jan-98 6-Jan-98 0.72 NA 1.001 PFZ 54 830 14 6-Jan-98 10-Jan-98 0.63 NA 0.921 PFZ 54 830 15 10-Jan-98 14-Jan-98 0.6274 NA 0.82 PFZ 54 830 16 14-Jan-98 18-Jan-98 0.55 NA 0.974 PFZ 54 830 17 18-Jan-98 23-Jan-98 0.751 NA 0.938 PFZ 54 830 18 23-Jan-98 27-Jan-98 0.7921 NA 0.953 PFZ 54 830 19 27-Jan-98 4-Feb-98 0.41 NA 1.364 PFZ 54 830 20 4-Feb-98 13-Feb-98 0.63 NA 0.956 PFZ 54 830 21 13-Feb-98 21-Feb-98 0.55 NA 0.867 PFZ 54 830 22 24-Mar-98 9-Apr-98 -0.38 NA 0.805