Kau Bay, Indonesia 3500-Year d15N ENSO Record ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Kau Bay, Indonesia 3500-Year d15N ENSO Record LAST UPDATE: 2/2009 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTOR: Samantha Langton, University at Albany, State University of New York. IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2009-014 WDC PALEO CONTRIBUTION SERIES CITATION: Langton, S.J., et al. 2009. Kau Bay, Indonesia 3500-Year d15N ENSO Record. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2009-014. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Langton, S.J., B.K. Linsley, R.S. Robinson, Y. Rosenthal, D.W. Oppo, T.I. Eglinton, S.S. Howe, Y.S. Djajadihardja, and F. Syamsudin. 2008. 3500 yr record of centennial-scale climate variability from the Western Pacific Warm Pool. Geology, Vol. 36, No. 10, pp. 795–798, October 2008. doi: 10.1130/G24926A.1 ABSTRACT: We use geochemical data from a sediment core in the shallow-silled and intermittently dysoxic Kau Bay in Halmahera (Indonesia, lat 1°N, long 127.5°E) to reconstruct century-scale climate variability within the Western Pacific Warm Pool over the past ~3500 yr. Downcore variations in bulk sedimentary d15N appear to reflect century-scale variability in basin ventilation, attributed to changes in oceanographic conditions related to century-scale fluctuations in El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). We infer an increase in century-scale El Niño activity beginning ca. 1700 yr B.P. with peaks in El Niño activity ca. 1500 yr B.P., 1150 yr B.P., and ca. 700 yr B.P. The Kau Bay results suggest that there was diminished ENSO amplitude or frequency, or a departure from El Niño–like conditions during the Medieval Warm Period, and distinctive, but steadily decreasing, El Niño activity during and after the Little Ice Age. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Indonesia, equatorial western Pacific PERIOD OF RECORD: 3500 YrBP - present FUNDING SOURCES: U.S. National Science Foundation (grants OCE-0502550, OCE-0502504, and OCE-052960). DESCRIPTION: Nitrogen isotope ratios (as d15N) on the <63 um fraction of bulk sediment from Kau Bay gravity core BJ8–03–102GGC at 8 cm (~60 year) intervals. Core BJ8–03–102GGC: 0°30'N, 127°43'W, 377m depth, 4.25 m long. DATA: 1. BJ8–03–102GGC d15N data (First sample from core MC103F) Column 1: Depth, cm. Column 2: Age, yrBP (300yr Reservoir Correction) Column 3: Age, year AD Column 4: d15N, per mil Column 5: C/N ratio (C acidif./N unacid.) Column 6: d13C acidified Depth AgeBP AgeAD d15N C/N d13Cacid 0-2 0 2003 2.6 0 163 1840 3.28 11.7 -21.75 8 226 1777 3.77 16 297 1706 3.76 24 372 1631 3.99 32 450 1553 4.47 40 528 1475 5.09 48 578 1425 5.06 13.2 -22.06 56 628 1375 5.08 64 678 1325 5.59 72 728 1275 4.75 80 770 1233 4.66 88 813 1190 3.76 96 855 1148 4.13 104 897 1106 3.66 112 940 1063 3.68 120 982 1021 3.6 128 1025 978 4.08 130 14 -22.32 136 1067 936 4.08 144 1109 894 4.65 152 1152 851 4.02 160 1189 814 3.97 168 1226 777 4.37 176 1262 741 4.24 184 1299 704 4.11 190 13.9 -21.66 192 1335 668 4.06 200 1372 631 3.97 208 1420 584 3.69 216 1467 536 3.63 224 1515 489 3.61 232 1562 441 3.81 240 1610 394 3.74 248 1657 346 3.19 256 1705 299 2.74 264 1752 251 2.74 272 1806 197 2.56 280 1860 143 2.48 288 1914 89 2.68 296 1968 35 2.16 304 2022 -19 2.72 312 2076 -73 2.3 320 2118 -115 2.65 328 2160 -157 2.61 336 2202 -199 2.45 344 2244 -241 2.53 352 2287 -284 2.5 360 2329 -326 2.46 15.3 -22.19 368 2451 -448 2.37 376 2584 -581 2.42 384 2718 -715 2.68 392 2851 -848 2.43 400 2985 -982 2.84 408 3118 -1115 2.61 416 3252 -1249 2.89 418 3285 -1282 15.6 -21.27 424 3385 -1382 4.1 2. Alkanes Column 1: Depth, cm. Column 2: Age, yrBP Column 3: Alkanes d13C C-29, per mil Column 4: error, d13C C-29 Column 5: Alkanes d13C C-31, per mil Column 6: error, d13C C-31 Column 7: FAME d13C C16, per mil Column 8: error, d13C C16 Column 9: FAME d13C C32, per mil Column 10: error, d13C C32 Depth AgeBP d13C C29 err d13C C31 err d13C C16 err d13C C32 err 1 180.00 -33.58 -34.75 0.01 -24.3 -33 47 571.75 -33.75 -36.06 -33.6 0.5 63 671.75 -32.38 0.05 -34.32 0.16 -28.3 -32.9 73 733.30 -32.73 0.05 -34.21 -33.4 0.01 87 807.44 -31.41 -33.67 -27.95 0.35 -32.6 0.4 143 1104.04 -33.23 -34.49 -28.3 -33.45 0.15 155 1166.15 -32.96 -34.45 0.27 -32.9 167 1221.04 -33.68 -35.39 -32.7 239 1603.56 -34.72 0.28 -35.06 0.27 -32.6 0 298 1981.50 -32.7 0.23 -34.06 0.16 -28.9 0.1 -32.6 0.3 419 3301.59 -34.31 0.05 -35.36 0.04 -32.7 3. C32:C16 Column 1: Depth, cm. Column 2: Marine:Terrestrial concentrations, Age, yrBP Column 3: C32/(C16+C32) Depth M:Tage C32/C16+C32 1 180.00 0.20 3 196.11 0.27 5 212.21 0.89 7 228.32 0.63 31 440.25 0.47 63 671.75 0.55 73 733.30 0.67 87 807.44 0.40 99 871.00 0.67 103 892.19 0.56 121 987.52 0.90 143 1104.04 0.67 155 1166.15 0.51 167 1221.04 0.53 179 1275.94 0.80 191 1330.83 0.53 209 1425.44 0.62 231 1603.56 0.66 259 1722.31 0.69 279 1853.25 0.56 298 1981.50 0.69 321 2123.39 0.83 353 2291.88 0.70 393 2867.84 0.90 417 3268.22 0.47 419 3301.59 0.88 421 3334.95 0.68 4. Water NO3- Column 1: Water Sample Depth (m) Column 2: NO3- conc. (uM) Column 3: d15Nf Column 4: d18O NO3 Depth NO3- d15Nf d18O NO3 444.053 2.7 8.39 424.941 4.8 8.77 8.82 400.283 6.8 6.18 9.16 400.283 6.72 350.361 7.9 6.26 2.70 300.004 8.6 5.82 4.29 200.215 9.0 5.82 2.74 150.252 9.1 5.59 3.41 99.67 5.65 0.94 99.67 9.5 5.33 80.438 9.3 5.38 1.89 2.44 59.548 9.1 5.06 0.72 14.67 0.6 5. Water T-S Column 1: Water Sample Depth (m) Column 2: Temperature ºC (measured) Column 3: Salinity from CTD Depth Temp. Salin. 444.05 28.37 34.4476 424.94 28.35 34.4309 400.28 28.30 34.4062 350.36 28.34 34.4134 300.00 28.37 34.4219 200.22 28.44 34.4228 150.25 28.51 34.4285 99.67 28.55 34.4054 80.44 28.53 34.3454 59.55 28.60 34.3427 14.67 29.31 34.1264