Coral Sea ODP820 Alkenone Data and SST Reconstruction ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE CONTRIBUTORS WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Coral Sea ODP820 Alkenone Data and SST Reconstruction LAST UPDATE: 7/2006 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTOR: Kira Lawrence, Brown University IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2006-073 SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: Lawrence, K.T. and T.D. Herbert. 2006. Coral Sea ODP820 Alkenone Data and SST Reconstruction. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2006-073. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Lawrence, K.T. and T.D. Herbert. 2005. Late Quaternary sea-surface temperatures in the western Coral Sea: Implications for the growth of the Australian Great Barrier Reef. Geology, Vol. 33, No. 8, pp. 677–680 doi: 10.1130/G21595.1 ABSTRACT: Recent chronostratigraphic evidence suggests that the central Australian Great Barrier Reef formed within the past 780 k.y. Periplatform sediments of the same age recovered from the western Coral Sea record a progressive decrease in the d18O of planktonic foraminifera to the present. Several investigators have proposed that this trend represents an appreciable late Pleistocene warming (4°C) of ocean surface temperatures, which they posit catalyzed the growth of the Great Barrier Reef. Contrary to this hypothesis, we demonstrate using alkenone paleothermometry (U37k?) on sediments from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 820 that sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) in the western Coral Sea changed by 1.5°C or less during the past 800 k.y. If the central Great Barrier Reef rose in the late Quaternary, it was therefore not due to a warming of SSTs. We explore whether a major moisture balance change and/or diagenetic alteration of calcareous microfossils can explain the higher d18O values observed at depth in the planktonic d18O record at ODP Site 820. Our results suggest that diagenesis provides a large isotopic overprint. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Western Coral Sea, tropical Southwest Pacific PERIOD OF RECORD: 815 KYrBP - present FUNDING SOURCES: National Science Foundation (USA), graduate student research fellowship (Lawrence), grant OCE-98-11976 (Herbert). DESCRIPTION: Alkenone paleothermometry (Uk37) from core ODP820 in the western Coral Sea indicating that SST changed by 1.5°C or less during the past 800 k.y. ODP Site 820: 16° 38'S, 146° 18'E DATA: Column 1: ODP Leg/Site Column 2: Section Column 3: Interval Column 4: Depth m Column 5: Age (ka) Column 6: Uk'37 Temperature (ºC) Column 7: C37 Total (nmol/g) Column 8: Benthic Composite d18O (‰PDB) Leg/Site Sect. Int. Depth Age SST C37 Benth d18O 133-820A 1H-1 20-25 0.2 0.4 0.854 133-820A 1H-1 60-65 0.6 1.3 27.6 0.43 0.752 133-820A 1H-1 80-82 0.8 1.7 27.6 0.17 133-820A 1H-1 140-145 1.4 3.0 27.4 0.47 0.740 133-820A 1H-2 20-22 1.7 3.7 27.6 0.32 133-820A 1H-2 80-85 2.3 5.0 27.7 0.6 -0.811 133-820A 1H-2 88-90 2.38 5.2 27.6 0.38 133-820A 1H-3 20-25 3.2 6.9 28 0.42 133-820A 1H-3 60-62 3.6 7.8 28.3 0.35 133-820A 1H-3 80-85 3.8 8.2 28 0.41 133-820A 1H-3 120-125 4.2 9.1 27.8 0.49 -0.686 133-820A 1H-4 20-25 4.7 10.2 27.5 0.34 133-820A 1H-4 40-42 4.9 10.6 28.1 0.35 133-820A 1H-4 80-85 5.3 11.5 27.8 0.33 133-820A 1H-4 140-145 5.9 12.8 27.7 0.5 -0.041 133-820A 1H-5 20-22 6.200 13.5 27.9 0.3 -0.202 133-820A 1H-5 60-65 6.6 15.0 27.9 0.3 133-820A 1H-5 82-87 6.83 16.6 27.6 0.37 0.098 133-820A 2H-1 0-5 7.2 19.1 26.7 0.12 133-820A 2H-1 20-25 7.4 20.4 27.2 0.27 1.006 133-820A 2H-1 40-42 7.6 21.8 27.7 0.63 133-820A 2H-1 72-77 7.92 23.3 27.8 0.95 133-820A 2H-1 100-105 8.2 24.0 27.8 1.16 133-820A 2H-2 20-25 8.9 25.6 27.9 0.78 133-820A 2H-2 60-65 9.3 26.6 27.9 1.24 133-820A 2H-2 120-125 9.9 28.0 27.8 0.99 0.823 133-820A 2H-3 0-5 10.2 28.7 27.3 1.17 133-820A 2H-3 60-65 10.8 30.1 27.4 1.29 1.043 133-820A 2H-3 100-105 11.2 31.0 27.2 1.21 133-820A 2H-4 0-5 11.7 32.2 27.5 1.25 133-820A 2H-4 60-65 12.3 33.6 26.8 1.27 1.312 133-820A 2H-4 101-106 12.71 34.5 27.3 1.37 133-820A 2H-5 0-5 13.2 35.7 27.1 1.69 133-820A 2H-5 40-45 13.6 36.6 27.2 1.75 133-820A 2H-5 80-85 14 37.6 27.2 1.64 133-820A 2H-5 136-141 14.56 38.9 27.5 1.29 1.331 133-820A 2H-6 60-65 15.3 40.6 27.3 1.24 133-820A 2H-6 80-82 15.5 41.1 27.7 1.22 133-820A 2H-7 0-5 16.2 42.7 27.5 1.39 133-820A 2H-CC 0-5 16.48 43.4 27.6 1.28 -0.050 133-820A 3H-1 60-65 17.3 45.3 28 0.95 133-820A 3H-1 100-105 17.7 46.2 28 0.98 0.904 133-820A 3H-2 0-5 18.2 47.4 28 0.68 133-820A 3H-2 39-44 18.59 48.3 28 0.8 1.075 133-820A 3H-2 100-105 19.2 49.7 27.9 1.17 133-820A 3H-2 138-143 19.58 50.6 28 1.18 133-820A 3H-3 21-26 19.91 51.4 28 1.19 -0.964 133-820A 3H-3 60-65 20.2 52.1 28.1 1.13 133-820A 3H-3 119-124 20.89 53.7 27.8 0.82 133-820A 3H-4 0-5 21.2 54.4 27.8 1 133-820A 3H-4 20-25 21.4 54.9 27.7 0.86 -0.870 133-820A 3H-4 61-66 21.81 60.1 27.7 0.76 133-820A 3H-4 100-105 22.2 65.7 27.7 1.14 133-820A 3H-4 138-143 22.58 71.1 27.7 1.17 -0.439 133-820A 3H-5 20-25 22.9 75.7 27.7 1.11 133-820A 3H-5 60-65 23.3 81.4 27.6 1.36 133-820A 3H-5 121-126 23.91 86.8 27.7 1.38 133-820A 3H-6 0-5 24.2 88.3 27.5 1 133-820A 3H-6 60-65 24.8 91.3 27.7 1.56 -0.551 133-820A 3H-6 100-105 25.2 93.3 27.7 1.4 -0.586 133-820A 3H-7 0-5 25.7 95.8 27.8 1.28 133-820A 4H-1 0-5 26.2 98.3 27.9 1.15 133-820A 4H-1 40-45 26.6 100.3 28.2 0.63 133-820A 4H-1 100-105 27.2 103.4 28.2 0.6 0.717 133-820A 4H-2 0-5 27.7 105.9 28 0.48 133-820A 4H-2 60-65 28.3 108.9 28.2 0.7 133-820A 4H-2 100-105 28.7 110.9 28.2 0.72 133-820A 4H-3 0-5 29.2 113.4 28.3 0.85 0.323 133-820A 4H-3 40-45 29.6 115.4 28.2 0.97 133-820A 4H-3 100-105 30.2 118.4 28.2 1.15 0.802 133-820A 4H-3 140-145 30.6 120.5 28.1 1 133-820A 4H-4 20-25 30.9 122.0 28.1 1.09 133-820A 4H-4 60-65 31.3 124.0 28.2 1.14 133-820A 4H-4 100-105 31.7 126.0 28.3 0.72 -0.277 133-820A 4H-4 140-145 32.1 128.0 28.2 0.33 133-820A 4H-5 0-5 32.2 128.5 28.3 0.76 133-820A 4H-5 40-45 32.6 130.3 28.3 0.27 1.273 133-820A 4H-5 100-105 33.2 133.1 27.8 0.44 1.138 133-820A 4H-6 20-22 33.9 136.4 27.6 0.98 133-820A 4H-6 60-65 34.3 138.2 27.7 1.49 1.278 133-820A 4H-6 100-105 34.7 140.1 27.9 1.36 133-820A 4H-7 0-5 35.2 142.4 27.6 2.19 133-820A 4H-7 39-44 35.59 144.2 27.8 1.45 1.668 133-820A 5H-1 60-65 36.3 147.5 27.8 1.61 133-820A 5H-2 40-45 37.6 153.6 27.7 2.39 1.344 133-820A 5H-3 0-5 38.7 158.7 27.8 2.46 1.274 133-820A 5H-3 100-105 39.7 163.4 1.144 133-820A 5H-4 60-65 40.8 168.5 27.9 1.75 -0.112 133-820A 5H-5 100-105 42.7 177.3 1.657 133-820A 5H-6 60-62 43.8 182.5 27.5 1.85 133-820A 5H-6 120-125 44.4 185.3 27.3 2.11 1.325 133-820A 6H-1 60-65 45.8 191.8 1.168 133-820A 6H-2 100-105 46.7 194.3 27.4 2.41 1.112 133-820A 6H-3 60-65 48.8 200.0 0.934 133-820A 6H-4 60-65 50.3 204.1 27.6 1.84 1.639 133-820A 6H-5 20-25 51.4 207.1 1.016 133-820A 6H-6 0-5 52.7 210.6 27.5 0.64 1.217 133-820A 7H-1 60-65 55.3 217.7 1.418 133-820A 7H-1 100-102 55.7 218.8 27.1 1.82 133-820A 7H-3 0-5 57.7 224.2 27.2 2.49 1.483 133-820A 7H-4 20-25 59.4 228.8 1.169 133-820A 7H-5 40-45 61.1 233.4 27.8 1.07 0.906 133-820A 7H-6 20-25 62.4 237.0 0.837 133-820A 7H-7 0-5 63.7 240.5 28 1.07 -1.001 133-820A 8H-1 40-42 64.6 243.1 27.6 0.36 133-820A 8H-1 80-85 65 244.5 1.315 133-820A 8H-2 40-45 66.1 248.1 26.9 0.75 1.298 133-820A 8H-3 0-5 67.2 251.7 1.426 133-820A 8H-4 0-5 68.7 256.6 27.3 1.54 1.307 133-820A 8H-4 120-125 69.9 260.6 1.628 133-820A 8H-5 100-105 71.2 264.8 27.8 1.02 -0.184 133-820A 8H-6 60-65 72.3 268.4 28 0.94 0.407 133-820A 9H-1 0-5 73.7 273.0 0.962 133-820A 9H-2 20-25 75.4 278.6 27.4 0.72 1.226 133-820A 9H-3 120-125 77.9 288.0 27.5 1.01 1.097 133-820A 9H-4 60-65 78.8 295.0 1.252 133-820A 9H-5 20-25 79.9 303.7 27.9 1.04 0.434 133-820A 9H-6 0-5 81.2 313.9 27.7 0.78 0.409 133-820A 9H-6 60-65 81.8 318.6 1.269 133-820A 9H-6 120-125 82.4 323.3 27.3 1.09 1.139 133-820A 10H-1 40-45 83.6 332.7 27.4 1.45 1.107 133-820A 10H-2 0-5 84.7 343.8 1.278 133-820A 10H-3 0-5 86.2 359.1 27.4 0.28 0.869 133-820A 10H-3 39-41 86.6 363.2 27.4 1.02 133-820A 10H-3 120-125 87.4 371.4 1.217 133-820A 10H-4 100-105 88.7 383.2 27.4 1.23 1.246 133-820A 10H-6 40-45 91.1 397.6 27.9 0.8 0.941 133-820A 10H-7 20-25 92.4 405.4 0.198 133-820A 11H-1 100-105 93.7 413.2 28.2 0.36 0.430 133-820A 11H-2 80-85 95 420.5 1.070 133-820A 11H-2 99-101 95.19 421.1 28 0.27 133-820A 11H-3 40-45 96.1 424.1 27.9 1.32 1.023 133-820A 11H-4 60-65 97.8 429.6 0.973 133-820A 11H-5 80-85 99.5 435.2 27.7 1.82 0.027 133-820A 11H-6 0-5 100.2 437.4 0.780 133-820A 11H-6 100-105 101.2 440.7 27.2 1.86 1.025 133-820A 12H-1 40-45 102.6 445.3 1.456 133-820A 12H-1 139-141 103.59 448.5 27.8 0.92 133-820A 12H-2 0-5 103.7 448.8 27.6 1.19 0.042 133-820A 12H-2 120-125 104.9 472.9 -0.172 133-820A 12H-3 100-105 106.2 500.0 28.1 1.12 1.241 133-820A 12H-5 40-45 108.6 515.4 27.6 1.5 1.127 133-820A 12H-5 79-81 108.99 517.3 27.7 1.3 133-820A 12H-6 0-5 109.7 520.7 1.238 133-820A 12H-7 0-5 111.2 527.9 27.9 1.36 -0.010 133-820A 13H-1 120-125 112.9 536.1 0.969 133-820A 13H-3 0-5 114.7 544.7 28.3 0.91 1.070 133-820A 13H-3 80-82 115.5 548.5 28.3 0.88 133-820A 13H-4 0-5 116.2 551.9 27.7 1.08 0.964 133-820A 13H-5 100-105 118.7 562.8 27.7 0.93 0.920 133-820A 13H-6 80-85 120 568.1 0.734 133-820A 14H-1 0-5 121.2 573.1 27.9 1.34 0.480 133-820A 14H-2 60-65 123.3 581.7 0.178 133-820A 14H-3 0-5 123.75 583.5 27.3 0.31 133-820A 14H-4 0-5 125.27 589.8 27.9 0.61 0.660 133-820A 14H-5 60-65 126.55 595.1 0.914 133-820A 14H-6 20-25 127.65 599.6 27.9 0.88 1.051 133-820A 14H-7 100-105 129.25 606.2 0.328 133-820A 15H-1 40-45 131.1 613.8 27.7 0.18 0.851 133-820A 15H-3 0-5 133.7 632.5 28 0.42 133-820A 15H-3 20-22 133.9 634.5 27.7 0.46 133-820A 15H-3 60-65 134.3 638.3 27.8 0.61 0.928 133-820B 15H-1 40-45 134.3 638.3 27.9 0.67 1.008 133-820B 15H-2 20-25 135.6 650.9 0.838 133-820B 15H-3 0-5 136.9 663.5 27.8 0.44 0.815 133-820B 15H-4 20-25 138.6 691.3 27.5 0.57 0.720 133-820B 15H-5 0-5 139.9 712.6 0.895 133-820B 15H-6 0-5 141.4 730.5 27.4 0.7 0.958 133-820B 15H-6 117-122 142.6 744.9 0.934 133-820B 16H-1 20-25 143.6 756.8 27.9 0.44 0.779 133-820B 16H-1 140-145 144.85 771.8 0.779 133-820B 16H-2 60-65 145.7 781.9 28.2 0.2 0.349 133-820B 16H-2 140-145 146.3 789.1 0.582 133-820B 16H-3 53-58 148.43 814.6 27.6 0.49 0.687