Eastern Equatorial Pacific MD02-2529 90KYr SST and SSS Reconstructions ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE CONTRIBUTORS WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Eastern Equatorial Pacific MD02-2529 90KYr SST and SSS Reconstructions LAST UPDATE: 1/2008 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTOR: Guillaume Leduc, CEREGE. IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2008-009 SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: Leduc, G., et al. 2008. Eastern Equatorial Pacific MD02-2529 90KYr SST and SSS Reconstructions. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2008-009. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Leduc, G., L. Vidal, K. Tachikawa, F. Rostek, C. Sonzogni, L. Beaufort, and E. Bard. 2007. Moisture transport across Central America as a positive feedback on abrupt climatic changes. Nature, Vol. 445, pp. 908-911, 22 February 2007. doi:10.1038/nature05578 ABSTRACT: Moisture transport from the Atlantic to the Pacific ocean across Central America leads to relatively high salinities in the North Atlantic Ocean and contributes to the formation of North Atlantic Deep Water. This deep water formation varied strongly between Dansgaard/Oeschger interstadials and Heinrich events - millennial-scale abrupt warm and cold events, respectively, during the last glacial period. Increases in the moisture transport across Central America have been proposed to coincide with northerly shifts of the Intertropical Convergence Zone and with Dansgaard/Oeschger interstadials, with opposite changes for Heinrich events. Here we reconstruct sea surface salinities in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean over the past 90,000 years by comparing palaeotemperature estimates from alkenones and Mg/Ca ratios with foraminiferal oxygen isotope ratios that vary with both temperature and salinity. We detect millennial-scale fluctuations of sea surface salinities in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean of up to two to four practical salinity units. High salinities are associated with the southward migration of the tropical Atlantic Intertropical Convergence Zone, coinciding with Heinrich events and with Greenland stadials. The amplitudes of these salinity variations are significantly larger on the Pacific side of the Panama isthmus, as inferred from a comparison of our data with a palaeoclimate record from the Caribbean basin. We conclude that millennial-scale fluctuations of moisture transport constitute an important feedback mechanism for abrupt climate changes, modulating the North Atlantic freshwater budget and hence North Atlantic Deep Water formation. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Eastern Equatorial Pacific PERIOD OF RECORD: 90 KYrBP - present DESCRIPTION: Alkenone and Globigerinoides ruber Mg/Ca and d18O data plus Sea Surface Temperature and Salinity reconstructions for core MD02-2529, Eastern Equatorial Pacific, over the last 90 KYr. Core Location: MD02-2529: 08º12.33'N, 84º07.32'W, 1619m water depth DATA: Column 1: Depth (cm) Column 2: Age (yr BP) Column 3: d18O Globigerinoides ruber (per mil) Column 4: Uk'37 Column 5: Uk'37 SST (ºC) Column 6: Mg/Ca (mmol/mol) Column 7: Mg/Ca SST (ºC) Column 8: d18O sw (permil vs. SMOW) Column 9: Dd18O (permil vs. SMOW) Column 10: Gr weight (ug/ind) Depth Age d18O Gr Uk'37 Uk'37 SST Mg/Ca Mg/Ca SST d18O sw Dd18O Gr weight 3 112 -3 0.954 28.7 0.16 0.16 10 372 -3 0.952 28.6 0.14 0.14 20 629 -2.7 0.961 29.1 0.53 0.53 30 858 -3.16 0.962 29.2 0.08 0.07 40 1088 -3.48 0.96 29.1 -0.27 -0.27 50 1317 -3.39 0.95 28.5 -0.26 -0.26 60 1546 -2.58 0.969 29.5 0.73 0.73 70 1775 -2.74 0.964 29.3 0.52 0.52 80 2004 -2.98 0.954 28.7 0.17 0.17 90 2233 -2.91 0.941 28.1 0.10 0.10 100 2462 -3.1 0.942 28.1 -0.07 -0.08 110 2691 -3.14 0.939 27.9 -0.15 -0.16 120 2920 -2.89 0.94 28 0.11 0.10 130 3150 -2.74 0.937 27.8 0.23 0.22 136 3287 3.8 27.6 140 3425 -3.18 0.941 28.1 -0.17 -0.18 148 3701 -3.01 0.939 27.9 -0.03 -0.04 160 4116 -2.64 0.957 28.9 0.55 0.53 170 4461 -3.04 0.94 28 -0.04 -0.06 176 4668 -2.88 0.936 27.8 0.07 0.06 190 5152 -2.6 0.932 27.6 0.31 0.28 200 5497 -2.33 0.923 27.1 0.48 0.46 210 5842 -2.39 0.938 27.9 0.59 0.56 220 6188 -2.82 0.925 27.2 0.02 -0.02 230 6533 -2.47 0.929 27.4 0.40 0.36 235 6705 0.924 27.2 240 6878 -2.51 0.33 0.28 250 7223 -2.71 0.928 27.4 0.16 0.10 260 7569 -2.68 0.941 28.1 0.33 0.26 270 7914 -2.68 0.939 27.9 0.31 0.23 280 8259 0.94 28 290 8605 -2.63 0.936 27.8 0.32 0.19 299 8915 0.935 27.7 303 9054 -2.26 0.934 27.7 0.67 0.50 314 9433 -2.17 0.938 27.9 0.79 0.59 323 9744 0.925 27.2 333 10089 0.92 26.9 343 10435 -2.37 0.936 27.8 0.58 0.27 353 10780 -2.23 0.924 27.2 0.59 0.24 359 10987 0.942 28.1 363 11175 -2.38 0.923 27.1 0.43 0.03 369 11468 -2.23 0.93 27.5 0.66 0.22 373 11663 -1.47 0.93 27.5 1.42 0.95 379 11955 -1.65 0.931 27.5 1.25 0.75 383 12150 -1.18 0.933 27.6 1.74 1.22 389 12443 -1.31 0.919 26.9 1.46 0.90 393 12638 -2.13 0.922 27.1 0.67 0.08 399 12930 -1.82 0.936 27.8 1.13 0.51 403 13125 -1.68 0.922 27.1 1.12 0.47 409 13420 -1.6 0.916 26.7 1.13 0.45 411 13522 -1.52 0.911 26.5 1.16 0.47 414 13674 -1.6 1.08 0.36 419 13927 -1.55 0.91 26.4 1.12 0.37 423 14129 -1.69 0.908 26.3 0.96 0.19 429 14433 -1.97 0.64 -0.15 429 14433 0.905 26.2 433 14635 -1.87 0.907 26.3 0.77 -0.04 439 14939 -1.72 0.912 26.5 0.98 0.14 443 15141 -1.54 0.912 26.5 1.15 0.29 449 15445 -1.16 0.91 26.4 1.51 0.63 453 15648 -1.04 0.913 26.6 1.66 0.76 455 15749 -1.22 1.44 0.54 459 15951 -1.25 0.903 26.1 1.34 0.43 463 16154 -0.82 0.902 26 1.77 0.84 465 16255 -0.78 1.79 0.86 469 16457 -0.96 0.9 25.9 1.60 0.66 473 16681 -1.34 0.902 26 3.65 27.2 1.24 0.29 13.03 475 16796 -0.84 1.76 0.80 479 17027 -0.99 0.905 26.2 1.62 0.65 483 17258 -1.28 0.903 26.1 1.31 0.34 14.45 485 17373 -0.81 1.79 0.81 489 17604 -0.74 0.903 26.1 1.85 0.86 493 17835 -1.06 0.903 26.1 1.53 0.53 13.61 495 17950 -1 1.59 0.59 14.23 499 18181 -0.96 0.901 25.9 3.05 25.2 1.61 0.61 13.62 503 18412 -1.28 0.894 25.6 3.02 25.1 1.21 0.20 13.66 505 18527 -0.9 1.55 0.54 509 18758 -1.49 0.884 25.1 0.90 -0.13 14.49 513 18989 -1.43 0.888 25.3 1.01 -0.02 13.97 515 19104 -1.13 1.33 0.30 519 19342 -1.35 0.895 25.6 1.16 0.13 523 19601 -1.24 0.891 25.4 1.22 0.19 13 525 19731 -0.38 2.14 1.10 11.37 529 19990 -0.79 0.908 26.3 1.86 0.82 13.15 533 20249 -1.23 0.906 26.2 1.40 0.36 534 20314 3.62 27.1 535 20379 -1.24 1.41 0.37 539 20638 -1.17 0.911 26.5 2.82 24.4 1.51 0.47 12.52 543 20897 -1.41 0.896 25.7 1.11 0.08 545 21027 -0.9 1.66 0.63 549 21286 -1.53 0.909 26.4 2.88 24.6 1.12 0.10 13.25 553 21545 -1.14 0.905 26.2 1.47 0.45 555 21675 -1.43 1.21 0.19 559 21934 -1.5 0.912 26.5 1.19 0.18 561 22063 -0.6 0.903 26.1 2.00 0.98 564 22258 -0.41 0.905 26.2 2.8 24.3 2.20 1.19 16.22 565 22322 -0.56 0.906 26.2 2.07 1.06 569 22582 -0.83 1.77 0.77 573 22841 -1.02 0.901 25.9 1.56 0.56 12.94 575 22970 -0.96 1.61 0.61 12.6 579 23229 -1.45 0.9 25.9 1.11 0.12 583 23489 -1.58 0.902 26 2.56 23.3 1.00 0.02 14.52 585 23618 -1.13 1.46 0.48 589 23877 -1.22 0.905 26.2 1.39 0.42 14.45 593 24152 -1.18 0.895 25.6 1.33 0.36 13.17 595 24294 -0.96 1.54 0.58 12.33 599 24577 -0.86 0.894 25.6 1.63 0.68 12.2 603 24861 -0.87 0.891 25.4 3.12 25.4 1.59 0.65 11.46 605 25003 -1.15 1.29 0.35 609 25286 -1.23 0.886 25.2 3.14 25.5 1.18 0.25 11.35 613 25570 -1.11 0.882 24.9 3.04 25.2 1.25 0.33 11.31 614 25641 3.25 25.9 615 25711 -1.37 0.97 0.06 619 25995 -1.18 0.875 24.6 3.11 25.4 1.11 0.21 9.45 623 26279 -1.42 0.895 25.6 3.2 25.7 1.08 0.20 11.5 625 26420 -1.04 1.46 0.58 629 26704 -1.18 0.892 25.5 3.07 25.3 1.29 0.42 10.79 633 26988 -1.2 0.896 25.7 1.31 0.46 635 27129 -0.94 1.51 0.66 639 27413 -1.25 0.879 24.8 1.08 0.25 643 27697 -1.12 0.886 25.2 1.29 0.47 645 27838 -0.89 1.53 0.71 649 28122 -1.38 0.89 25.4 1.07 0.27 653 28406 -1.12 0.891 25.4 1.34 0.56 655 28547 -1.57 0.89 0.12 659 28831 -1.62 0.891 25.4 0.84 0.09 663 29115 -1.26 0.901 25.9 1.31 0.57 665 29256 -1.03 1.55 0.81 14.13 669 29540 -0.71 0.904 26.1 1.90 1.17 673 29823 -1.55 0.906 26.2 1.08 0.36 675 29965 -0.84 1.72 1.01 679 30249 -1.11 0.886 25.2 1.30 0.60 683 30546 -1.25 0.883 25 1.13 0.44 685 30697 -0.44 1.95 1.26 688 30923 2.97 24.9 689 30999 -1.11 0.886 25.2 1.30 0.62 693 31300 -1.21 0.887 25.2 1.21 0.54 695 31450 -1.3 1.11 0.43 699 31751 -1.18 0.884 25.1 3.01 25.1 1.20 0.53 14.86 703 32053 -1.58 0.78 0.11 14.5 705 32203 -1.34 1.00 0.34 13.37 709 32504 -1.99 0.878 24.7 0.33 -0.34 16.27 711 32655 -1.48 0.887 25.2 0.94 0.27 12.76 715 32956 -1.34 0.89 25.4 1.11 0.44 719 33257 -0.89 0.888 25.3 3.33 26.2 1.53 0.86 14.26 723 33558 -1.41 0.893 25.5 1.08 0.41 15.62 725 33708 -1.6 0.87 0.19 729 34009 -1.14 0.888 25.3 1.29 0.62 733 34310 -1.38 0.905 26.2 1.24 0.56 12.23 735 34461 -1.01 1.60 0.93 739 34762 -1.51 0.904 26.1 1.09 0.41 743 35063 -1.92 3.53 26.8 0.69 0.01 14.9 745 35213 -1.75 0.87 0.19 749 35515 -1.7 0.906 26.2 0.93 0.25 753 35816 -1.94 0.905 26.2 0.68 0.00 14.67 755 35966 -1.16 1.45 0.78 759 36267 -1.51 0.903 26.1 1.08 0.42 763 36568 -1.41 0.899 25.8 1.14 0.48 15.1 765 36719 -0.92 1.64 0.99 12.47 769 37020 -1.27 0.902 26 1.32 0.69 773 37321 -1 0.91 26.4 1.67 1.07 15.87 775 37471 -1.1 1.59 0.99 779 37772 -1.25 0.913 26.6 1.45 0.87 783 38073 -1.56 0.919 26.9 3.87 27.8 1.21 0.64 12.16 785 38224 -1.38 1.38 0.82 789 38525 -1.94 0.917 26.8 0.81 0.26 12.17 793 38799 -1.62 0.924 27.2 1.20 0.66 13 795 38927 -1.86 0.97 0.43 799 39184 -0.75 0.924 27.2 3.77 27.5 2.07 1.54 13.72 803 39442 -1 0.918 26.8 1.76 1.24 805 39570 -1.13 1.62 1.09 809 39827 -0.99 0.914 26.6 1.73 1.19 813 40085 -1.16 0.906 26.2 1.47 0.92 13.12 815 40213 -1.31 1.30 0.76 819 40470 -1.65 0.903 26.1 0.95 0.39 13.27 823 40728 -1.4 0.9 25.9 1.17 0.60 825 40856 -1.29 1.24 0.67 829 41113 -1.34 0.89 25.4 1.11 0.54 830 41178 -1.35 0.898 25.8 3.04 25.2 1.19 0.61 13.6 834 41435 -1.16 0.908 26.3 1.49 0.90 835 41499 -1.41 1.21 0.62 839 41756 -1.7 0.896 25.7 0.82 0.22 15.41 843 42014 -1.49 0.9 25.9 1.07 0.46 845 42142 -1.33 1.22 0.61 849 42399 -1.47 0.897 25.7 1.05 0.43 853 42656 -1.25 0.902 26 1.33 0.70 855 42785 -1.56 0.99 0.36 859 43042 -1.42 0.892 25.5 1.06 0.43 863 43299 -1.23 0.891 25.4 1.23 0.60 12.94 865 43428 -1.26 1.14 0.51 869 43685 -1.62 0.874 24.5 0.66 0.02 873 43942 -1.21 0.875 24.6 1.08 0.44 875 44071 -1.17 1.11 0.47 879 44328 -1.67 0.873 24.5 0.60 -0.04 883 44585 -1.43 0.873 24.5 2.79 24.2 0.84 0.20 14.75 885 44714 -1.56 0.69 0.06 889 44971 -1.39 0.871 24.4 0.85 0.22 893 45228 -1.66 0.873 24.5 0.61 -0.02 895 45357 -1.46 0.78 0.16 899 45614 -1.84 0.868 24.2 0.37 -0.26 903 45871 -1.79 0.887 25.2 3.19 25.7 0.63 0.01 13.09 905 46000 -1.52 0.88 0.26 909 46311 -1.22 0.882 24.9 1.14 0.52 913 46622 -1.06 0.885 25.1 1.34 0.72 915 46778 -0.93 1.50 0.88 919 47089 -1.63 0.894 25.6 0.86 0.24 923 47400 -1.16 0.895 25.6 1.35 0.73 925 47556 -1.51 1.01 0.39 929 47867 0.899 25.8 933 48178 -1.36 0.898 25.8 1.18 0.55 935 48333 -1.52 1.03 0.40 939 48644 -1.58 0.901 25.9 0.99 0.37 943 48956 -1.32 0.898 25.8 1.21 0.59 14.06 945 49111 -1.27 1.26 0.64 949 49422 -1.66 0.896 25.7 0.85 0.24 953 49733 -1.67 0.891 25.4 0.79 0.18 13.79 955 49889 -1.51 0.99 0.38 959 50200 -1.91 0.902 26 0.67 0.07 12.26 963 50511 -1.54 0.908 26.3 1.10 0.50 965 50667 -1.96 0.69 0.09 969 50978 -1.99 0.908 26.3 0.66 0.07 973 51289 -1.69 0.907 26.3 0.95 0.36 14.63 975 51444 -1.82 0.82 0.23 979 51756 -1.9 0.907 26.3 3.57 26.9 0.74 0.17 15.15 984 52144 -2.06 0.906 26.2 3.4 26.4 0.57 0.03 10.32 989 52533 -2.15 0.903 26.1 0.45 -0.07 993 52844 -1.97 0.904 26.1 3.84 27.7 0.63 0.14 9 995 53000 -2 0.60 0.12 999 53333 -1.89 0.902 26 0.70 0.22 1003 53667 -1.65 0.902 26 0.93 0.47 8.56 1005 53833 -1.62 0.96 0.50 1009 54167 -1.73 0.902 26 0.85 0.40 1013 54500 -1.43 0.905 26.2 3.43 26.5 1.18 0.74 10.19 1015 54667 -1.58 1.07 0.62 1019 55000 -1.82 0.913 26.6 0.89 0.43 1023 55333 -1.54 0.911 26.5 1.14 0.68 9.35 1025 55500 -1.31 1.39 0.93 1029 55833 -0.91 0.916 26.7 1.82 1.35 1033 56167 -1.62 0.917 26.8 1.13 0.65 9.41 1035 56333 -1.87 0.92 0.43 1039 56667 -1.74 0.928 27.4 1.13 0.64 1043 57000 -1.54 0.926 27.3 1.30 0.80 11.55 1045 57167 -1.79 1.06 0.55 1049 57500 -1.86 0.925 27.2 0.98 0.46 1051 57667 -1.78 1.06 0.55 1053 57833 -0.83 0.927 27.3 3.56 26.9 2.03 1.52 8.35 1055 58000 -0.8 2.04 1.54 1059 58269 -1.06 0.923 27.1 1.75 1.26 1063 58538 -1.36 0.915 26.7 3.72 27.4 1.36 0.88 13.18 1065 58672 -0.84 1.87 1.39 1069 58941 -0.75 0.912 26.5 1.95 1.47 1073 59210 -0.77 0.913 26.6 3.81 27.6 1.94 1.47 16.41 1075 59345 -0.59 2.10 1.64 1079 59613 -0.95 0.909 26.4 1.71 1.26 1083 59882 -0.59 0.907 26.3 3.48 26.6 2.05 1.61 13.62 1085 60017 -1.09 1.50 1.07 1089 60286 -1.1 0.894 25.6 1.39 0.98 1093 60555 -0.75 0.905 26.2 1.86 1.45 1095 60689 -0.66 1.95 1.53 1099 60958 -1.25 0.903 26.1 1.35 0.92 1103 61227 -1.31 0.907 26.3 1.32 0.89 1105 61361 -1.17 1.47 1.03 1109 61630 -1.34 0.908 26.3 1.30 0.85 1113 61899 -1.32 0.909 26.4 1.33 0.87 1115 62034 -1.23 1.43 0.97 1119 62303 -1.86 0.909 26.4 0.80 0.30 1123 62571 -1.68 0.911 26.5 1.00 0.47 1125 62706 -1.54 1.13 0.59 1127 62840 0.91 26.4 1128 62908 -1.75 0.906 26.2 0.88 0.31 1130 63042 0.911 26.5 1134 63311 -1.44 1.22 0.61 1137 63513 -1.22 0.908 26.3 1.43 0.80 1140 63714 0.899 25.8 1144 63983 -0.99 0.906 26.2 1.64 0.98 1149 64319 0.908 26.3 1151 64454 -1.7 0.903 26.1 0.91 0.22 1160 65059 0.911 26.5 1164 65328 0.893 25.5 1165 65395 0.905 26.2 1169 65664 -1.3 1.25 0.53 1174 66000 -1.63 0.891 25.4 0.83 0.12 1180 66603 -1.26 0.906 26.2 1.37 0.66 1184 67005 -1.49 0.896 25.7 1.03 0.33 1190 67608 -1.66 0.908 26.3 0.99 0.31 1194 68010 -1.28 0.909 26.4 1.38 0.71 1200 68612 -1.64 0.9 25.9 0.92 0.26 1204 69014 -1.81 0.912 26.5 0.89 0.23 1210 69617 0.908 26.3 1214 70019 -1.85 0.912 26.5 0.84 0.20 1220 70622 0.919 26.9 1224 71024 -1.65 0.903 26.1 0.94 0.32 1230 71627 0.89 25.4 1234 72029 0.896 25.7 1240 72632 -1.79 0.914 26.6 0.92 0.37 1244 73033 -0.88 0.907 26.3 1.75 1.25 1250 73636 0.909 26.4 1254 74038 -1.71 0.917 26.8 1.03 0.66 1260 74641 0.917 26.8 1264 75043 -1.85 0.909 26.4 0.81 0.46 1270 75646 0.916 26.7 1275 76148 -1.6 0.917 26.8 1.15 0.83 1279 76550 -1.76 1.00 0.69 1283 76952 0.92 26.9 1289 77555 -2.35 0.43 0.16 1293 77957 -1.57 0.92 26.9 1.21 0.97 1299 78560 -2.08 0.66 0.44 1303 78962 -1.66 0.914 26.6 1.06 0.86 1309 79565 -1.79 0.91 0.73 1313 79967 -1.47 0.912 26.5 1.22 1.06 1323 80971 -1.7 0.918 26.8 1.06 0.90 1329 81574 -1.75 1.00 0.84 1334 82077 -1.95 0.918 26.8 0.82 0.65 1339 82579 -1.62 1.16 0.98 1343 82981 -1.87 0.921 27 0.92 0.73 1349 83584 -1.43 1.49 1.27 1353 83986 -1.76 0.941 28.1 1.25 1.00 1359 84589 -2.15 0.82 0.54 1363 84990 -1.19 0.935 27.7 1.76 1.46 1369 85593 -1.29 1.59 1.25 1373 85995 -1.41 0.925 27.2 1.42 1.07 1379 86598 -2.11 0.75 0.37 1383 87000 -1.71 0.929 27.4 1.17 0.78 1389 87700 -1.33 1.50 1.08 1393 88167 -1.87 0.921 27 0.92 0.51 1403 89334 0.945 28.3