Pliocene Oxygen Isotope Record, ODP 662 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE CONTRIBUTORS WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Pliocene Oxygen Isotope Record, ODP 662 LAST UPDATE: 2/2007 (Original Receipt by WDCA Paleo) CONTRIBUTOR: Mudelsee, M. IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2007-022 SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: Mudelsee and Raymo, 2007, Pliocene Oxygen Isotope Record, ODP 662 IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series #2007-022. NOAA/NGDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE(S) (OXYGEN ISOTOPE DATA): Lisiecki, L. E., and M. E. Raymo (2005), A Plio-Pleistocene stack of 57 globally distributed benthic d18O records. Paleoceanography, 20, PA1003, doi:10.1029/2004PA001071. ORIGINAL REFERENCE (TIMESCALE): Mudelsee, M., and M.E. Raymo, 2005. Slow dynamics of the Northern Hemisphere Glaciation. Paleoceanography 20, 4, PA4022 (doi: 10.1029/2005PA001153). GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Atlantic Ocean PERIOD OF RECORD: 2 Myr to 4 Myr before the present DESCRIPTION: Oxygen isotope record, adjusted to seawater d18O level. See ORIGINAL REFERENCE(S) (OXYGEN ISOTOPE DATA) and Mudelsee, M., and M.E. Raymo, 2005. Slow dynamics of the Northern Hemisphere Glaciation. Paleoceanography 20, 4, PA4022 (doi: 10.1029/2005PA001153). CORE NAME: ODP 662 LOCATION LATITUDE: 1 deg 23' S LOCATION LONGITUDE: 11 deg 44' W WATER DEPTH: 3821 m FORAMINIFERA: Cibicidoides spp. HABITAT: benthic ADJUSTMENT: original d18O + 0.64 per mil NUMBER OF DATA POINTS: 432 ABSTRACT: Unraveling the dynamics of the Northern Hemisphere Glaciation (NHG) in the Pliocene is a key step toward a quantitative theory of the climate transition from a greenhouse to an icehouse world. Extracting the ice-volume signal from marine oxygen isotope (d18O) records corrupted with 'temperature noise' can be accomplished using statistical time series analysis. We use 45 d18O records from benthic and planktonic foraminifera and globally distributed sites to reconstruct the dynamics of NHG initiation. We compare d18O amplitudes with those of temperature proxy records and estimate a global ice-volume related increase of 0.4 per mil, equivalent to an overall sea-level lowering of 43 meters. We find the NHG started significantly earlier than previously assumed, as early as 3.6 Myr, and ended at 2.4 Myr. This long-term increase points to slow, tectonic forcing such as closing of ocean gateways or mountain building, as the root cause of the NHG. (Mudelsee, M., and M.E. Raymo, 2005. Paleoceanography 20, 4, PA4022 (doi: 10.1029/2005PA001153).) FUNDING SOURCE: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Bonn, Germany (MU 1595/2). CONTACT: Dr. Manfred Mudelsee Climate Risk Analysis Wasserweg 2 06114 Halle (S) Germany Telephone: +49 (0)345 5323860 Email: mudelsee@climate-risk-analysis.com URL: http://www.climate-risk-analysis.com DATA: Core Depth Age d18O (m) (kyr) (per mil) 122.8900 1998.595 3.460 123.0100 2000.865 3.590 123.0900 2002.378 3.540 123.1600 2003.703 3.320 123.3100 2006.541 3.560 123.4900 2009.946 4.190 123.6100 2012.216 3.960 123.7000 2013.919 4.030 123.7900 2015.622 3.780 123.9100 2017.892 3.520 123.9900 2019.405 3.900 124.0900 2021.297 4.020 124.2100 2023.568 3.890 124.3000 2025.270 3.960 124.5100 2029.243 3.780 124.5900 2030.757 3.640 124.6600 2032.081 3.230 124.8100 2034.919 3.550 124.8900 2036.432 3.360 124.9900 2038.324 3.490 125.1100 2040.595 3.600 125.2000 2042.297 3.440 138.2900 2272.482 3.165 138.4500 2275.069 3.830 138.5300 2276.362 3.690 139.3500 2289.616 3.760 139.5300 2292.526 3.570 139.6500 2294.466 3.460 139.7300 2295.759 3.340 139.8000 2296.890 3.170 139.9500 2299.315 3.620 140.0300 2300.608 3.400 140.2500 2304.164 3.750 140.4300 2307.074 3.810 140.5500 2309.014 4.080 140.6300 2310.307 3.670 140.7300 2311.923 4.180 140.8500 2313.863 3.800 141.0300 2316.773 3.940 141.1500 2318.712 4.220 141.2300 2320.005 3.910 141.3000 2321.137 3.780 141.6300 2326.471 4.170 141.7500 2328.411 3.700 141.9300 2331.321 3.860 142.0500 2333.260 3.570 142.1300 2334.553 3.640 142.2300 2336.170 3.420 142.3500 2338.110 3.120 142.5300 2341.019 3.230 142.6500 2342.959 3.010 142.7300 2344.252 3.130 142.8000 2345.384 3.240 142.9500 2347.808 3.910 143.0300 2349.101 3.570 143.1300 2350.718 4.130 143.2500 2352.657 4.020 143.4300 2355.567 3.890 143.6300 2358.800 3.870 143.7300 2360.417 3.795 143.8500 2362.356 3.770 144.0300 2365.266 3.700 144.1500 2367.206 3.680 144.2300 2368.499 3.560 144.4500 2372.055 3.300 144.5300 2373.348 3.230 144.6300 2374.964 3.300 144.7500 2376.904 3.250 144.9300 2379.814 3.130 145.0500 2381.753 3.180 145.1300 2383.047 3.210 145.2300 2384.663 3.290 145.3500 2386.603 3.470 145.5300 2389.512 3.530 145.6500 2391.452 3.450 145.7300 2392.745 3.500 145.8000 2393.877 3.560 145.9500 2396.301 3.580 146.0300 2397.594 3.480 146.1300 2399.211 3.400 146.2500 2401.151 3.330 146.3500 2402.767 3.210 146.4500 2404.384 3.340 146.5700 2406.323 3.415 146.6800 2408.101 3.660 146.7800 2409.718 3.890 146.8600 2411.011 4.180 146.9600 2412.627 4.150 147.0800 2414.567 4.120 147.2600 2417.477 4.120 147.3800 2419.417 4.090 147.4600 2420.709 4.080 147.5600 2422.326 4.100 147.6800 2424.266 4.250 147.8600 2427.175 4.085 148.0600 2430.408 3.960 148.1300 2431.540 3.770 148.2600 2433.641 3.880 148.3600 2435.258 3.770 148.4600 2436.874 3.880 148.5800 2438.814 3.510 148.7600 2441.723 3.650 148.8800 2443.663 3.210 149.5600 2454.655 3.320 149.6200 2455.625 3.460 149.7900 2458.373 3.860 149.8400 2459.181 3.760 149.9900 2461.605 3.960 150.0800 2463.060 4.120 150.2600 2467.300 4.170 150.3800 2471.900 4.090 150.4600 2474.967 3.870 150.5600 2478.800 3.880 150.6800 2483.400 3.670 150.8500 2489.917 3.090 151.2800 2506.400 3.320 151.3600 2509.467 3.550 151.4600 2513.219 3.500 151.5800 2517.656 3.610 151.7600 2524.312 4.185 151.8800 2528.749 4.330 151.9600 2531.707 4.080 152.0600 2535.405 4.050 152.1800 2539.842 3.960 152.3600 2546.498 3.910 152.5600 2553.893 3.560 152.6300 2556.481 3.640 152.7800 2562.028 3.230 152.8600 2564.986 3.320 152.9600 2568.684 3.170 153.0800 2573.121 3.110 153.2600 2579.777 2.970 153.3800 2584.214 3.230 153.4600 2587.172 3.230 153.5600 2590.870 3.430 153.6800 2595.307 3.480 153.8600 2601.963 3.660 154.0600 2609.358 3.540 154.1300 2611.947 3.540 154.2800 2617.493 3.270 154.4600 2624.149 3.285 154.5800 2628.586 3.270 154.7600 2635.242 3.096 154.8800 2639.679 3.150 154.9600 2642.637 3.160 155.0600 2646.335 3.270 155.1800 2650.772 3.340 155.3600 2657.428 3.420 155.4600 2661.125 3.910 155.5400 2664.084 3.860 155.6300 2667.412 3.840 155.7400 2671.479 3.740 155.8400 2675.177 3.640 155.9500 2679.244 3.550 156.0500 2682.942 3.500 156.1500 2686.640 3.280 156.3500 2694.035 3.320 156.4500 2697.733 2.990 156.5500 2701.430 3.060 156.6500 2705.128 3.100 156.7500 2708.826 3.000 156.8500 2712.523 3.030 156.9500 2716.221 3.090 157.0500 2719.919 3.200 157.1300 2722.877 3.470 157.1900 2725.095 2.960 157.3100 2729.532 2.950 157.4900 2736.188 2.990 157.6100 2740.625 3.270 157.6900 2743.584 3.350 157.7900 2747.281 3.700 157.9100 2751.719 3.860 158.0900 2758.375 3.860 158.2100 2762.812 3.920 158.2900 2765.770 3.730 158.3700 2768.728 3.675 158.5100 2773.905 3.560 158.5900 2776.863 3.500 158.8100 2784.998 3.510 158.9900 2791.654 3.560 159.1100 2796.091 3.810 159.1900 2799.049 3.660 159.2900 2802.747 3.850 159.4100 2807.184 3.910 159.5900 2813.840 3.970 159.7100 2818.277 3.920 159.7900 2821.235 3.910 159.8400 2823.084 3.765 160.0100 2829.242 3.665 160.0900 2831.182 3.670 160.1800 2833.364 3.570 160.3100 2836.516 3.540 160.4900 2840.880 3.520 160.6100 2843.790 3.370 160.6900 2845.729 3.190 160.7900 2848.154 3.190 160.9100 2851.063 3.095 161.0900 2855.427 3.000 161.2100 2858.337 3.020 161.2900 2860.276 3.050 161.3700 2862.216 3.030 161.5100 2865.610 3.090 161.5900 2867.550 3.150 161.6900 2869.975 3.150 161.8100 2872.884 3.550 161.9900 2877.248 3.410 162.1100 2880.157 3.340 162.1900 2882.097 3.210 162.2900 2884.522 3.290 162.4100 2887.431 3.350 162.5900 2891.795 3.080 162.7100 2894.705 3.050 162.7900 2896.644 3.100 162.8700 2898.584 3.060 163.0100 2901.978 3.240 163.0900 2903.918 3.060 163.1900 2906.343 3.070 163.3100 2909.252 3.150 163.4900 2913.616 3.545 163.6100 2916.525 3.610 163.6900 2918.465 3.640 163.7900 2920.890 3.600 163.9100 2923.799 3.530 164.0900 2928.163 3.370 164.2100 2931.073 3.220 164.2900 2933.012 2.860 164.3700 2934.952 3.140 164.5100 2938.346 2.960 164.5900 2940.286 3.080 164.8100 2945.620 3.130 164.9900 2949.984 3.390 165.1100 2952.893 3.410 165.1900 2954.833 3.520 165.2900 2957.258 3.400 165.4100 2960.167 3.430 165.5900 2964.531 3.270 165.7100 2967.441 3.190 165.7900 2969.380 3.060 166.0100 2974.714 3.350 166.0900 2976.654 3.210 166.2900 2981.503 3.320 166.3900 2983.927 3.210 166.5000 2986.594 3.390 166.5900 2988.776 3.340 166.6900 2991.201 3.270 166.7900 2993.625 3.300 166.8900 2996.050 3.110 166.9900 2998.475 3.070 167.0900 3000.899 3.080 167.1900 3003.323 3.180 167.2900 3005.748 3.130 167.4000 3008.415 3.230 167.4400 3009.385 3.290 167.5600 3012.294 3.230 167.6400 3014.234 3.180 167.7400 3016.658 3.360 167.8600 3019.568 3.580 168.0400 3023.932 3.690 168.1600 3026.842 3.310 168.2400 3028.781 3.080 168.3100 3030.478 2.890 168.4600 3034.115 2.860 168.5400 3036.055 2.690 168.6400 3038.479 2.860 168.7600 3041.389 3.100 168.9400 3045.753 2.950 169.0600 3048.662 3.105 169.1400 3050.602 3.320 169.2400 3053.026 3.500 169.3600 3055.936 3.300 169.5400 3060.300 3.000 169.6600 3063.209 2.990 169.7400 3065.149 3.120 169.9600 3070.483 3.380 170.0400 3072.423 3.430 170.1400 3074.847 3.490 170.2600 3077.757 3.570 170.4400 3082.121 3.310 170.5600 3085.030 3.510 170.6400 3086.970 3.370 170.7400 3089.394 3.220 170.8600 3092.304 3.320 171.0400 3096.668 3.075 171.1600 3099.577 3.075 171.2400 3101.517 3.140 171.3100 3103.214 3.230 171.4600 3106.851 3.470 171.5400 3108.791 3.200 171.6400 3111.215 2.960 171.7600 3114.125 2.810 171.9400 3118.489 2.830 172.0600 3121.398 3.160 172.1400 3123.338 3.040 172.2400 3125.762 2.960 172.3600 3128.672 2.950 172.5400 3133.036 3.030 172.6600 3135.945 3.080 172.7400 3137.885 3.150 172.8100 3139.582 3.150 172.9600 3143.219 3.090 173.0400 3145.158 3.120 173.1400 3147.583 3.060 173.2600 3150.492 3.200 173.5600 3157.766 3.260 173.6400 3159.706 3.300 173.7400 3162.130 3.280 173.8600 3165.040 3.400 174.0400 3169.404 3.330 174.1600 3172.313 3.100 174.2400 3174.253 2.830 174.3100 3175.950 2.720 174.4600 3179.587 2.870 174.5400 3181.526 2.960 174.6400 3183.951 3.040 174.7600 3186.860 3.110 174.9400 3191.225 3.010 175.0600 3194.134 3.140 175.1400 3196.073 3.020 175.2400 3198.498 3.110 175.3600 3201.407 3.150 175.5400 3205.772 2.970 175.6600 3208.681 2.840 175.7400 3210.621 2.910 175.8100 3212.318 3.020 175.9600 3215.955 2.990 176.1400 3220.319 2.890 176.4200 3227.108 3.110 176.5200 3229.532 3.080 176.6200 3231.957 3.000 176.7000 3233.896 3.060 176.8200 3236.806 3.040 176.9200 3239.230 2.990 177.0200 3241.655 3.210 177.1200 3244.079 3.200 177.2200 3246.504 3.260 177.3000 3248.443 3.010 177.4200 3251.353 2.960 177.5200 3253.777 3.020 177.6200 3256.202 3.180 177.7200 3258.626 2.930 177.8000 3260.566 2.930 177.8900 3262.748 2.920 177.9900 3265.173 2.940 178.0900 3267.597 2.980 178.1900 3270.022 3.020 178.2900 3272.446 2.980 178.3900 3274.871 3.170 178.4900 3277.295 3.190 178.5900 3279.720 3.190 178.6900 3282.144 3.235 178.7900 3284.569 3.060 178.8900 3286.993 3.150 178.9900 3289.418 3.100 179.0900 3291.843 3.160 179.1900 3294.267 3.050 179.2800 3296.449 3.110 179.4400 3300.328 3.150 179.5200 3302.268 2.950 179.6200 3304.692 3.680 179.7400 3307.602 3.610 179.9200 3311.966 3.710 180.0400 3314.875 3.650 180.1200 3316.815 3.720 180.2200 3319.240 3.470 180.3400 3322.149 4.070 180.5200 3326.513 3.415 180.6400 3329.423 3.050 180.7200 3331.362 3.290 180.7900 3333.059 3.170 180.9400 3336.696 2.985 181.0200 3338.636 2.950 181.1200 3341.060 3.050 181.2400 3343.970 3.210 181.4200 3348.334 3.270 181.5400 3351.243 3.100 181.7200 3355.608 3.460 181.8400 3358.517 3.190 181.9300 3360.699 3.340 182.0200 3362.881 3.200 182.1400 3365.791 3.120 182.2200 3367.730 3.040 182.2900 3369.427 3.060 182.4400 3373.064 3.000 182.5200 3375.004 3.060 182.6200 3377.428 3.310 182.7400 3380.338 3.260 182.8300 3382.520 3.305 182.9200 3384.702 3.290 183.0400 3387.611 3.240 183.1200 3389.551 3.280 183.3400 3394.885 2.960 183.4300 3397.067 3.100 183.6400 3402.158 3.090 183.7900 3405.795 3.030 183.9400 3409.432 3.020 184.0200 3411.372 2.875 184.1200 3413.796 2.880 184.2400 3416.706 2.770 184.3300 3418.888 2.900 184.4200 3421.070 3.070 184.5400 3423.979 3.110 184.6200 3425.919 2.860 184.7200 3428.344 2.670 184.8400 3431.253 2.770 184.9600 3434.162 2.770 185.4400 3445.800 2.860 185.5200 3447.740 2.810 185.6200 3450.164 2.840 185.7400 3453.073 2.940 185.8300 3455.256 3.070 185.9200 3457.438 3.130 186.0400 3460.347 3.010 186.1200 3462.287 3.010 186.2200 3464.711 3.030 186.3400 3467.621 2.800 186.4300 3469.803 2.680 186.5200 3471.985 2.830 186.6400 3474.894 2.980 186.7200 3476.834 2.940 186.7900 3478.531 2.580 186.9400 3482.168 2.730 187.0200 3484.108 2.780 187.1200 3486.532 3.010 187.4400 3494.291 3.090 187.5200 3496.230 3.070 187.6200 3498.655 3.150 187.7400 3501.564 3.020 187.8300 3503.746 3.160 187.9200 3505.928 3.010 188.0400 3508.838 3.020 188.1200 3510.777 2.960 188.2200 3513.202 2.930