Cenozoic Seawater Sulfate Sulfur Isotopic Data ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE CONTRIBUTORS WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Cenozoic Seawater Sulfate Sulfur Isotopic Data LAST UPDATE: 8/2006 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTOR: Adina Paytan, Stanford University IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2006-076 SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: Paytan, A. et al. 2006. Cenozoic Seawater Sulfate Sulfur Isotopic Data. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2006-076. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Paytan, A., M. Kastner, D. Campbell, and M.H. Thiemens. 1998. Sulfur Isotopic Composition of Cenozoic Seawater Sulfate. Science, Vol. 282, pp. 1459 - 1462, 20 November 1998. ABSTRACT: A continuous seawater sulfate sulfur isotope curve for the Cenozoic with a resolution of ~1 million years was generated using marine barite. The sulfur isotopic composition decreased from 19 to 17 per mil between 65 and 55 million years ago, increased abruptly from 17 to 22 per mil between 55 and 45 million years ago, remained nearly constant from 35 to ~2 million years ago, and has decreased by 0.8 per mil during the past 2 million years. A comparison between seawater sulfate and marine carbonate carbon isotope records reveals no clear systematic coupling between the sulfur and carbon cycles over one to several millions of years, indicating that changes in the burial rate of pyrite sulfur and organic carbon did not singularly control the atmospheric oxygen content over short time intervals in the Cenozoic. This finding has implications for the modeling of controls on atmospheric oxygen concentration. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Global PERIOD OF RECORD: 65 Million Years BP - present FUNDING SOURCE: National Science Foundation (USA) grant EAR-9628479. DESCRIPTION: Marine barite was used for the construction of the seawater sulfate S isotope record. Marine barite was separated from more than 20 Holocene core-top sediments from the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans, as well as from six Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) cores spanning the last 65 million years (My). DATA: Cenozoic Seawater Sulfate d34S data, per mil vs Canyon Diablo Troilite standard. Sample Age d34S 1N 0.001 20.98 1S 0.001 21.29 2S 0.001 21.43 1N 0.001 21.13 2S 0.001 21.13 1S 63-7 0.0000001 20.86 1 south 0.001 21.05 Pc 72 0.4 20.9 572A 1-3 0.237 21.21 572A 4-3 2.277 22.02 572A 8-3 4.552 22.24 572A 12-3 5.4 22.05 572A 16-3 6.231 22.34 572D 2-2dup 6.675 22.32 572D 7-2 7.854 22.25 572D 9-3 9.5 22.1 572D 12-2dup 11.167 22.17 572D 18-2 12.537 22.72 572D 18-2dup 12.537 22.69 572D 20-2 12.774 22.7 574A 2-3 1.937 22.02 574A 2-3 1.937 22 574A 5-3 5.735 21.96 574A 7-3 7.637 21.76 574A 7-3 7.637 21.96 574A 9-4 10.1 21.9 574A 12-3 12.4 22.1 574A 19-7 14.95 22.1 574C 5-4 18.132 21.9 574C 11-3 20.138 21.56 574C 13-4 dup 21.079 22.01 574C 17-1 23.547 21.9 574C 17-5 24.144 21.86 574C 19-2 25.679 21.7 574C 20-2 26.363 21.9 574C 20-2dup 26.363 21.79 574C 20-2 26.363 21.41 574C 22-3 28.445 21.26 574C 24-4dup 29.058 21.52 574C 24-4 29.058 21.35 574C 27-2 dup 30.921 21.39 574C 30-2 32.5 21.6 574C 31-1 33.62 21.99 574C 33-2 34.95 22.43 574C 33-2 dup 34.95 22.5 574C 35-2 36.306 22.5 574C 35-2 dup 36.306 22.53 575B 1 3.5 21.9 575B 3 9 21.8 575B 4 12.5 21.9 575B 4-3 12.488 21.96 575B 4-6 12.6 21.98 575B 4-6 12.782 22.24 575B 5-3 125 13 22.18 575B 5-6 13.274 22.09 575B 6-5 13.717 22 575B 7-2 14.054 21.73 575B 9-2 dup 14.983 21.97 575B 12-2 16.195 21.96 575B 12-2 16.195 21.79 575B 14-4 17.043 22.09 575A 16 19 21.8 575A 33 22.2 22 366 10-2 34.1 21.4 366 10-2 34.4 22.64 366 12-2 35.2 22.16 366 14-2 35.8 22.14 366 16-2 38.7 22.51 366 20-2 39.5 22.47 366 21 40.7 22.2 366 22-2 41 22.1 366 24-3 42.5 22.4 366 27 45.3 22.2 366 30 47.1 22 366 32-2 49.1 19.43 366 34-2 49.7 21.6 366 34-2 49.7 21.55 366 36-2 50.2 20.3 366 38-2 50.7 19.16 366 38-2 50.8 18.09 366 42-2 53.8 17.72 366 42-2 53.8 17.76 366 43-2 55.4 17.27 366 45-2 55.8 18.02 305 7-2 24.6 21.72 305 7-2 24.8 21.58 305 8-2 31 21.74 305 9-2 32.5 21.77 305 9-4 33.9 21.6 305-9-6 35.4 22.2 305 10-2dup 36 22.37 305 10-2 dup 36 21.94 305 10-4 37.5 22.3 305 10-6 39 22.05 305 10-6 39 21.95 305 11-2 13-16 50 19.16 305 12-2 27.31 52 18.02 305 12-2 27.31 52 18.04 305 13-2 15-18 55.45 17.42 305 14-2 63-67 58 18.35 305 14-2 dup 58 18.21 577 5-4 85-87 3.578 21.58 577 6-4 4.85 21.78 577 7-4 80 5.9 21.63 577 7-6 34.5 21.81 577 8-4 70-80 49.7 19.31 577 9-4 8-15 52.818 17.4 577 9-4 8 52.818 17.51 577 9-6 18-23 53.7 17.21 577 9-6cc 55.5 17.19 577 10-4 17-25 56.53 17.72 577 10-6 5-13 57.2 17.55 577 11-1 8-12 57.9 17.95 577 11-1dup 57.9 18.03 577 11 3 96-100 59.6 18.15 577-11-6 110-11 62.2 18.6 577 12-1 61-69 62.4 19.09 577 12-1 101-10 62.49 19.05 577 12-1 104-10 62.5 19.18 577 12-2 60-70 62.5 19.55 577 12-3 63.861 19.38 577 12-3 125-12 64.0147 18.81 577 12-3 125-13 64.0147 19.19 577 12-4 70-76 64.2082 18.96 577 12-4 132-14 64.32 19.04 577 12-5 50-58 64.57585 19 577 12-5 80-87 64.69195 19.04 577 12-5 80-87 64.692 19.24 577 12-5 96-105 64.752 18.93 577 12-6 60-70 64.9745 19.37