# Southern Ocean Boron isotope data on uranium-thorium dated D. dianthus deep sea corals over the last 40,000 years #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, online resource and date accessed when using this data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigator, title, online resource and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25230 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/rae2018/rae2018.txt # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Archive: Paleoceanography # # Dataset_DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: Geochemistry, Trace metals in carbonates #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2018-09-24 #--------------------------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2018-09-24 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Southern Ocean Boron isotope data on uranium-thorium dated D. dianthus deep sea corals over the last 40,000 years #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Rae, James; Burke, Andrea; Robinson, Laura; Adkins, Jess; Chen, Tianyu; Cole, Catherine; Greenop, Rosanna; Li, Tao; Littley, Eloise; Nita, Dan; Stewart, Joseph A.; Taylor, Ben #--------------------------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Boron isotope data on uranium-thorium dated D. dianthus deep sea corals from the Southern Ocean over the last 40,000 years # Provided Keywords: CO2, glacial, rapid climate change, Southern Ocean. #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Rae, J.W.B., A. Burke, L.F. Robinson, J.F. Adkins, T. Chen, C. Cole, R. Greenop, T. Li, E. Littley, D. C. Nita, J.A. Stewart and B. Taylor # Published_Date_or_Year: 2018 # Published_Title: CO2 storage and release in the deep Southern Ocean on millennial to centennial timescales # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: in press # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The cause of changes in atmospheric CO2 concentrations during the recent ice ages remains to be fully explained. Most mechanisms for glacial-interglacial CO2 change have centred on carbon exchange with the deep ocean, owing to its large size and relatively rapid exchange with the atmosphere1. The Southern Ocean is thought to have a key role in this exchange, as much of the deep ocean is ventilated to the atmosphere in this region2. However, it is difficult to reconstruct changes in deep Southern Ocean carbon storage, so few direct tests of this hypothesis have been carried out. Here we present new deep-sea coral boron isotope data that track the pH - and thus the CO2 chemistry - of the deep Southern Ocean over the past forty thousand years. At sites closest to the Antarctic continental margin, and most influenced by the deep southern waters that form the ocean's lower overturning cell, we find a close relationship between ocean pH and atmospheric CO2: during intervals of low CO2, ocean pH is low, reflecting enhanced ocean carbon storage; and during intervals of rising CO2, ocean pH rises, reflecting loss of carbon from the ocean to the atmosphere. Correspondingly, at shallower sites we find rapid (millennial- to centennial-scale) decreases in pH during abrupt increases in CO2, reflecting the rapid transfer of carbon from the deep to the upper ocean and atmosphere. Our findings confirm the importance of the deep Southern Ocean in ice-age CO2 change, and show that deep ocean CO2 release can occur as a dynamic feedback to rapid climate change on centennial timescales. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: NERC # Grant: NE/N003861/1, PhD studentships #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: NOAA # Grant: Climate and Global Change VSP Fellowship #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Marie Curie # Grant: CIG14-631752 #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: European Research Council # Grant: Consolidator grant, LFR #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation # Grant: OCE-1503129 #--------------------------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Drake Passage # Location: Southern Ocean # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: -59.721 # Southernmost_Latitude: -60.613 # Easternmost_Longitude: -57.003 # Westernmost_Longitude: -68.936 # Elevation: #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: NBP0805 and NBP1103 d11B Rae2018 # First_Year: 39193 # Last_Year: 1649 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length: chunks from solitary corals # Notes: uranium thorium dated corals. Chunks from solitary corals. Sample water depths range from -695 to -1196 m. #--------------------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # Uranium thorium dates on each individual coral given in data sheet. Corals were precisely dated using isotope dilution U-Th by multicollector-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICPMS)4,25. All ages have been published previously, and have typical uncertainties of around ±1% (2 s.d.), although this varies between samples depending on their initial 230Th (calculated from measured 232Th and assuming an initial atomic 232Th/230Th ratio of 12,500 ± 12,500). Dates published by Burke and Robinson, 2012, and Chen et al., 2015 #--------------------------------------- # Variables # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) ## Cruise notes,,,,,paleoceanography,,,C,Cruise where samples collected ## Dredge notes,,,,,paleoceanography,,,C,Dredge name ## Sample notes,,,,,paleoceanography,,,C,Sample name ## Latitude latitude,,,degree north,,paleoceanography,,,N, ## Longitude longitude,,,degree east,,paleoceanography,,,N, ## Depth depth,,,meter,,paleoceanography,,,N,m below sea surface ## Group notes,,,,,paleoceanography,,,C,Lower or upper overturning cell of the deep ocean ## Location notes,,,,,paleoceanography,,,C,Location groupings are: SFZ- Shackleton fracture zone; Sars- Sars Seamount; Interim- Interim Seamount ## Age age,,,calendar year before present,,paleoceanography,,,N,U-Th age ## Age_2sd age,,two standard deviations,calendar year before present,,paleoceanography,,,N,U-Th age error ## d11B delta 11B,,,per mil SRM 951,,paleoceanography,,,N,Boron isotope composition of D. dianthus deep sea corals ## d11B_2sd delta 11B,,two standard deviations,per mil SRM 951,,paleoceanography,,,N,Analytical uncertainty; equivalent to long-term reproducibility #------------------------ # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: NA Cruise Dredge Sample Latitude Longitude Depth Group Location Age Age_2sd d11B d11B_2sd NBP0805 DR23 Dc-A-7 -60.182 -57.828 819 LowerCell SFZ 11850 62 26.05 0.23 NBP0805 DR23 Dc-A-7 -60.182 -57.828 819 LowerCell SFZ 11850 62 25.99 0.23 NBP0805 DR23 Dc-A-5 -60.182 -57.828 819 LowerCell SFZ 13127 77 24.53 0.23 NBP0805 DR23 Dc-A-5 -60.182 -57.828 819 LowerCell SFZ 13127 77 25.07 0.23 NBP0805 DR23 Dc-A-6 -60.182 -57.828 819 LowerCell SFZ 15629 49 24.15 0.23 NBP0805 DR23 Dc-A-6 -60.182 -57.828 819 LowerCell SFZ 15629 49 25.04 0.23 NBP1103 DH40 Dc-3 -60.179 -57.837 806 LowerCell SFZ 18047 168 22.99 0.23 NBP1103 DH40 Dc-3 -60.179 -57.837 806 LowerCell SFZ 18047 168 23.18 0.23 NBP1103 DH43 Dc-6 -60.179 -57.003 823 LowerCell SFZ 19631 189 23.12 0.23 NBP1103 DH43 Dc-1 -60.179 -57.003 823 LowerCell SFZ 20367 58 23.87 0.23 NBP1103 DH43 Dc-1 -60.179 -57.003 823 LowerCell SFZ 20367 58 23.90 0.23 NBP1103 DH40 Dc-5 -60.179 -57.837 806 LowerCell SFZ 22578 81 23.68 0.23 NBP1103 DH40 Dc-5 -60.179 -57.837 806 LowerCell SFZ 22578 81 23.53 0.23 NBP0805 DR23 Dc-A-1 -60.182 -57.828 819 LowerCell SFZ 25587 160 23.03 0.23 NBP1103 DH43 Dc-3 -60.179 -57.003 823 LowerCell SFZ 27159 122 22.46 0.23 NBP1103 DH43 Dc-3 -60.179 -57.003 823 LowerCell SFZ 27159 122 22.86 0.23 NBP1103 DH43 Dc-12 -60.179 -57.003 823 LowerCell SFZ 28679 329 24.01 0.23 NBP1103 DH43 Dc-12 -60.179 -57.003 823 LowerCell SFZ 28679 329 24.13 0.23 NBP1103 DH43 Dc-12 -60.179 -57.003 823 LowerCell SFZ 28679 329 23.69 0.23 NBP0805 DR23 Dc-A-2 -60.182 -57.828 819 LowerCell SFZ 35406 306 23.81 0.23 NBP0805 DR23 Dc-A-3 -60.182 -57.828 819 LowerCell SFZ 39193 301 25.15 0.23 NBP0805 DR23 Dc-A-3 -60.182 -57.828 819 LowerCell SFZ 39193 301 24.76 0.23 NBP0805 DR23 Dc-A-3 -60.182 -57.828 819 LowerCell SFZ 39193 301 24.64 0.23 NBP0805 DR35 Dc-A-1 -59.721 -68.883 695 UpperCell Sars 1649 13 26.16 0.23 NBP0805 DR35 Dc-A-1 -59.721 -68.883 695 UpperCell Sars 1649 13 25.85 0.23 NBP0805 DR34 Dc-A-2 -59.732 -68.746 869 UpperCell Sars 5759 30 26.30 0.23 NBP0805 DR34 Dc-A-2 -59.732 -68.746 869 UpperCell Sars 5759 30 26.02 0.23 NBP0805 DR34 Dc-A-1 -59.732 -68.746 869 UpperCell Sars 6798 34 26.54 0.23 NBP0805 DR34 Dc-A-1 -59.732 -68.746 869 UpperCell Sars 6798 34 25.55 0.23 NBP0805 DR35 Dc-C-2 -59.721 -68.883 695 UpperCell Sars 7639 28 25.59 0.23 NBP0805 DR35 Dc-D-4 -59.721 -68.883 695 UpperCell Sars 10084 34 25.36 0.23 NBP0805 DR35 Dc-D-4 -59.721 -68.883 695 UpperCell Sars 10084 34 26.22 0.23 NBP0805 DR35 Dc-D5 -59.721 -68.883 695 UpperCell Sars 10255 81 26.03 0.23 NBP0805 DR35 Dc-D-3 -59.721 -68.883 695 UpperCell Sars 11084 34 24.94 0.23 NBP0805 DR35 Dc-B-1a -59.721 -68.883 695 UpperCell Sars 11317 36 24.87 0.23 NBP0805 DR35 Dc-B-1a -59.721 -68.883 695 UpperCell Sars 11317 36 24.93 0.23 NBP0805 DR38 Dc-A-1 -59.741 -68.900 978 UpperCell Sars 11549 64 26.74 0.23 NBP1103 DH117 Dn-1 -59.764 -68.936 981 UpperCell Sars 12680 102 26.82 0.23 NBP1103 DH117 Dn-7 -59.764 -68.936 981 UpperCell Sars 14143 80 26.90 0.23 NBP1103 DH117 Dn-7 -59.764 -68.936 981 UpperCell Sars 14143 80 26.35 0.23 NBP1103 DH117 Dn-7 -59.764 -68.936 981 UpperCell Sars 14143 80 26.23 0.23 NBP1103 DH117 Dc-20 -59.764 -68.936 981 UpperCell Sars 14177 122 25.71 0.23 NBP1103 DH117 Dc-1 -59.764 -68.936 981 UpperCell Sars 14475 111 26.34 0.23 NBP1103 DH117 Dc-29 -59.764 -68.936 981 UpperCell Sars 14609 74 25.83 0.23 NBP1103 DH117 Dc-29 -59.764 -68.936 981 UpperCell Sars 14609 74 25.75 0.23 NBP1103 DH74 Dc-3 -60.606 -66.004 1064 UpperCell Interim 14714 122 23.80 0.23 NBP1103 DH74 Dc-3 -60.606 -66.004 1064 UpperCell Interim 14714 122 24.90 0.23 NBP1103 DH117 Dc-36 -59.764 -68.936 981 UpperCell Sars 14889 80 24.90 0.23 NBP1103 DH117 Dc-36 -59.764 -68.936 981 UpperCell Sars 14889 80 25.74 0.23 NBP1103 DH75 Dc(f)-37 -60.613 -66.002 1196 UpperCell Interim 15221 72 25.54 0.23 NBP1103 DH117 Dc-09 -59.764 -68.936 981 UpperCell Sars 16851 168 26.14 0.23 NBP0805 DR27 Dc-A-1 -60.546 -65.953 1134 UpperCell Interim 21466 109 24.90 0.23 NBP0805 DR27 Dc-A-1 -60.546 -65.953 1134 UpperCell Interim 21466 109 24.71 0.23