Equatorial Pacific Multispecies Foraminifera Stable Isotope Data ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE CONTRIBUTORS WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Equatorial Pacific Multispecies Foraminifera Stable Isotope Data LAST UPDATE: 3/2003 (Original Receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTORS: Howard J. Spero, David W. Lea, and Dotti K. Pak IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2003-016 SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: Spero, H. J., et al., 2003, Equatorial Pacific Multispecies Foraminifera Stable Isotope Data, IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2003-016. NOAA/NGDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Spero, H. J., K. M. Mielke, E. M. Kalve, D. W. Lea, and D. K. Pak, 2003, Multispecies approach to reconstructing eastern equatorial Pacific thermocline hydrography during the past 360 kyr, Paleoceanography, 18(1), 1022, doi:10.1029/2002PA000814. ADDITIONAL REFERENCES: Spero, H. J. and D.W. Lea, 2002, The cause of carbon isotope minimum events on glacial terminations. Science 296:522-525, 19 April 2002. Lea, D.W., D.K. Pak, and H.J. Spero, 2000, Climate Impact of Late Quaternary Equatorial Pacific Sea Surface Temperature Variations, Science 289:1719-1724, 8 September 2000. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Cocos Ridge, Eastern Pacific Ocean PERIOD OF RECORD: 361 KYrBP - present DESCRIPTION: Carbon and oxygen isotope records from 4 species of planktic foraminifera across last 360 ky from equatorial Pacific sediment core. New data from Neogloboquadrina dutertrei, Globorotalia menardii, Globigerinoides sacculifer, and Globigerinoides ruber, combined with previously published G. ruber Mg/Ca and d18O data (Lea et al.,2000) and G. ruber d13C and N. dutertrei d13C and d18O data(Spero & Lea, 2002). Data are relative to VPDB, samples were roasted in vacuo @375C prior to analysis with a common acid bath autocarbonate and Fisons Optima IRMS. ABSTRACT: Stable isotope data from eastern equatorial Pacific (EEP) core TR163-19 (2°15N, 90°57W, 2348 m) are presented for the surface-dwelling foraminifers Globigerinoides ruber and G. sacculifer and thermocline-dwelling Globorotalia menardii and Neogloboquadrina dutertrei. Using species-specific normalization factors derived from experimental and plankton tow data, we reconstruct a 360 kyr record of water column hydrography across the past three glacial cycles. We demonstrate that G. ruber maintains a mixed layer habitat throughout the entire record, while G. sacculifer records a mixture of thermocline and mixed layer conditions and G. menardii and N. dutertrei record thermocline properties. We conclude that G. sacculifer is not appropriate for paleoceanographic applications in regions with steep vertical hydrographic gradients. Results suggest that this region of the EEP had a thicker mixed layer and deeper 13CDIC boundary between the surface and equatorial undercurrent during the last two glacial periods. A shift in N. dutertrei and G. sacculifer geochemistry prior to ~185 kyr suggests water column structure and chemocline gradients changed, possibly due to a shift in the position of the undercurrent relative to this site. The timing and magnitude of glacial-interglacial 13C variations between species indicates that near-surface carbon chemistry is controlled by changes in productivity, atmospheric circulation, and advected intermediate water sources north of the Antarctic polar front. These results demonstrate that when properly calibrated for species differences, multispecies geochemical data sets can be invaluable for reconstructing water column structure and properties in the past. DATA: 1. Core TR163-19 Globorotalia menardii Depth (cm) Age (ky) d13C d18O 1 1.1 1.75 -0.22 4 1.9 1.87 -0.39 9 3.3 1.75 -0.22 14 4.7 1.82 -0.16 19 6.1 1.96 -0.57 24 7.5 1.69 -0.05 29 8.9 1.43 0.18 34 10.2 1.32 0.38 39 11.6 1.27 0.2 44 13 1.36 0.46 49 14.4 1.22 0.52 54 15.8 1.22 1.32 59 17.2 1.43 1.1 64 18.5 1.81 0.85 69 19.9 1.85 1.08 74 20.7 1.88 0.74 79 21.6 2.26 0.57 84 22.5 2.12 0.66 89 23.5 2.39 0.69 94 24.4 2.24 0.46 99 25.3 2.16 0.68 104 26.2 2.23 0.66 109 27.1 2.23 0.89 114 28 2.18 0.48 119 29.1 2.36 0.39 124 30.2 2.04 0.84 129 31.3 2.41 0.02 139 33.4 2.36 0.33 149 35.6 2.3 0.13 159 37.8 2.46 0.13 164 38.9 2.56 -0.17 174 41 2.26 0.12 184 43.2 2.05 0.31 194 45.4 2.29 -0.07 204 47.6 2.24 0.17 209 48.7 2.17 -0.32 220 51 2.11 -0.1 224 51.9 2.04 0.17 234 56 2.04 -0.25 244 60.3 1.87 0.45 254 62.8 2.11 0.16 264 65.4 2.09 0.41 274 68.2 2.31 0.12 284 71 2.41 -0.06 294 75.5 2.15 0.06 304 80 2.21 -0.19 315 83.3 2.16 0.2 324 86.5 2.27 -0.07 334 89.5 2.04 -0.27 344 94 2.1 -0.45 354 100 2.16 -0.5 364 106.7 1.96 -0.59 374 112 1.9 -0.21 384 116 2.06 -0.87 389 118 1.85 -0.93 394 120 1.76 -0.92 399 124 1.56 -0.83 404 128 1.34 -0.11 409 129 0.9 0.32 414 130.3 0.98 0.37 419 131 1.02 0.28 423 132.3 1.03 0.96 429 133.6 1.5 0.5 434 134.9 1.58 0.61 439 136.1 1.48 0.46 444 137.4 1.66 0.44 449 138.9 1.83 0.26 454 140.3 1.81 0.71 468 144.6 1.81 0.71 478 148 1.95 0.69 488 152 1.97 0.59 498 157.1 1.7 0.43 508 162.1 1.81 0.62 518 167.2 1.76 0.44 528 172 2 0.02 538 176 1.78 0.33 548 180 1.81 0.45 558 183.5 2.2 -0.21 569 186.5 2.13 0.28 579 192 2.12 0.09 589 197.8 1.88 -0.27 599 201.4 2.04 0 609 205 2.01 -0.07 619 212.3 2.05 -0.45 629 217.5 1.95 -0.35 639 220.5 1.68 0.08 649 223.5 1.68 0.46 659 226.5 1.42 0.55 669 230.5 1.85 0.4 679 235.5 1.81 0.08 689 240 1.45 0.32 699 244 1.62 0.07 709 246 1.65 0.51 719 247.3 1.43 0.83 729 248.7 1.69 0.55 739 250 1.86 0.19 749 252.8 1.65 0.25 759 255.6 1.47 0.52 769 259.4 1.66 0.67 779 264.2 1.79 0.7 789 269 1.91 0.58 799 276.2 1.54 0.41 809 283.4 2 0.08 819 288.3 2.08 -0.53 829 291 1.92 -0.02 839 293.7 1.9 -0.01 849 296.3 1.92 0.22 857 299 1.93 -0.55 869 304.5 1.67 -0.13 879 310 2.13 -0.55 889 313 1.56 -0.32 899 316 1.44 0.23 909 319 1.79 0.45 919 322 1.58 0.08 929 325 1.63 -0.03 939 328 1.69 -0.25 949 331 1.63 -0.18 959 338 1.3 0.03 969 339.3 1.6 0.18 979 340.5 1.41 0.53 989 341.8 1.28 0.79 999 343 1.61 0.87 1009 349 1.82 0.82 1019 355 1.86 0.69 1029 361 1.64 0.57 2. Core TR163-19 Neogloboquadrina dutertrei Depth (cm) Age (ky) d13C d18O 1 1.1 1.88 -0.02 4 1.9 1.97 -0.06 9 3.3 2.21 -0.15 14 4.7 1.92 0.01 19 6.1 1.96 0.06 24 7.5 1.75 0.09 29 8.9 1.65 0.22 34 10.2 1.79 0.26 39 11.6 1.69 0.37 44 13 1.73 0.55 49 14.4 1.66 0.90 54 15.8 1.47 1.25 59 17.2 1.65 1.11 64 18.5 1.69 0.99 69 19.9 1.94 1.11 74 20.7 1.88 1.18 79 21.6 1.93 1.04 84 22.5 1.82 1.24 89 23.5 1.97 1.18 94 24.4 1.94 1.09 99 25.3 1.83 1.13 104 26.2 2.07 0.99 109 27.1 1.87 1.13 114 28 1.92 1.01 119 29.1 1.95 1.12 124 30.2 2.07 0.78 129 31.3 1.81 0.98 134 32.3 1.88 0.71 139 33.4 1.76 0.86 144 34.5 1.89 0.60 149 35.6 2.01 0.52 154 36.7 1.82 0.91 159 37.8 1.97 0.71 164 38.9 1.95 0.80 174 41 1.89 0.73 184 43.2 1.87 0.66 194 45.4 1.88 0.68 204 47.6 1.87 0.64 209 48.7 1.83 0.63 220 49.7 1.94 0.64 224 51.9 1.91 0.20 234 56 1.80 0.41 244 60.3 1.66 0.75 254 62.8 1.86 0.65 264 65.4 2.00 0.52 274 68.2 1.93 0.70 284 71 1.88 0.80 294 75.5 2.12 0.48 304 80 2.00 0.48 314 83.3 1.89 0.75 324 86.5 1.95 0.70 334 89.5 1.64 0.46 344 94 1.95 0.55 354 100 1.95 0.32 364 106.7 1.89 0.19 374 112 1.77 0.20 384 116 1.59 -0.13 389 118 1.92 -0.81 394 120 1.80 -0.66 399 124 1.71 -0.83 404 128 1.32 0.01 409 129 1.40 -0.02 414 130.3 1.11 0.60 419 131 1.41 -0.11 423 132.3 1.08 0.87 429 133.6 1.56 0.67 434 134.9 1.80 0.97 439 136.1 1.79 0.60 444 137.4 1.53 1.08 449 138.9 1.75 0.64 454 140.3 1.76 0.70 464 143.1 1.66 0.75 474 146 1.72 0.82 484 150 1.59 0.81 494 154.5 1.70 0.73 504 159.6 1.50 0.40 513 164.2 1.62 0.44 524 169.7 1.50 0.34 534 174 1.46 0.50 544 178 1.55 0.37 554 182 1.63 0.56 564 185 1.80 -0.27 569 186.5 2.07 -0.12 579 192 2.15 -0.43 589 197.8 2.08 -0.53 599 201.4 2.05 -0.37 609 205 1.94 -0.31 619 212.3 1.93 -0.34 629 217.5 1.79 -0.50 639 220.5 1.91 -0.33 649 223.5 1.99 -0.05 659 226.5 1.75 -0.16 669 230.5 2.00 -0.26 679 235.5 1.87 -0.27 689 240 1.70 -0.41 699 244 1.80 -0.28 709 246 1.72 -0.06 719 247.3 1.65 -0.06 729 248.7 1.91 0.18 739 250 1.89 0.20 749 252.8 1.83 -0.04 759 255.6 1.52 0.24 769 259.4 1.55 0.41 779 264.2 1.83 0.41 789 269 2.04 0.27 799 276.2 1.91 0.12 809 283.4 2.12 -0.22 819 288.3 1.98 -0.21 829 291 1.98 0.01 839 293.7 2.09 -0.12 849 296.3 1.86 0.07 859 299 1.89 0.07 869 304.5 1.91 -0.32 879 310 2.06 -0.46 889 313 1.91 -0.43 899 316 1.64 -0.52 909 319 1.97 -0.09 919 322 1.84 -0.36 929 325 1.81 -0.59 934 328 1.70 -0.50 949 331 1.68 -0.66 959 338 1.20 -0.14 969 339.3 1.17 0.45 979 340.5 1.17 0.65 989 341.8 1.30 0.93 999 343 1.34 0.87 1009 349 1.51 0.72 1019 355 1.64 0.72 1029 361 1.68 0.45 3. Core TR163-19 G. ruber (250-350 um fraction) Depth (cm) Age (ky) d13C d18O 1 1.1 1.52 -2.07 4 1.9 1.54 -2.27 9 3.3 1.86 -2.30 14 4.7 1.81 -2.11 19 6.1 1.91 -2.41 24 7.5 1.60 -2.10 29 8.9 1.48 -2.10 34 10.2 1.55 -1.78 39 11.6 1.44 -1.81 44 13.0 1.28 -1.01 49 14.4 1.17 -1.12 54 15.8 1.53 -1.22 59 17.2 1.08 -0.72 64 18.5 1.38 -0.51 69 19.9 1.37 -0.69 74 20.7 1.04 -0.37 79 21.6 1.31 -0.71 84 22.5 1.19 -0.78 89 23.5 1.28 -0.79 94 24.4 1.28 -0.95 99 25.3 1.27 -0.81 104 26.2 1.29 -1.04 109 27.1 1.47 -0.77 114 28.0 1.54 -1.23 119 29.1 1.32 -0.93 124 30.2 1.25 -1.05 129 31.3 1.35 -0.86 134 32.3 1.24 -0.66 139 33.4 1.32 -1.14 144 34.5 1.31 -0.94 149 35.6 1.40 -1.15 154 36.7 1.40 -1.14 159 37.8 1.52 -0.78 164 38.9 1.38 -1.07 169 40.0 1.41 -0.86 174 41.0 1.44 -0.95 179 42.1 1.29 -1.06 184 43.2 1.38 -1.21 189 44.3 1.37 -0.96 194 45.4 1.01 -1.20 199 46.5 1.34 -0.89 204 47.6 1.24 -1.27 209 48.7 1.31 -1.13 214 49.7 1.51 -1.01 220 51.0 1.25 -0.99 224 51.9 0.97 -1.18 229 53.0 1.25 -1.38 234 56.0 1.07 -1.11 239 59.0 1.29 -1.21 244 60.3 1.26 -0.83 249 61.5 1.40 -0.88 254 62.8 1.19 -1.15 259 64.0 1.36 -0.86 264 65.4 1.23 -1.10 269 66.8 1.52 -1.00 274 68.2 1.20 -1.24 279 69.6 1.39 -0.89 284 71.0 1.21 -1.47 289 73.3 1.74 -1.47 294 75.5 1.82 -1.92 299 77.8 1.82 -1.71 304 80.0 1.56 -1.86 309 81.7 1.57 -1.63 314 83.3 1.58 -1.35 319 85.0 1.75 -1.17 324 86.5 1.70 -1.51 329 88.0 1.70 -1.46 334 89.5 1.60 -1.51 339 91.0 1.71 -1.40 344 94.0 1.57 -1.84 349 97.0 1.57 -1.77 354 100.0 1.52 -2.02 359 103.3 1.53 -1.67 364 106.7 1.45 -1.74 369 110.0 1.60 -1.09 374 112.0 1.47 -2.17 379 114.0 1.57 -2.04 384 116.0 1.27 -2.09 389 118.0 1.63 -2.36 394 120.0 1.17 -2.45 399 122.0 1.55 -2.54 404 128.0 1.10 -1.61 409 129.1 1.03 -1.21 414 130.3 0.81 -1.07 419 131.4 1.13 -0.72 423 132.3 0.93 -1.14 429 133.7 1.12 -0.66 434 134.9 0.90 -0.50 439 136.0 1.00 -0.20 444 137.4 0.64 -0.99 449 138.9 0.98 -0.91 454 140.3 1.01 -0.77 459 141.7 1.14 -0.88 464 143.1 1.20 -0.85 469 144.6 0.99 -0.88 474 146.0 0.77 -1.10 479 148.0 1.05 -0.77 484 150.0 0.87 -0.66 489 152.0 1.33 -0.46 494 154.5 0.91 -0.90 499 157.1 0.99 -0.54 504 159.6 0.84 -0.89 509 162.1 1.28 -0.69 513 164.2 1.01 -1.03 519 167.2 1.22 -1.00 524 169.7 0.95 -1.31 529 172.0 1.09 -1.31 534 174.0 1.03 -1.24 539 176.0 1.02 -1.18 544 178.0 1.01 -1.21 549 180.0 1.08 -0.97 554 182.0 0.95 -1.01 559 183.5 1.22 -0.99 564 185.0 1.13 -1.24 569 186.5 1.32 -1.21 574 188.0 1.62 -1.61 579 192.0 1.60 -1.65 584 196.0 1.55 -2.07 589 197.8 1.71 -1.82 594 199.6 1.42 -1.76 599 201.4 1.67 -1.29 604 203.2 1.37 -1.54 609 205.0 1.88 -1.02 614 208.7 1.49 -1.48 619 212.3 1.52 -1.54 624 216.0 1.34 -2.03 629 217.5 1.36 -1.70 634 219.0 1.33 -1.69 639 220.5 1.18 -1.35 644 222.0 1.34 -1.47 649 223.5 1.27 -1.04 654 225.0 1.26 -0.77 659 226.5 1.32 -1.28 664 228.0 1.28 -0.93 669 230.5 1.12 -1.07 674 233.0 1.15 -0.79 679 235.5 1.54 -1.92 684 238.0 1.46 -2.20 689 240.0 1.51 -2.04 694 242.0 0.99 -1.60 699 244.0 1.10 -1.13 704 245.3 1.16 -1.14 709 246.0 1.24 -0.66 714 246.7 1.07 -0.58 719 247.3 1.16 -0.83 724 248.0 0.93 -0.54 729 248.7 1.25 -0.57 734 249.3 0.87 -0.61 739 250.0 1.01 -0.51 743 251.1 0.93 -0.91 744 251.4 0.83 -0.82 749 252.8 0.74 -0.56 754 254.2 0.72 -0.94 759 255.6 0.96 -0.75 764 257.0 0.77 -1.16 769 259.4 1.11 -0.41 774 261.8 0.98 -0.46 779 264.2 0.99 -0.64 784 266.6 1.10 -0.67 789 269.0 1.22 -0.34 794 272.6 1.40 -0.75 799 276.2 1.11 -0.94 804 279.8 0.91 -0.82 809 283.4 1.51 -1.27 814 287.0 1.44 -1.46 819 288.3 1.64 -1.23 824 289.7 1.28 -1.31 829 291.0 1.23 -1.13 834 292.3 1.26 -1.34 839 293.7 1.35 -0.85 844 295.0 1.40 -1.10 849 296.3 1.10 -0.69 854 297.7 1.39 -1.09 859 299.0 1.32 -0.62 864 301.8 1.48 -1.04 869 304.5 1.23 -0.90 874 307.3 1.42 -1.08 879 310.0 1.45 -1.68 884 311.5 1.62 -1.58 889 313.0 1.66 -1.29 894 314.5 1.34 -1.51 899 316.0 1.50 -1.44 904 317.5 1.35 -1.66 909 319.0 1.40 -1.33 914 320.5 1.31 -1.58 919 322.0 1.23 -1.36 924 323.5 1.35 -1.78 929 325.0 1.81 -1.67 934 326.5 1.33 -1.85 939 328.0 1.57 -2.05 944 329.5 1.48 -1.77 949 331.0 1.53 -2.03 954 334.5 1.16 -2.00 959 338.0 0.75 -1.24 964 338.6 0.80 -0.94 969 339.3 0.81 -0.60 974 339.9 0.87 -0.86 979 340.5 0.72 -0.35 984 341.1 0.85 -0.88 989 341.8 0.61 -0.46 994 342.4 0.90 -0.28 999 343.0 0.50 -0.18 1004 346.0 1.07 -0.46 1009 349.0 0.72 -0.67 1014 352.0 1.23 -0.42 1019 355.0 1.34 -0.49 1024 358.0 1.12 -0.62 1029 361.0 1.10 -0.76 4. G. sacculifer (250-350 um fraction) Depth (cm) Age (ky) d13C d18O 1 1.0 1.76 -0.95 9 3.2 1.89 -1.26 14 4.6 1.82 -1.09 19 6.0 1.46 -0.59 24 7.2 1.64 -0.12 29 8.9 1.65 0.00 39 11.6 1.37 0.29 49 14.4 1.45 0.34 59 17.2 1.93 0.14 69 19.9 1.64 0.13 79 21.6 1.73 0.24 89 23.5 1.94 -0.02 99 25.3 1.47 -0.37 109 27.1 1.55 -0.15 119 29.1 1.48 -0.14 129 31.3 1.52 -0.40 139 33.4 1.54 -0.31 149 35.6 1.51 -0.58 159 37.8 1.53 -0.51 169 40.0 1.68 -0.62 179 42.1 1.41 -0.36 189 44.3 1.48 -0.25 199 46.5 1.47 -0.37 209 48.7 1.10 -0.53 214 49.7 1.47 -0.37 229 53.0 1.10 -0.53 249 61.5 1.50 -0.27 259 64.0 1.56 -0.19 269 66.8 1.14 -0.19 279 69.6 1.56 -0.45 289 73.3 1.89 -1.00 299 77.8 1.90 -1.33 309 81.7 1.70 -0.80 319 85.0 1.41 -0.72 329 88.0 1.71 -0.87 339 91.0 1.56 -1.02 349 97.0 1.68 -1.09 359 103.3 1.61 -1.20 369 110.0 1.50 -1.14 379 114.0 1.39 -1.14 389 118.0 1.65 -1.43 399 122.0 1.31 -1.25 409 129.1 1.04 -0.45 419 131.4 1.01 -0.57 429 133.7 1.23 0.15 439 136.0 1.12 -0.05 449 138.9 1.34 -0.38 459 141.7 1.24 -0.36 469 144.6 1.10 -0.47 479 148.0 0.83 -0.65 489 152.0 0.76 -0.16 499 157.1 0.96 -0.75 509 162.1 0.86 -0.60 519 167.2 1.12 -0.55 529 172.0 1.01 -0.75 539 176.0 0.96 -0.83 549 180.0 1.23 -1.11 559 183.5 1.27 -1.06 569 186.5 1.38 -1.13 579 192.0 2.00 -1.56 589 197.8 1.72 -1.47 599 201.4 1.50 -0.97 609 205.0 1.63 -1.03 619 212.3 1.67 -1.13 629 217.5 1.70 -1.35 639 220.5 1.45 -1.16 649 223.5 1.34 -0.58 659 226.5 1.46 -1.23 669 230.5 1.54 -0.73 679 235.5 1.31 -0.74 689 240.0 1.59 -1.25 699 244.0 1.26 -0.88 709 246.0 1.31 -0.64 719 247.3 1.28 -0.42 729 248.7 1.01 -0.05 739 250.0 1.06 -0.30 749 252.8 1.01 -0.22 759 255.6 1.08 -0.68 769 259.4 1.15 -0.63 779 264.2 1.33 -0.40 789 269.0 1.35 -0.42 794 272.6 1.25 -1.07 799 276.2 1.33 -0.51 809 283.4 1.75 -0.71 819 288.3 1.69 -1.29 829 291.0 1.81 -0.84 839 293.7 1.65 -0.44 849 296.3 1.65 -0.56 859 299.0 1.70 -0.56 869 304.5 1.41 -0.77 879 310.0 1.65 -1.02 889 313.0 1.60 -1.41 899 316.0 1.37 -1.39 909 319.0 1.57 -1.25 919 322.0 1.71 -1.29 929 325.0 1.80 -1.42 939 328.0 1.55 -0.88 949 331.0 1.41 -1.41 959 338.0 1.18 -0.94 969 339.3 0.91 -0.39 979 340.5 1.20 -0.21 989 341.8 1.12 -0.44 999 343.0 1.35 -0.01 1009 349.0 1.33 -0.07 1019 355.0 1.40 -0.14 1029 361.0 1.54 -0.36 5. G. sacculifer (>500 um fraction) Depth (cm) Age (ky) d13C d18O 34 10.2 2.43 -1.43 44 13.0 2.54 -1.22 54 15.8 2.44 -0.72 64 18.5 2.2 -0.53 74 20.7 2.46 -0.5 84 22.5 2.47 -0.66 94 24.4 2.67 -0.71 104 26.2 2.53 -0.69 114 28.0 2.56 -0.87