# West Qinling Mountains 500 Year Precipitation Reconstruction #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/19683 # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/yang2016/west-qinling2016precip.txt # # Original_Source_URL: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Parameter_Keywords: precipitation #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2016-01-14 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: West Qinling Mountains 500 Year Precipitation Reconstruction #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Yang, F.; Wang, N.; Shi, F.; Ljungqvist, F.C.; Zhao, S.; Liu, T. #-------------------- # Description_and_Notes # Description: Rainy season (May-September) precipitation reconstruction for the West Qinling Mountains region, China, # for 1470-2000 AD, based on tree-ring chronologies and historical documents. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Fengmei Yang, Naiang Wang, Feng Shi, Fredrik Charpentier Ljungqvist, Sen Zhao, Ting Liu # Published_Date_or_Year: 2016-02-01 # Published_Title: The spatial distribution of precipitation over the West Qinling region, China, AD 1470-2000 # Journal_Name: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology # Volume: 443 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 278-285 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.12.003 # Online_Resource: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031018215007294 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The West Qinling Mountains form part of the climatic barrier that separates southern and northern China, and are located at the edge of the region dominated by the Asian summer monsoon. To investigate the spatial distribution of regional hydroclimatic variability in the West Qinling region, the annually resolved spatial field of rainy season (May-June-July-August-September, MJJAS) precipitation anomalies from AD 1470 to 2000 was reconstructed using 39 tree-ring chronologies, as well as 28 dryness/wetness indices derived from historical documentary data. The results indicate that the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Tropospheric Biennial Oscillation (TBO) may jointly affect the spatial pattern of precipitation over the West Qinling Mountains at inter-annual timescales. The drought in the 1990s was found to exceed the amplitude and duration of all other periods of drought that have occurred since AD 1470 in this region. The new precipitation field reconstruction assesses the spatial pattern of historical hydroclimatic variability in the West Qinling region and provides an opportunity to test the performance of climate models in simulating regional precipitation variability and change. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Chinese Academy of Sciences # Grant: XDB03020500 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Natural Science Foundation of China # Grant: 41301220, 41505081 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: China Postdoctoral Science Foundation # Grant: 2012 T50829 #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: West Qinling Region # Location: Asia>Eastern Asia>China # Country: China # Northernmost_Latitude: 35.0 # Southernmost_Latitude: 32.0 # Easternmost_Longitude: 107.0 # Westernmost_Longitude: 102.0 # Elevation: m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Qinling2016precip # Earliest_Year: 1470 # Most_Recent_Year: 2010 # Time_Unit: AD # Core_Length: m # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## age_AD age, , , AD, , , , ,N ## precip-anomMJJAS Precipitation Anomaly, , , mm, May-Sept, Climate Reconstruction, , ,N ## precip-anomMJJAS- Precipitation Anomaly minimum, , , mm, May-Sept, Climate Reconstruction, , ,N ## precip-anomMJJAS+ Precipitation Anomaly maximum, , , mm, May-Sept, Climate Reconstruction, , ,N ## precip-anomMJJASinst Precipitation Anomaly instrumental, , , mm, May-Sept, Climate Reconstruction, , ,N # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age_AD precip-anomMJJAS precip-anomMJJAS- precip-anomMJJAS+ precip-anomMJJASinst 1470 -2.47 9.26 -14.21 1471 5.21 16.95 -6.52 1472 5.12 16.86 -6.61 1473 -7.04 4.70 -18.78 1474 4.95 16.69 -6.78 1475 3.02 14.76 -8.72 1476 2.75 14.48 -8.99 1477 0.70 12.44 -11.03 1478 4.89 16.63 -6.84 1479 -0.41 11.33 -12.15 1480 -4.06 7.68 -15.79 1481 -12.04 -0.30 -23.78 1482 -3.38 8.36 -15.11 1483 -9.68 2.05 -21.42 1484 -16.38 -4.65 -28.12 1485 -10.76 0.98 -22.49 1486 -17.74 -6.00 -29.48 1487 -10.87 0.87 -22.60 1488 -5.31 6.43 -17.04 1489 -11.57 0.17 -23.31 1490 -11.25 0.49 -22.98 1491 -1.91 9.83 -13.64 1492 -0.13 11.61 -11.87 1493 -4.21 7.53 -15.94 1494 -4.55 7.18 -16.29 1495 -9.94 1.79 -21.68 1496 -2.39 9.34 -14.13 1497 -5.18 6.56 -16.91 1498 -2.74 8.99 -14.48 1499 0.27 12.00 -11.47 1500 -10.04 1.70 -21.78 1501 -0.60 11.13 -12.34 1502 4.42 16.15 -7.32 1503 1.88 13.62 -9.86 1504 -6.27 5.46 -18.01 1505 -2.17 9.57 -13.90 1506 -0.32 11.42 -12.06 1507 5.67 17.41 -6.06 1508 5.47 17.20 -6.27 1509 -9.80 1.94 -21.53 1510 -3.45 8.29 -15.19 1511 -6.80 4.94 -18.54 1512 -4.12 7.62 -15.86 1513 -1.10 10.64 -12.83 1514 -2.86 8.88 -14.59 1515 1.83 13.57 -9.90 1516 -5.69 6.04 -17.43 1517 -0.88 10.86 -12.62 1518 -1.32 10.41 -13.06 1519 8.77 20.51 -2.97 1520 -0.81 10.92 -12.55 1521 -6.53 5.21 -18.26 1522 -7.81 3.93 -19.55 1523 0.38 12.12 -11.35 1524 -2.77 8.97 -14.50 1525 1.16 12.90 -10.58 1526 -0.96 10.78 -12.69 1527 -8.22 3.52 -19.95 1528 -27.47 -15.74 -39.21 1529 -12.60 -0.86 -24.33 1530 -0.30 11.44 -12.03 1531 -16.35 -4.61 -28.08 1532 -6.85 4.89 -18.58 1533 -10.41 1.32 -22.15 1534 11.30 23.04 -0.44 1535 7.40 19.14 -4.33 1536 9.37 21.10 -2.37 1537 -1.81 9.92 -13.55 1538 2.50 14.24 -9.24 1539 8.42 20.16 -3.32 1540 6.70 18.43 -5.04 1541 -5.49 6.25 -17.22 1542 10.57 22.31 -1.16 1543 5.98 17.72 -5.76 1544 0.49 12.23 -11.24 1545 -3.02 8.71 -14.76 1546 4.72 16.46 -7.02 1547 3.64 15.38 -8.09 1548 -3.18 8.56 -14.91 1549 3.19 14.93 -8.55 1550 0.64 12.38 -11.09 1551 11.40 23.13 -0.34 1552 0.44 12.18 -11.29 1553 2.27 14.01 -9.46 1554 11.72 23.45 -0.02 1555 -6.46 5.27 -18.20 1556 -3.01 8.73 -14.75 1557 6.04 17.77 -5.70 1558 6.22 17.96 -5.52 1559 -3.96 7.78 -15.69 1560 -4.88 6.86 -16.62 1561 -6.24 5.49 -17.98 1562 -0.92 10.82 -12.65 1563 -2.99 8.75 -14.73 1564 -1.59 10.15 -13.33 1565 -3.52 8.22 -15.25 1566 -0.67 11.06 -12.41 1567 10.04 21.78 -1.69 1568 -13.82 -2.09 -25.56 1569 7.54 19.28 -4.19 1570 6.04 17.78 -5.70 1571 2.84 14.57 -8.90 1572 2.65 14.38 -9.09 1573 -0.75 10.99 -12.49 1574 3.15 14.88 -8.59 1575 7.01 18.75 -4.72 1576 0.01 11.75 -11.73 1577 -3.62 8.12 -15.35 1578 3.91 15.64 -7.83 1579 4.92 16.65 -6.82 1580 8.97 20.71 -2.76 1581 -10.73 1.01 -22.46 1582 -19.19 -7.45 -30.92 1583 -5.83 5.91 -17.57 1584 -4.40 7.33 -16.14 1585 -7.21 4.53 -18.94 1586 -23.71 -11.98 -35.45 1587 -16.22 -4.48 -27.96 1588 -4.16 7.57 -15.90 1589 1.93 13.67 -9.81 1590 3.87 15.60 -7.87 1591 1.30 13.04 -10.43 1592 0.52 12.26 -11.21 1593 -2.45 9.28 -14.19 1594 6.08 17.81 -5.66 1595 6.53 18.26 -5.21 1596 0.42 12.16 -11.32 1597 1.97 13.71 -9.76 1598 10.65 22.38 -1.09 1599 2.56 14.30 -9.17 1600 -3.45 8.28 -15.19 1601 -0.30 11.44 -12.03 1602 2.22 13.96 -9.52 1603 2.86 14.60 -8.88 1604 10.55 22.29 -1.18 1605 -0.36 11.38 -12.10 1606 -3.80 7.94 -15.54 1607 -1.84 9.90 -13.58 1608 -2.55 9.19 -14.29 1609 -17.65 -5.91 -29.39 1610 -13.86 -2.12 -25.59 1611 0.04 11.77 -11.70 1612 -1.15 10.58 -12.89 1613 16.79 28.53 5.06 1614 2.19 13.92 -9.55 1615 -0.47 11.26 -12.21 1616 -19.16 -7.43 -30.90 1617 -4.54 7.20 -16.27 1618 -0.13 11.61 -11.86 1619 -4.64 7.10 -16.38 1620 -0.50 11.24 -12.23 1621 -2.10 9.64 -13.84 1622 1.51 13.25 -10.22 1623 6.73 18.46 -5.01 1624 -2.00 9.74 -13.73 1625 0.57 12.30 -11.17 1626 3.75 15.48 -7.99 1627 -3.18 8.56 -14.92 1628 -13.55 -1.82 -25.29 1629 -16.83 -5.09 -28.57 1630 -9.40 2.34 -21.13 1631 2.99 14.73 -8.75 1632 1.87 13.60 -9.87 1633 2.16 13.90 -9.57 1634 -3.40 8.34 -15.14 1635 -7.02 4.71 -18.76 1636 -14.98 -3.24 -26.71 1637 -16.30 -4.57 -28.04 1638 -11.57 0.16 -23.31 1639 -14.77 -3.04 -26.51 1640 -22.20 -10.46 -33.94 1641 -9.76 1.97 -21.50 1642 4.67 16.40 -7.07 1643 0.45 12.19 -11.28 1644 1.07 12.81 -10.66 1645 -0.98 10.75 -12.72 1646 -8.51 3.22 -20.25 1647 6.91 18.65 -4.83 1648 5.47 17.21 -6.26 1649 -8.33 3.40 -20.07 1650 7.86 19.59 -3.88 1651 -1.28 10.46 -13.01 1652 6.47 18.20 -5.27 1653 10.69 22.42 -1.05 1654 3.17 14.90 -8.57 1655 -2.80 8.93 -14.54 1656 -3.25 8.48 -14.99 1657 -4.87 6.86 -16.61 1658 10.90 22.63 -0.84 1659 8.18 19.91 -3.56 1660 4.96 16.69 -6.78 1661 -6.75 4.98 -18.49 1662 21.38 33.12 9.65 1663 8.54 20.28 -3.19 1664 9.02 20.76 -2.71 1665 1.36 13.10 -10.38 1666 2.91 14.64 -8.83 1667 -7.03 4.71 -18.77 1668 -2.97 8.77 -14.70 1669 4.62 16.35 -7.12 1670 0.78 12.51 -10.96 1671 4.96 16.69 -6.78 1672 4.84 16.57 -6.90 1673 3.48 15.22 -8.25 1674 3.89 15.62 -7.85 1675 5.58 17.32 -6.15 1676 6.43 18.17 -5.30 1677 3.07 14.81 -8.67 1678 7.59 19.33 -4.14 1679 10.16 21.90 -1.57 1680 -4.81 6.93 -16.55 1681 7.20 18.93 -4.54 1682 -0.34 11.40 -12.07 1683 -4.59 7.15 -16.33 1684 -16.47 -4.73 -28.20 1685 -1.43 10.30 -13.17 1686 -8.89 2.85 -20.62 1687 -2.36 9.38 -14.10 1688 2.24 13.98 -9.49 1689 -2.91 8.83 -14.64 1690 -6.34 5.40 -18.07 1691 -6.25 5.48 -17.99 1692 -3.82 7.92 -15.56 1693 6.03 17.77 -5.71 1694 -9.18 2.55 -20.92 1695 3.56 15.30 -8.18 1696 -2.36 9.38 -14.09 1697 -4.89 6.84 -16.63 1698 9.57 21.31 -2.17 1699 6.38 18.12 -5.35 1700 -1.53 10.21 -13.26 1701 -1.25 10.49 -12.98 1702 2.25 13.98 -9.49 1703 6.77 18.51 -4.96 1704 -1.33 10.40 -13.07 1705 -0.23 11.50 -11.97 1706 1.41 13.14 -10.33 1707 5.19 16.92 -6.55 1708 3.61 15.35 -8.13 1709 7.35 19.09 -4.39 1710 -0.86 10.88 -12.59 1711 -8.58 3.16 -20.32 1712 -1.06 10.67 -12.80 1713 -4.75 6.99 -16.49 1714 1.51 13.25 -10.22 1715 1.29 13.03 -10.44 1716 0.66 12.40 -11.08 1717 -9.53 2.20 -21.27 1718 -0.78 10.95 -12.52 1719 -12.50 -0.76 -24.24 1720 -13.54 -1.80 -25.27 1721 -10.63 1.10 -22.37 1722 -9.47 2.27 -21.21 1723 -0.46 11.28 -12.19 1724 7.66 19.39 -4.08 1725 5.76 17.49 -5.98 1726 1.90 13.64 -9.84 1727 0.67 12.41 -11.07 1728 5.01 16.75 -6.73 1729 -8.65 3.09 -20.38 1730 10.66 22.39 -1.08 1731 3.69 15.43 -8.04 1732 -1.04 10.69 -12.78 1733 0.52 12.26 -11.21 1734 -3.02 8.71 -14.76 1735 9.02 20.76 -2.71 1736 13.13 24.86 1.39 1737 -7.72 4.02 -19.46 1738 9.77 21.51 -1.96 1739 3.63 15.36 -8.11 1740 6.32 18.05 -5.42 1741 -2.76 8.98 -14.49 1742 4.18 15.92 -7.56 1743 2.48 14.22 -9.25 1744 11.93 23.67 0.20 1745 17.46 29.19 5.72 1746 0.07 11.80 -11.67 1747 0.82 12.56 -10.92 1748 -0.07 11.66 -11.81 1749 3.06 14.80 -8.67 1750 2.92 14.66 -8.81 1751 13.60 25.33 1.86 1752 -5.93 5.81 -17.66 1753 9.97 21.70 -1.77 1754 1.96 13.69 -9.78 1755 8.64 20.38 -3.10 1756 10.87 22.61 -0.87 1757 2.09 13.83 -9.65 1758 -3.28 8.46 -15.02 1759 -21.70 -9.96 -33.44 1760 3.50 15.24 -8.23 1761 12.06 23.80 0.33 1762 -6.41 5.33 -18.15 1763 0.70 12.43 -11.04 1764 -4.95 6.79 -16.68 1765 -5.23 6.50 -16.97 1766 -0.13 11.61 -11.86 1767 4.54 16.28 -7.20 1768 2.10 13.84 -9.64 1769 -4.41 7.32 -16.15 1770 2.39 14.13 -9.35 1771 -0.59 11.15 -12.32 1772 0.13 11.86 -11.61 1773 0.52 12.25 -11.22 1774 -1.69 10.05 -13.42 1775 7.70 19.43 -4.04 1776 -1.31 10.43 -13.04 1777 -6.85 4.89 -18.59 1778 -9.90 1.84 -21.63 1779 -4.16 7.58 -15.90 1780 1.55 13.28 -10.19 1781 9.84 21.58 -1.89 1782 7.12 18.85 -4.62 1783 4.21 15.95 -7.52 1784 -4.85 6.89 -16.59 1785 -1.77 9.97 -13.51 1786 -1.75 9.99 -13.48 1787 3.92 15.66 -7.82 1788 -3.04 8.70 -14.77 1789 3.79 15.52 -7.95 1790 3.14 14.88 -8.59 1791 5.92 17.66 -5.81 1792 -4.46 7.28 -16.20 1793 2.11 13.85 -9.62 1794 -1.12 10.62 -12.86 1795 -1.46 10.28 -13.20 1796 -11.87 -0.13 -23.61 1797 -4.54 7.20 -16.27 1798 2.59 14.33 -9.14 1799 5.01 16.74 -6.73 1800 1.51 13.25 -10.22 1801 -8.51 3.22 -20.25 1802 2.78 14.52 -8.96 1803 -0.37 11.37 -12.11 1804 -6.59 5.15 -18.33 1805 -12.90 -1.16 -24.64 1806 13.80 25.53 2.06 1807 -4.92 6.82 -16.65 1808 0.37 12.11 -11.36 1809 -6.31 5.43 -18.04 1810 2.71 14.45 -9.02 1811 13.84 25.58 2.11 1812 -1.69 10.05 -13.43 1813 -12.80 -1.06 -24.53 1814 -2.00 9.74 -13.73 1815 9.60 21.34 -2.14 1816 0.25 11.99 -11.49 1817 -2.07 9.66 -13.81 1818 -4.80 6.93 -16.54 1819 14.31 26.05 2.58 1820 6.76 18.50 -4.97 1821 6.86 18.60 -4.88 1822 11.02 22.76 -0.71 1823 15.65 27.39 3.91 1824 -6.05 5.68 -17.79 1825 2.86 14.59 -8.88 1826 5.81 17.55 -5.92 1827 4.52 16.26 -7.22 1828 -0.91 10.83 -12.65 1829 0.06 11.79 -11.68 1830 7.25 18.99 -4.48 1831 2.31 14.05 -9.42 1832 4.77 16.51 -6.97 1833 -3.97 7.77 -15.71 1834 -4.46 7.27 -16.20 1835 -0.58 11.15 -12.32 1836 -5.64 6.10 -17.37 1837 -0.85 10.89 -12.58 1838 -0.76 10.97 -12.50 1839 -0.95 10.79 -12.69 1840 3.09 14.83 -8.65 1841 2.18 13.91 -9.56 1842 4.11 15.84 -7.63 1843 7.47 19.20 -4.27 1844 10.04 21.78 -1.70 1845 -8.16 3.57 -19.90 1846 -5.45 6.29 -17.18 1847 -2.43 9.31 -14.17 1848 8.21 19.95 -3.52 1849 2.65 14.38 -9.09 1850 5.40 17.14 -6.34 1851 18.00 29.73 6.26 1852 14.33 26.07 2.60 1853 1.73 13.46 -10.01 1854 7.75 19.49 -3.98 1855 2.10 13.83 -9.64 1856 3.32 15.05 -8.42 1857 -5.85 5.89 -17.58 1858 -1.77 9.97 -13.51 1859 -1.33 10.41 -13.07 1860 0.97 12.70 -10.77 1861 -3.21 8.53 -14.94 1862 -13.52 -1.78 -25.26 1863 0.58 12.31 -11.16 1864 -4.02 7.71 -15.76 1865 -7.65 4.09 -19.38 1866 1.97 13.70 -9.77 1867 13.17 24.91 1.43 1868 -0.39 11.34 -12.13 1869 3.96 15.70 -7.77 1870 0.42 12.16 -11.32 1871 6.98 18.72 -4.76 1872 -5.58 6.16 -17.31 1873 5.29 17.03 -6.45 1874 -3.47 8.27 -15.20 1875 -1.06 10.68 -12.79 1876 -5.81 5.93 -17.54 1877 -28.32 -16.59 -40.06 1878 -15.52 -3.78 -27.25 1879 2.25 13.98 -9.49 1880 2.39 14.13 -9.35 1881 4.89 16.63 -6.85 1882 2.07 13.80 -9.67 1883 5.77 17.51 -5.96 1884 9.64 21.37 -2.10 1885 8.37 20.10 -3.37 1886 5.05 16.79 -6.69 1887 10.23 21.97 -1.50 1888 7.13 18.87 -4.60 1889 16.88 28.61 5.14 1890 5.98 17.72 -5.75 1891 -7.53 4.21 -19.27 1892 -15.93 -4.19 -27.66 1893 1.13 12.86 -10.61 1894 4.94 16.67 -6.80 1895 -3.60 8.14 -15.33 1896 1.47 13.21 -10.27 1897 4.73 16.47 -7.01 1898 8.41 20.14 -3.33 1899 -1.83 9.91 -13.56 1900 -25.92 -14.19 -37.66 1901 -12.49 -0.75 -24.22 1902 -1.62 10.12 -13.35 1903 7.48 19.21 -4.26 1904 1.60 13.34 -10.13 1905 2.79 14.52 -8.95 1906 11.40 23.14 -0.33 1907 8.09 19.83 -3.65 1908 -10.87 0.87 -22.61 1909 -3.04 8.70 -14.78 1910 22.04 33.77 10.30 1911 7.11 18.84 -4.63 1912 1.19 12.93 -10.55 1913 6.64 18.38 -5.10 1914 7.49 19.23 -4.24 1915 -7.07 4.67 -18.81 1916 -6.05 5.69 -17.79 1917 7.14 18.87 -4.60 1918 8.50 20.23 -3.24 1919 -1.72 10.02 -13.45 1920 -1.70 10.04 -13.44 1921 18.22 29.95 6.48 1922 -4.31 7.42 -16.05 1923 11.75 23.48 0.01 1924 -5.58 6.16 -17.31 1925 -1.95 9.79 -13.69 1926 -4.23 7.51 -15.96 1927 1.86 13.60 -9.88 1928 -30.07 -18.33 -41.80 1929 -25.25 -13.52 -36.99 1930 2.49 14.23 -9.24 1931 11.96 23.70 0.22 1932 -0.19 11.54 -11.93 1933 15.05 26.79 3.32 1934 16.15 27.88 4.41 1935 9.49 21.23 -2.24 1936 10.14 21.88 -1.59 1937 11.19 22.93 -0.55 1938 13.89 25.62 2.15 1939 -10.51 1.22 -22.25 1940 15.38 27.11 3.64 1941 -8.71 3.02 -20.45 1942 -16.94 -5.20 -28.67 1943 13.79 25.53 2.05 1944 -1.53 10.21 -13.26 1945 2.53 14.27 -9.21 1946 -0.20 11.53 -11.94 1947 14.24 25.97 2.50 1948 -0.70 11.04 -12.44 1949 19.40 31.14 7.66 1950 -4.28 7.46 -16.01 1951 -3.12 8.61 -14.86 1952 0.11 11.85 -11.63 1953 -12.38 -0.65 -24.12 1954 -1.74 10.00 -13.48 1955 -0.69 11.05 -12.42 1956 17.90 29.63 6.16 1957 -12.04 -0.31 -23.78 1958 14.31 26.05 2.57 1959 4.65 16.38 -7.09 1960 -12.81 -1.08 -24.55 1961 17.37 29.10 5.63 9.40 1962 -2.08 9.65 -13.82 -0.17 1963 3.93 15.67 -7.80 3.73 1964 15.84 27.57 4.10 10.21 1965 -16.90 -5.16 -28.64 -23.52 1966 4.89 16.62 -6.85 10.74 1967 14.97 26.71 3.24 17.81 1968 4.31 16.04 -7.43 4.32 1969 -18.22 -6.48 -29.96 -18.22 1970 1.56 13.29 -10.18 -6.26 1971 -18.51 -6.78 -30.25 -14.57 1972 -21.46 -9.72 -33.20 -12.91 1973 -0.38 11.36 -12.11 1.86 1974 -7.49 4.24 -19.23 -10.59 1975 3.42 15.16 -8.32 10.69 1976 5.09 16.82 -6.65 -1.38 1977 0.88 12.61 -10.86 -14.42 1978 -6.48 5.25 -18.22 6.06 1979 -6.67 5.06 -18.41 -3.79 1980 1.29 13.03 -10.44 5.12 1981 16.92 28.65 5.18 23.32 1982 -10.19 1.55 -21.92 -10.81 1983 14.29 26.02 2.55 9.54 1984 20.84 32.58 9.10 19.89 1985 5.57 17.31 -6.17 4.92 1986 -16.82 -5.08 -28.55 -11.39 1987 -5.86 5.88 -17.59 -9.67 1988 4.84 16.58 -6.90 -4.62 1989 -1.35 10.39 -13.08 -1.07 1990 10.51 22.24 -1.23 5.80 1991 -23.41 -11.67 -35.14 -21.32 1992 0.52 12.25 -11.22 7.95 1993 -11.93 -0.20 -23.67 2.33 1994 -23.07 -11.33 -34.80 -18.08 1995 -20.36 -8.62 -32.09 -17.19 1996 -12.67 -0.93 -24.40 -15.71 1997 -28.76 -17.03 -40.50 -30.55 1998 5.59 17.33 -6.14 0.33 1999 -12.68 -0.94 -24.42 -8.74 2000 -21.75 -10.01 -33.48 -12.20 2001 -7.28 2002 -24.45 2003 4.66 2004 -13.63 2005 0.65 2006 -12.37 2007 -12.30 2008 -14.94 2009 -5.30 2010 2.21