Turrumote Reef, Puerto Rico Coral Radiocarbon Data ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Turrumote Reef, Puerto Rico Coral Radiocarbon Data LAST UPDATE: 6/2008 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTOR: Hali Kilbourne, McDaniel College IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2008-056 WDC PALEO CONTRIBUTION SERIES CITATION: Kilbourne, K.H., et al. 2008. Turrumote Reef, Puerto Rico Coral Radiocarbon Data. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2008-056. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Kilbourne, K.H., T.M. Quinn, T.P. Guilderson, R.S. Webb, and F.W. Taylor. 2007. Decadal- to interannual-scale source water variations in the Caribbean Sea recorded by Puerto Rican coral radiocarbon. Climate Dynamics, Vol. 29, pp.51–62. doi: 10.1007/s00382-007-0224-2 ABSTRACT: Water that forms the Florida Current, and eventually the Gulf Stream, coalesces in the Caribbean from both subtropical and equatorial sources. The equatorial sources are made up of, in part, South Atlantic water moving northward and compensating for southward flow at depth related to meridional overturning circulation. Subtropical surface water contains relatively high amounts of radiocarbon (14C), whereas equatorial waters are influenced by the upwelling of low 14C water and have relatively low concentrations of 14C. We use a 250 year record of D14C in a coral from southwestern Puerto Rico along with previously published coral D14C records as tracers of subtropical and equatorial water mixing in the northern Caribbean. Data generated in this study and from other studies indicate that the influence of either of the two water masses can change considerably on interannual to interdecadal time scales. Variability due to ocean dynamics in this region is large relative to variability caused by atmospheric 14C changes, thus masking the Suess effect at this site. A mixing model produced using coral D14C illustrates the time varying proportion of equatorial versus subtropical waters in the northern Caribbean between 1963 and 1983. The results of the model are consistent with linkages between multidecadal thermal variability in the North Atlantic and meridional overturning circulation. Ekman transport changes related to tradewind variability are proposed as a possible mechanism to explain the observed switches between relatively low and high D14C values in the coral radiocarbon records. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Caribbean Sea PERIOD OF RECORD: 1751 - 2004 AD FUNDING SOURCES: Elsie and William Knight Oceanographic Fellowship and the United States National Science Foundation grant number OCE-0327420. DESCRIPTION: Analyses of radiocarbon from a 245cm. modern Montastraea faviolata coral core collected in August of 2004. The annual samples consist of material from one dense band and the less dense band deposited previously. They are approximately centered about January of the year with which they are labeled. The radiocarbon data are reported as age corrected Delta 14C as described in Stuiver and Polach 1977 (Radiocarbon 19:355–363), and are corrected for a uniform d13C value of -2 permil. Radiocarbon analyses were performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by the University of California Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (contract W-7405-Eng-48). Core location: Turrumote Reef (17.93457°N, 67.00123°W, ~5m water depth), offshore from La Parguera, Puerto Rico. DATA: Turrumote Reef, Puerto Rico Coral 14C, raw data Age model by density band counting Column 1: Year (centered on January of named year) Column 2: Age Corrected Delta14C Column 3: Error (permil) Column 4: Percent Error Year Delta14C Error %Error 2004 65.1 3 0.28% 2003 70.5 3.2 0.30% 2001 68.8 3.5 0.32% 2000 77.1 3.6 0.33% 1999 79.6 3.3 0.30% 1998 70.4 3.2 0.30% 1997 81 3.3 0.30% 1996 91.1 3.5 0.32% 1994 84.3 3.2 0.30% 1993 88.4 3.3 0.30% 1991 90.1 3.3 0.30% 1990 100.3 3.3 0.30% 1989 87.8 3.1 0.29% 1988 108.6 3.4 0.30% 1987 106 4.1 0.37% 1986 108.1 3.4 0.30% 1985 118 3.4 0.30% 1983 111.4 3.4 0.30% 1982 115.7 3.4 0.30% 1980 129.1 3.8 0.33% 1979 114.9 3.4 0.30% 1978 127.5 3.4 0.30% 1977 129 3.4 0.30% 1976 147.7 3.8 0.33% 1975 145.2 3.5 0.30% 1974 130.7 5.4 0.48% 1973 132.7 3.4 0.30% 1972 135.5 3.8 0.33% 1971 120.4 3.5 0.31% 1970 127.5 4.1 0.37% 1969 116.8 3.9 0.34% 1968 110.5 3.9 0.35% 1967 87.9 3.4 0.31% 1966 79.1 3.3 0.31% 1965 62.3 3.3 0.31% 1964 22.9 3.4 0.33% 1963 3.2 3.5 0.34% 1963 -0.5 3.3 0.33% 1962 -9.9 2.9 0.30% 1961 -25.7 3 0.31% 1960 -32.1 3 0.31% 1959 -45.8 3.1 0.32% 1958 -47.3 2.9 0.30% 1957 -49.1 3.2 0.34% 1956 -57.4 2.6 0.28% 1955 -61.9 2.9 0.30% 1954 -63.4 2.9 0.30% 1953 -64.9 3.1 0.34% 1952 -64.5 2.8 0.30% 1951 -63.3 3 0.33% 1950 -53.5 2.8 0.30% 1945 -56.7 3.1 0.33% 1940 -53.6 3.4 0.36% 1935 -54.4 2.8 0.30% 1930 -52.6 2.6 0.28% 1925 -53.1 3.6 0.38% 1920 -49 3.4 0.36% 1915 -43.1 3.1 0.33% 1910 -49.2 2.8 0.30% 1905 -49.2 2.8 0.30% 1900 -50.9 2.8 0.30% 1895 -49.1 2.8 0.30% 1890 -59.3 2.8 0.30% 1885 -56.7 2.8 0.30% 1880 -50.4 2.8 0.30% 1875 -51.2 3.2 0.34% 1870 -48 3.6 0.38% 1865 -49.2 2.8 0.30% 1860 -47.3 2.8 0.29% 1855 -55 2.8 0.30% 1849 -48.3 3.2 0.34% 1845 -47.1 2.7 0.29% 1840 -53.7 2.8 0.30% 1835 -54.8 2.9 0.31% 1830 -51.5 2.9 0.31% 1825 -52.4 3 0.32% 1820 -51.8 2.9 0.31% 1815 -49.8 2.9 0.31% 1810 -59 2.9 0.31% 1805 -57.3 3.6 0.39% 1800 -49.4 2.9 0.26% 1795 -49.2 4.2 0.41% 1790 -54.3 2.8 0.30% 1785 -50.1 3.5 0.38% 1780 -44.3 2.8 0.30% 1775 -45.4 3 0.32% 1770 -50 2.8 0.30% 1765 -53 2.8 0.30% 1760 -53.4 2.7 0.30% 1755 -47.6 2.8 0.30% 1751 -50.4 2.8 0.30%