# Mentawai Coral d18O Data and DMI Reconstruction #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/8607 # # Original_Source_URL: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/indian_ocean/mentawai2008.txt # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Corals and Sclerosponges #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2009-11-01 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Mentawai - d18O Data and DMI Reconstruction #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Abram, N.J.; Gagan, M.K.; Cole, J.E.; Hantoro, W.S.; Mudelsee, M. #-------------------- # Description_and_Notes # Description: Monthly record of oxygen isotope ratios (d18O) from 3 coral cores in the Mentawai Island arc, western Indonesia, and reconstructed Indian Ocean dipole mode index (DMI). The Mentawai Islands are located ~200 km offshore of Sumatra in western Indonesia (~0�S, 98�30'E), within the eastern region used to define the Indian Ocean DMI. A 2.7 m long core (PG01-A-2, 0�08'S, 98�31'E, 6m. water depth) was extracted from a dead modern Porites sp. coral in June 2001 using an underwater hydraulic drill-rig. This coral colony is part of a fringing reef system approximately 400 m offshore of Penang Island, a small coral cay in the northern Mentawai Island chain. A second core was collected from a dead modern Porites sp. coral in 1.2 m water depth at a fore-reef slope offshore of Tanabala Island (TN99-A-4; 0�24'S, 98�31'E; 29 cm long core collected July 1999). A third core was sampled from a live Porites sp. coral growing in ~6 m water depth on the fore-reef slope of a fringing reef on Tanamasa Island (TM01-A-10; 0�23'S, 98�33'E; 33 cm long core collected June 2001). The individual coral records span 1858-1992 (PG01-A-2), 1990-1996 (TN99-A-4), and 1993-1997 (TM01-A-10). Adjustments of +0.27� for the TN99-A-4 coral and -0.09� for the TM01-A-10 coral were applied to match the mean d18O values of these shorter records to the PG01-A-2 d18O record. Following these adjustments, the periods of overlap between the individual d18O time series were averaged to produce the Mentawai coral d18O record. Anomalies were calculated by removing the average seasonal cycle of d18O. The approximately 7 month gap in the Mentawai record in 1915/1916 is due to a boring in the PG01-A-2 coral skeleton at this point. The Mentawai coral d18O record has significant correlations with local SST in a range of gridded SST products including the Reynoldsv2 blended ship, buoy and satellite SST record (rJul-Nov = -0.90, p = 0.0000, 1982-1997), the HadISST compilation (rJul-Nov = -0.58, p = 0.0000, 1958-1997), and the ERSSTv3 SST dataset based on ICOADS ship measurements (rJul-Nov = -0.42, p = 0.0000, 1880-1997). The coral DMI was derived from coral d18O anomaly records from the Mentawai Islands (this study; Supplementary Table 1), Bali (Charles et al 2003), and Seychelles (Charles et al 1997, Pfeiffer and Dullo 2006). The filtered DMI was calculated using the method described by Saji et al.(1999), where variability at periods longer than 7 years has been removed. The unfiltered DMI retains IOD variability at periods longer than 7 years. Both coral DMIs have been normalised over the 1960-1990 interval. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Abram, N.J.; Gagan, M.K.; Cole, J.E.; Hantoro, W.S.; Mudelsee, M. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2008 # Published_Title: Recent intensification of tropical climate variability in the Indian Ocean. # Journal_Name: Nature Geoscience # Volume: 1 # Edition: # Issue: 12 # Pages: 849-853 # DOI: 10.1038/ngeo357 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: Abram, N.J., M.K. Gagan, J.E. Cole, W.S. Hantoro, and M. Mudelsee. 2008. Recent intensification of tropical climate variability in the Indian Ocean. Nature Geoscience, Vol. 1 (12), pp. 849-853, doi:10.1038/ngeo357. # Abstract: The interplay of the El Nino Southern Oscillation, Asian monsoon and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) drives climatic extremes in and around the Indian Ocean. Historical and proxy records reveal changes in the behaviour of the El Nino Southern Oscillation and the Asian monsoon over recent decades. However, reliable instrumental records of the IOD cover only the past 50 years, and there is no consensus on long- term variability of the IOD or its possible response to greenhouse gas forcing. Here we use a suite of coral oxygen-isotope records to reconstruct a basin-wide index of IOD behaviour since AD 1846. Our record reveals an increase in the frequency and strength of IOD events during the twentieth century, which is associated with enhanced seasonal upwelling in the eastern Indian Ocean. Although the El Nino Southern Oscillation has historically influenced the variability of both the IOD and the Asian monsoon, we find that the recent intensification of the IOD coincides with the development of direct, positive IOD-monsoon feedbacks. We suggest that projected greenhouse warming may lead to a redistribution of rainfall across the Indian Ocean and a growing interdependence between the IOD and Asian monsoon precipitation variability. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Charles, C.D.; Cobb, K.M.; Moore, M.D.; Fairbanks, R.G. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2003 # Published_Title: Monsoon-tropical ocean interaction in a network of coral records spanning the 20th century. # Journal_Name: Mar. Geol. # Volume: 201 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 925-928 # DOI: # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: Charles, C.D., D.E. Hunter, and R.G. Fairbanks. 1997. Interaction between the ENSO and the Asian monsoon in a coral record of tropical climate. Science 277, 925�928. # Abstract: #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Charles, C.D.; Hunter, D.E.; Fairbanks, R.G. # Published_Date_or_Year: 1997 # Published_Title: Interaction between the ENSO and the Asian monsoon in a coral record of tropical climate. # Journal_Name: Science # Volume: 277 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 849-853 # DOI: # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: Abram, N.J., M.K. Gagan, J.E. Cole, W.S. Hantoro, and M. Mudelsee. 2008. Recent intensification of tropical climate variability in the Indian Ocean. Nature Geoscience, Vol. 1 (12), pp. 849-853, doi:10.1038/ngeo357. # Abstract: #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Pfeiffer, M.; Dullo, W.C # Published_Date_or_Year: 2006 # Published_Title: Monsoon-induced cooling of the western equatorial Indian Ocean as recorded in coral oxygen isotope records from the Seychelles covering the period of 1840�1994 AD. # Journal_Name: Quat. Sci. Rev. # Volume: 25 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 993-1009 # DOI: # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: Abram, N.J., M.K. Gagan, J.E. Cole, W.S. Hantoro, and M. Mudelsee. 2008. Recent intensification of tropical climate variability in the Indian Ocean. Nature Geoscience, Vol. 1 (12), pp. 849-853, doi:10.1038/ngeo357. # Abstract: #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Saji, N.H; Goswami, B.N.; Vinayachandran, P.H.; Yamagata, T. # Published_Date_or_Year: 1999 # Published_Title: A dipole mode in the tropical Indian Ocean. # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: 401 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 360-363 # DOI: # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: Saji, N.H., B.N. Goswami, P.H. Vinayachandran, and T. Yamagata. 1999. A dipole mode in the tropical Indian Ocean. Nature 401, 360�363. # Abstract: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Research School of Earth Sciences Jaeger Scholarship # Grant: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Australian Research Council # Grant: DP0663227 #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Mantawai Islands, West Sumatra, Indonesia # Location: Ocean>Indian Ocean>Indonesia>Sumatra # Country: Indonesia # Northernmost_Latitude: -0.13 # Southernmost_Latitude: -0.13 # Easternmost_Longitude: 98.52 # Westernmost_Longitude: 98.52 # Elevation: -6 m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: 08suma01b # Earliest_Year: 1846 # Most_Recent_Year: 1994 # Time_Unit: AD # Core_Length: # Notes: The coral DMI was derived from coral d18O anomaly records from the Mentawai Islands (this study; Supplementary Table 1), Bali (Charles et al 2003), and Seychelles (Charles et al 1997, Pfeiffer and Dullo 2006). The filtered DMI was calculated using the method described by Saji et al.(1999), where variability at periods longer than 7 years has been removed. The unfiltered DMI retains IOD variability at periods longer than 7 years. Both coral DMIs have been normalised over the 1960-1990 interval. #------------------ # Species # Species_Name: Porites lutea # Common_Name: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ##age age, , ,years AD, , , , ,N ##dmi_filt Dipole Mode Index, , , unitless, , Climate Reconstructions, filtered; normalized, coral delta 18O,N ##dmi Dipole Mode Index, , , unitless, , Climate Reconstructions, normalized, coral delta 18O,N # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: NAN # age dmi_filt dmi 1846.04 -0.16 -0.92 1846.12 0.23 -0.6 1846.21 0.41 -0.47 1846.29 0.63 -0.31 1846.37 0.37 -0.61 1846.46 0.69 -0.38 1846.54 0.85 -0.29 1846.62 1.05 -0.17 1846.71 1.49 0.17 1846.79 1.18 -0.15 1846.87 0.9 -0.44 1846.96 0.67 -0.69 1847.04 0.35 -1.01 1847.12 -0.26 -1.59 1847.21 -0.57 -1.9 1847.29 -0.89 -2.22 1847.37 -1.33 -2.64 1847.46 -1.6 -2.92 1847.54 -1.86 -3.17 1847.62 -1.58 -2.94 1847.71 -1.65 -3.02 1847.79 -1.45 -2.85 1847.87 -0.93 -2.39 1847.96 -0.94 -2.42 1848.04 -0.61 -2.12 1848.12 -0.24 -1.79 1848.21 -0.09 -1.66 1848.29 -0.26 -1.82 1848.37 -0.33 -1.89 1848.46 -0.64 -2.17 1848.54 -0.61 -2.13 1848.62 -0.64 -2.16 1848.71 -0.49 -2.01 1848.79 -0.18 -1.72 1848.87 0.2 -1.37 1848.96 0.37 -1.2 1849.04 0.56 -1.02 1849.12 0.58 -0.99 1849.21 0.51 -1.03 1849.29 0.13 -1.35 1849.37 -0.17 -1.61 1849.46 -0.16 -1.58 1849.54 -0.43 -1.81 1849.62 -0.57 -1.91 1849.71 -0.29 -1.63 1849.79 -0.26 -1.58 1849.87 -0.5 -1.77 1849.96 -0.24 -1.5 1850.04 0.29 -0.99 1850.12 -0.28 -1.49 1850.21 -0.89 -2.01 1850.29 -1.02 -2.1 1850.37 -0.85 -1.91 1850.46 -1.08 -2.09 1850.54 -0.85 -1.85 1850.62 -0.37 -1.38 1850.71 -0.18 -1.17 1850.79 -0.26 -1.21 1850.87 0.01 -0.93 1850.96 0.61 -0.35 1851.04 0.58 -0.34 1851.12 0.31 -0.56 1851.21 0.49 -0.36 1851.29 0.61 -0.21 1851.37 0.97 0.14 1851.46 1.56 0.72 1851.54 2.19 1.33 1851.62 2.15 1.33 1851.71 1.81 1.05 1851.79 1.1 0.44 1851.87 0.41 -0.16 1851.96 0.45 -0.08 1852.04 0.1 -0.37 1852.12 -0.44 -0.83 1852.21 -0.59 -0.93 1852.29 -0.43 -0.76 1852.37 -1.06 -1.29 1852.46 -1.38 -1.55 1852.54 -1.46 -1.6 1852.62 -1.6 -1.69 1852.71 -1.62 -1.68 1852.79 -1.46 -1.5 1852.87 -1.02 -1.07 1852.96 -0.76 -0.8 1853.04 -0.87 -0.87 1853.12 -0.67 -0.66 1853.21 -0.38 -0.37 1853.29 -0.12 -0.1 1853.37 -0.18 -0.12 1853.46 -0.24 -0.15 1853.54 -0.68 -0.53 1853.62 -1.33 -1.1 1853.71 -1.78 -1.48 1853.79 -1.38 -1.09 1853.87 -0.53 -0.29 1853.96 -0.02 0.2 1854.04 0.35 0.56 1854.12 0.63 0.84 1854.21 0.37 0.62 1854.29 -0.25 0.08 1854.37 -0.5 -0.13 1854.46 -0.3 0.07 1854.54 -0.14 0.24 1854.62 0.28 0.64 1854.71 0.42 0.78 1854.79 0.26 0.65 1854.87 0.01 0.43 1854.96 -0.55 -0.06 1855.04 -1 -0.46 1855.12 -1.15 -0.58 1855.21 -1.24 -0.66 1855.29 -1.02 -0.45 1855.37 -0.51 0.02 1855.46 -0.28 0.24 1855.54 -0.02 0.48 1855.62 0.55 1 1855.71 0.69 1.13 1855.79 0.77 1.21 1855.87 0.98 1.39 1855.96 1.05 1.45 1856.04 0.82 1.24 1856.12 0.33 0.79 1856.21 -0.03 0.46 1856.29 -0.12 0.36 1856.37 -0.7 -0.17 1856.46 -0.15 0.32 1856.54 0.53 0.93 1856.62 0.79 1.15 1856.71 1.25 1.55 1856.79 2.15 2.35 1856.87 2.13 2.32 1856.96 1.29 1.53 1857.04 0.61 0.89 1857.12 -0.62 -0.25 1857.21 -1.73 -1.29 1857.29 -2.8 -2.29 1857.37 -2.91 -2.41 1857.46 -2.75 -2.29 1857.54 -2.19 -1.81 1857.62 -1.54 -1.25 1857.71 -1.06 -0.84 1857.79 -0.49 -0.35 1857.87 0.21 0.26 1857.96 0.17 0.19 1858.04 -0.13 -0.11 1858.12 -0.01 0.01 1858.21 0.21 0.23 1858.29 -0.02 0.05 1858.37 0.3 0.37 1858.46 0.91 0.96 1858.54 1.23 1.25 1858.62 1.24 1.25 1858.71 1.3 1.29 1858.79 0.96 0.98 1858.87 0.7 0.74 1858.96 0.48 0.53 1859.04 0.39 0.44 1859.12 0.27 0.32 1859.21 0.54 0.56 1859.29 0.47 0.48 1859.37 0.26 0.29 1859.46 -0.23 -0.17 1859.54 -1.01 -0.9 1859.62 -0.99 -0.89 1859.71 -0.71 -0.64 1859.79 -0.39 -0.36 1859.87 -0.05 -0.06 1859.96 0.44 0.37 1860.04 0.29 0.22 1860.12 0.25 0.18 1860.21 0.56 0.45 1860.29 0.74 0.6 1860.37 0.77 0.62 1860.46 0.5 0.35 1860.54 -0.09 -0.19 1860.62 -0.68 -0.74 1860.71 -0.84 -0.89 1860.79 -0.12 -0.25 1860.87 0.32 0.13 1860.96 0.77 0.53 1861.04 1.07 0.8 1861.12 0.79 0.53 1861.21 -0.12 -0.31 1861.29 -0.71 -0.86 1861.37 -1 -1.13 1861.46 -1.18 -1.3 1861.54 -0.67 -0.85 1861.62 -0.34 -0.56 1861.71 0.02 -0.24 1861.79 0.17 -0.11 1861.87 -0.01 -0.28 1861.96 -0.26 -0.52 1862.04 -0.46 -0.71 1862.12 -0.7 -0.93 1862.21 -0.66 -0.91 1862.29 -0.42 -0.69 1862.37 -0.33 -0.62 1862.46 -0.06 -0.37 1862.54 0.23 -0.11 1862.62 0.13 -0.21 1862.71 -0.22 -0.53 1862.79 -0.15 -0.47 1862.87 -0.1 -0.42 1862.96 0.02 -0.32 1863.04 0.05 -0.3 1863.12 0.26 -0.1 1863.21 -0.01 -0.35 1863.29 -0.35 -0.65 1863.37 -0.68 -0.95 1863.46 -0.71 -0.98 1863.54 -0.84 -1.09 1863.62 -0.72 -0.98 1863.71 -0.35 -0.64 1863.79 -0.05 -0.37 1863.87 0.12 -0.21 1863.96 0.1 -0.22 1864.04 0.32 -0.01 1864.12 0.43 0.09 1864.21 0.51 0.17 1864.29 0.8 0.44 1864.37 1.13 0.75 1864.46 1.19 0.81 1864.54 1.44 1.05 1864.62 1.46 1.08 1864.71 1.42 1.05 1864.79 1.2 0.86 1864.87 0.6 0.32 1864.96 -0.22 -0.41 1865.04 -0.62 -0.76 1865.12 -1.29 -1.36 1865.21 -1.41 -1.46 1865.29 -1.05 -1.12 1865.37 -0.6 -0.7 1865.46 -0.31 -0.42 1865.54 -0.01 -0.14 1865.62 0.03 -0.08 1865.71 -0.27 -0.35 1865.79 -0.4 -0.45 1865.87 -0.56 -0.58 1865.96 -0.22 -0.26 1866.04 -0.06 -0.1 1866.12 0.09 0.06 1866.21 -0.13 -0.13 1866.29 -0.47 -0.43 1866.37 -0.99 -0.88 1866.46 -1.4 -1.24 1866.54 -1.38 -1.21 1866.62 -0.99 -0.84 1866.71 -0.47 -0.35 1866.79 0.06 0.14 1866.87 0.57 0.62 1866.96 0.83 0.88 1867.04 0.83 0.88 1867.12 0.51 0.61 1867.21 0.03 0.19 1867.29 -0.44 -0.23 1867.37 -0.75 -0.51 1867.46 -1.13 -0.84 1867.54 -0.93 -0.65 1867.62 -0.63 -0.37 1867.71 -0.26 -0.02 1867.79 0.04 0.26 1867.87 0.24 0.45 1867.96 0.12 0.35 1868.04 0.02 0.26 1868.12 -0.24 0.03 1868.21 -0.45 -0.16 1868.29 -0.41 -0.12 1868.37 -0.3 -0.02 1868.46 -0.15 0.12 1868.54 0.22 0.45 1868.62 0.4 0.62 1868.71 0.44 0.65 1868.79 0.2 0.43 1868.87 0.05 0.28 1868.96 -0.02 0.21 1869.04 0.19 0.4 1869.12 0.32 0.5 1869.21 0.62 0.76 1869.29 0.71 0.83 1869.37 0.73 0.83 1869.46 0.51 0.62 1869.54 0.48 0.57 1869.62 0.5 0.58 1869.71 0.7 0.74 1869.79 0.84 0.85 1869.87 0.9 0.88 1869.96 1.17 1.1 1870.04 1.31 1.21 1870.12 0.92 0.83 1870.21 0.26 0.2 1870.29 -0.24 -0.28 1870.37 -0.77 -0.79 1870.46 -1.1 -1.12 1870.54 -1.04 -1.09 1870.62 -0.68 -0.8 1870.71 -0.32 -0.5 1870.79 -0.11 -0.34 1870.87 0.03 -0.25 1870.96 0.11 -0.2 1871.04 0.18 -0.17 1871.12 0.12 -0.26 1871.21 -0.14 -0.52 1871.29 -0.38 -0.77 1871.37 -0.5 -0.92 1871.46 -0.63 -1.07 1871.54 -0.64 -1.12 1871.62 -0.52 -1.03 1871.71 -0.53 -1.08 1871.79 -0.51 -1.09 1871.87 -0.35 -0.97 1871.96 -0.38 -1.04 1872.04 -0.24 -0.93 1872.12 -0.03 -0.77 1872.21 0.01 -0.77 1872.29 -0.24 -1.02 1872.37 -0.44 -1.23 1872.46 -0.67 -1.46 1872.54 -0.78 -1.59 1872.62 -0.84 -1.66 1872.71 -0.87 -1.71 1872.79 -0.68 -1.55 1872.87 -0.6 -1.5 1872.96 -0.67 -1.58 1873.04 -0.58 -1.51 1873.12 -0.04 -1.03 1873.21 0.4 -0.64 1873.29 0.83 -0.26 1873.37 1.35 0.2 1873.46 1.5 0.33 1873.54 1.15 0.01 1873.62 0.66 -0.43 1873.71 0.11 -0.93 1873.79 -0.25 -1.26 1873.87 -0.31 -1.31 1873.96 -0.26 -1.26 1874.04 -0.26 -1.25 1874.12 0.07 -0.94 1874.21 0.17 -0.84 1874.29 0.08 -0.91 1874.37 0.01 -0.95 1874.46 0.16 -0.8 1874.54 -0.01 -0.93 1874.62 -0.11 -1 1874.71 -0.01 -0.88 1874.79 0.08 -0.77 1874.87 0.11 -0.71 1874.96 0.32 -0.5 1875.04 0.27 -0.51 1875.12 0.2 -0.54 1875.21 0.12 -0.58 1875.29 -0.15 -0.79 1875.37 -0.63 -1.19 1875.46 -1.15 -1.62 1875.54 -1.79 -2.17 1875.62 -2.25 -2.55 1875.71 -2.54 -2.77 1875.79 -2.61 -2.79 1875.87 -2.35 -2.52 1875.96 -2.02 -2.17 1876.04 -1.86 -1.99 1876.12 -1.43 -1.55 1876.21 -1.06 -1.17 1876.29 -0.75 -0.85 1876.37 -0.61 -0.67 1876.46 -0.69 -0.7 1876.54 -0.86 -0.82 1876.62 -0.9 -0.82 1876.71 -0.93 -0.8 1876.79 -0.87 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-0.31 1942.62 -0.45 -0.54 1942.71 -0.32 -0.44 1942.79 0.01 -0.17 1942.87 0.39 0.15 1942.96 0.6 0.32 1943.04 0.51 0.22 1943.12 0.19 -0.11 1943.21 -0.08 -0.38 1943.29 -0.64 -0.9 1943.37 -0.67 -0.95 1943.46 -0.56 -0.87 1943.54 -0.3 -0.65 1943.62 -0.32 -0.7 1943.71 -0.21 -0.6 1943.79 -0.72 -1.09 1943.87 -1.09 -1.44 1943.96 -1.41 -1.75 1944.04 -1.6 -1.93 1944.12 -1.49 -1.84 1944.21 -1.12 -1.52 1944.29 -0.94 -1.37 1944.37 -0.5 -0.97 1944.46 -0.09 -0.6 1944.54 0.19 -0.35 1944.62 0.41 -0.16 1944.71 0.55 -0.04 1944.79 0.21 -0.35 1944.87 0.06 -0.49 1944.96 -0.5 -1 1945.04 -1 -1.45 1945.12 -1.2 -1.63 1945.21 -1.21 -1.65 1945.29 -1.1 -1.54 1945.37 -0.71 -1.18 1945.46 -0.34 -0.84 1945.54 -0.49 -0.97 1945.62 -0.52 -0.99 1945.71 -0.69 -1.14 1945.79 -0.69 -1.13 1945.87 -0.8 -1.22 1945.96 -0.49 -0.94 1946.04 -0.34 -0.78 1946.12 0.13 -0.35 1946.21 0.56 0.05 1946.29 1.16 0.61 1946.37 1.56 0.98 1946.46 1.91 1.3 1946.54 1.88 1.28 1946.62 1.5 0.95 1946.71 0.87 0.38 1946.79 0.44 0.01 1946.87 0.63 0.19 1946.96 0.87 0.41 1947.04 1.39 0.9 1947.12 1.89 1.35 1947.21 2.12 1.58 1947.29 1.68 1.18 1947.37 1.21 0.76 1947.46 0.6 0.21 1947.54 0.12 -0.22 1947.62 -0.19 -0.5 1947.71 -0.52 -0.79 1947.79 -0.83 -1.07 1947.87 -0.99 -1.21 1947.96 -1.03 -1.24 1948.04 -0.81 -1.04 1948.12 -0.52 -0.77 1948.21 -0.28 -0.54 1948.29 -0.09 -0.37 1948.37 0.21 -0.09 1948.46 0.43 0.11 1948.54 0.62 0.29 1948.62 0.8 0.45 1948.71 0.85 0.51 1948.79 0.57 0.26 1948.87 0.09 -0.17 1948.96 -0.21 -0.44 1949.04 -0.5 -0.71 1949.12 -0.49 -0.68 1949.21 -0.1 -0.33 1949.29 0.25 0 1949.37 0.64 0.36 1949.46 0.93 0.63 1949.54 0.92 0.64 1949.62 0.51 0.27 1949.71 -0.02 -0.2 1949.79 -0.75 -0.86 1949.87 -1.47 -1.5 1949.96 -2.05 -2.02 1950.04 -2.29 -2.22 1950.12 -2.03 -1.98 1950.21 -1.4 -1.39 1950.29 -0.49 -0.55 1950.37 -0.01 -0.09 1950.46 0.09 0.01 1950.54 -0.13 -0.17 1950.62 -0.55 -0.54 1950.71 -0.99 -0.92 1950.79 -1.21 -1.1 1950.87 -1.1 -0.99 1950.96 -1.12 -0.98 1951.04 -1.26 -1.09 1951.12 -1.18 -1 1951.21 -0.79 -0.63 1951.29 -0.23 -0.09 1951.37 0.27 0.38 1951.46 0.74 0.83 1951.54 0.9 1 1951.62 0.77 0.9 1951.71 0.45 0.63 1951.79 0.27 0.49 1951.87 0.14 0.39 1951.96 0.08 0.35 1952.04 0.08 0.37 1952.12 -0.04 0.28 1952.21 -0.21 0.14 1952.29 -0.21 0.15 1952.37 -0.27 0.12 1952.46 -0.18 0.21 1952.54 0.01 0.4 1952.62 0.43 0.8 1952.71 0.71 1.06 1952.79 0.91 1.25 1952.87 1.2 1.53 1952.96 1.52 1.83 1953.04 1.72 2.02 1953.12 1.77 2.07 1953.21 1.59 1.91 1953.29 0.93 1.31 1953.37 0.07 0.53 1953.46 -0.39 0.11 1953.54 -0.43 0.07 1953.62 0.08 0.53 1953.71 0.71 1.1 1953.79 1.17 1.51 1953.87 1.24 1.58 1953.96 0.86 1.22 1954.04 0.21 0.61 1954.12 -0.29 0.15 1954.21 -0.45 0 1954.29 -0.57 -0.13 1954.37 -0.42 -0.01 1954.46 -0.23 0.15 1954.54 -0.12 0.24 1954.62 -0.1 0.23 1954.71 0 0.31 1954.79 -0.03 0.26 1954.87 0.11 0.37 1954.96 0.27 0.49 1955.04 0.3 0.5 1955.12 0.06 0.26 1955.21 -0.15 0.04 1955.29 -0.46 -0.27 1955.37 -0.42 -0.25 1955.46 -0.21 -0.08 1955.54 0.03 0.11 1955.62 0.17 0.22 1955.71 0.13 0.15 1955.79 -0.14 -0.12 1955.87 -0.13 -0.13 1955.96 -0.17 -0.19 1956.04 -0.39 -0.41 1956.12 -0.43 -0.48 1956.21 -0.54 -0.6 1956.29 -0.87 -0.93 1956.37 -1 -1.06 1956.46 -0.74 -0.84 1956.54 -0.62 -0.76 1956.62 -0.53 -0.69 1956.71 -0.42 -0.61 1956.79 -0.16 -0.39 1956.87 -0.01 -0.28 1956.96 0.18 -0.12 1957.04 0.1 -0.2 1957.12 -0.02 -0.33 1957.21 -0.17 -0.47 1957.29 -0.56 -0.85 1957.37 -0.64 -0.92 1957.46 -0.24 -0.58 1957.54 0.07 -0.29 1957.62 0.3 -0.1 1957.71 0.78 0.33 1957.79 0.71 0.26 1957.87 0.66 0.21 1957.96 0.89 0.42 1958.04 0.78 0.33 1958.12 0.43 0 1958.21 0.25 -0.16 1958.29 -0.13 -0.5 1958.37 -0.63 -0.95 1958.46 -0.58 -0.91 1958.54 -0.29 -0.64 1958.62 0.17 -0.21 1958.71 0.47 0.07 1958.79 0.78 0.36 1958.87 0.91 0.5 1958.96 1.08 0.66 1959.04 1.03 0.62 1959.12 1.23 0.82 1959.21 1.02 0.64 1959.29 0.7 0.37 1959.37 0.28 0 1959.46 -0.35 -0.56 1959.54 -0.9 -1.04 1959.62 -0.82 -0.95 1959.71 -0.79 -0.91 1959.79 -0.88 -0.97 1959.87 -0.85 -0.93 1959.96 -0.72 -0.78 1960.04 -1.05 -1.07 1960.12 -0.95 -0.96 1960.21 -0.81 -0.81 1960.29 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-0.34 0.1 1964.79 -0.42 0.01 1964.87 -0.66 -0.21 1964.96 -0.7 -0.26 1965.04 -0.35 0.04 1965.12 -0.04 0.31 1965.21 0.13 0.45 1965.29 0.26 0.56 1965.37 0.27 0.55 1965.46 0.24 0.51 1965.54 0.28 0.53 1965.62 0.52 0.73 1965.71 0.54 0.74 1965.79 0.39 0.58 1965.87 0.24 0.43 1965.96 -0.01 0.18 1966.04 -0.5 -0.29 1966.12 -0.69 -0.48 1966.21 -0.43 -0.26 1966.29 -0.01 0.1 1966.37 0.22 0.29 1966.46 0.49 0.52 1966.54 0.71 0.7 1966.62 0.69 0.66 1966.71 0.39 0.37 1966.79 0.35 0.3 1966.87 0.45 0.38 1966.96 0.4 0.32 1967.04 0.21 0.12 1967.12 0.42 0.29 1967.21 0.87 0.68 1967.29 1.4 1.15 1967.37 1.94 1.62 1967.46 2.45 2.05 1967.54 2.16 1.77 1967.62 1.3 0.98 1967.71 0.27 0.02 1967.79 -0.72 -0.9 1967.87 -1.57 -1.69 1967.96 -1.84 -1.96 1968.04 -1.8 -1.94 1968.12 -1.72 -1.88 1968.21 -1.36 -1.57 1968.29 -1.01 -1.26 1968.37 -0.78 -1.07 1968.46 -0.57 -0.89 1968.54 -0.42 -0.77 1968.62 -0.42 -0.78 1968.71 -0.39 -0.76 1968.79 -0.49 -0.86 1968.87 -0.71 -1.07 1968.96 -0.71 -1.08 1969.04 -0.87 -1.22 1969.12 -1.16 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-0.59 -0.47 1973.71 -0.95 -0.8 1973.79 -1.18 -0.99 1973.87 -1.15 -0.95 1973.96 -0.97 -0.78 1974.04 -0.76 -0.58 1974.12 -0.71 -0.52 1974.21 -0.65 -0.45 1974.29 -0.36 -0.18 1974.37 -0.01 0.15 1974.46 0.19 0.34 1974.54 0.18 0.35 1974.62 0.1 0.28 1974.71 -0.21 0.01 1974.79 -0.4 -0.16 1974.87 -0.43 -0.18 1974.96 -0.55 -0.27 1975.04 -0.67 -0.37 1975.12 -0.56 -0.26 1975.21 -0.65 -0.33 1975.29 -0.44 -0.13 1975.37 -0.38 -0.07 1975.46 -0.46 -0.13 1975.54 -1 -0.62 1975.62 -1.38 -0.95 1975.71 -1.75 -1.28 1975.79 -1.78 -1.3 1975.87 -1.56 -1.08 1975.96 -0.8 -0.38 1976.04 -0.15 0.21 1976.12 0.44 0.76 1976.21 0.91 1.19 1976.29 1.26 1.52 1976.37 1.2 1.47 1976.46 0.97 1.27 1976.54 0.55 0.89 1976.62 0.64 0.98 1976.71 0.79 1.12 1976.79 0.9 1.22 1976.87 1.29 1.58 1976.96 1.74 2 1977.04 1.57 1.84 1977.12 1.26 1.56 1977.21 1.09 1.41 1977.29 0.53 0.9 1977.37 -0.14 0.29 1977.46 -0.38 0.08 1977.54 -0.31 0.14 1977.62 -0.11 0.32 1977.71 0.27 0.66 1977.79 0.39 0.77 1977.87 0.35 0.73 1977.96 0.28 0.67 1978.04 0.08 0.47 1978.12 0.02 0.42 1978.21 -0.12 0.28 1978.29 -0.41 0.02 1978.37 -0.87 -0.41 1978.46 -1.12 -0.64 1978.54 -1.09 -0.62 1978.62 -0.64 -0.22 1978.71 -0.17 0.21 1978.79 0.34 0.66 1978.87 0.8 1.07 1978.96 1.02 1.27 1979.04 1.01 1.25 1979.12 1.01 1.24 1979.21 0.69 0.94 1979.29 -0.37 -0.04 1979.37 -1.26 -0.85 1979.46 -1.65 -1.22 1979.54 -1.74 -1.31 1979.62 -1.45 -1.06 1979.71 -0.54 -0.24 1979.79 0.12 0.35 1979.87 0.53 0.72 1979.96 0.94 1.08 1980.04 0.83 0.97 1980.12 0.22 0.4 1980.21 -0.33 -0.11 1980.29 -0.73 -0.48 1980.37 -1.16 -0.88 1980.46 -0.93 -0.69 1980.54 -0.45 -0.26 1980.62 0 0.14 1980.71 0.16 0.27 1980.79 0.07 0.18 1980.87 -0.25 -0.13 1980.96 -0.27 -0.16 1981.04 -0.24 -0.14 1981.12 -0.05 0.01 1981.21 0.22 0.25 1981.29 0.36 0.36 1981.37 0.18 0.19 1981.46 -0.05 -0.04 1981.54 -0.46 -0.43 1981.62 -0.97 -0.91 1981.71 -1.25 -1.18 1981.79 -1.24 -1.19 1981.87 -1.3 -1.26 1981.96 -1.23 -1.22 1982.04 -0.95 -0.98 1982.12 -0.62 -0.7 1982.21 -0.03 -0.18 1982.29 0.67 0.44 1982.37 1.06 0.77 1982.46 1.41 1.07 1982.54 1.84 1.44 1982.62 1.86 1.44 1982.71 1.65 1.22 1982.79 1.52 1.08 1982.87 1.5 1.04 1982.96 1.54 1.05 1983.04 1.2 0.72 1983.12 0.86 0.39 1983.21 0.9 0.4 1983.29 0.89 0.36 1983.37 0.74 0.2 1983.46 1.02 0.44 1983.54 1.3 0.67 1983.62 1.16 0.52 1983.71 0.97 0.33 1983.79 0.84 0.18 1983.87 0.63 -0.03 1983.96 0.46 -0.2 1984.04 0.47 -0.22 1984.12 0.4 -0.3 1984.21 0.25 -0.46 1984.29 -0.06 -0.76 1984.37 -0.43 -1.11 1984.46 -0.75 -1.42 1984.54 -1.2 -1.84 1984.62 -1.65 -2.26 1984.71 -1.72 -2.34 1984.79 -1.47 -2.13 1984.87 -1.16 -1.86 1984.96 -0.67 -1.42 1985.04 -0.71 -1.46 1985.12 -1.05 -1.77 1985.21 -1.58 -2.26 1985.29 -2 -2.65 1985.37 -2.37 -2.98 1985.46 -2.02 -2.67 1985.54 -1.64 -2.32 1985.62 -1.12 -1.85 1985.71 -0.62 -1.38 1985.79 -0.36 -1.14 1985.87 -0.34 -1.11 1985.96 -0.18 -0.95 1986.04 -0.08 -0.85 1986.12 0.02 -0.75 1986.21 -0.09 -0.83 1986.29 -0.21 -0.92 1986.37 -0.18 -0.87 1986.46 -0.21 -0.89 1986.54 -0.23 -0.88 1986.62 0.09 -0.57 1986.71 0.54 -0.14 1986.79 0.98 0.28 1986.87 1.24 0.55 1986.96 1.46 0.78 1987.04 1.2 0.57 1987.12 0.78 0.22 1987.21 0.28 -0.21 1987.29 0.06 -0.38 1987.37 0.03 -0.38 1987.46 0.47 0.05 1987.54 0.98 0.55 1987.62 1.58 1.12 1987.71 1.81 1.37 1987.79 1.8 1.39 1987.87 1.62 1.26 1987.96 1.14 0.86 1988.04 0.28 0.11 1988.12 -0.14 -0.24 1988.21 -0.49 -0.53 1988.29 -0.63 -0.62 1988.37 -0.74 -0.68 1988.46 -0.48 -0.41 1988.54 -0.12 -0.06 1988.62 0.12 0.2 1988.71 0.32 0.41 1988.79 0.64 0.74 1988.87 0.69 0.81 1988.96 0.42 0.59 1989.04 0.16 0.39 1989.12 -0.39 -0.09 1989.21 -0.81 -0.44 1989.29 -1.19 -0.76 1989.37 -1.26 -0.79 1989.46 -1.48 -0.96 1989.54 -1.33 -0.8 1989.62 -1.32 -0.77 1989.71 -1.08 -0.52 1989.79 -1.05 -0.47 1989.87 -0.78 -0.21 1989.96 -0.45 0.12 1990.04 -0.03 0.52 1990.12 0.23 0.79 1990.21 0.47 1.04 1990.29 0.57 1.15 1990.37 0.43 1.04 1990.46 0.27 0.91 1990.54 0.09 0.74 1990.62 -0.05 0.61 1990.71 -0.23 0.43 1990.79 -0.31 0.36 1990.87 -0.42 0.25 1990.96 -0.62 0.05 1991.04 -0.83 -0.15 1991.12 -0.8 -0.14 1991.21 -0.87 -0.21 1991.29 -0.57 0.04 1991.37 -0.14 0.42 1991.46 0.29 0.79 1991.54 0.76 1.2 1991.62 1.23 1.61 1991.71 1.29 1.65 1991.79 1.49 1.81 1991.87 1.2 1.52 1991.96 0.77 1.11 1992.04 0.51 0.85 1992.12 0.39 0.72 1992.21 0.09 0.42 1992.29 0.02 0.33 1992.37 -0.37 -0.05 1992.46 -1.13 -0.77 1992.54 -1.35 -0.99 1992.62 -1.45 -1.1 1992.71 -1.42 -1.11 1992.79 -0.96 -0.71 1992.87 -0.26 -0.09 1992.96 0.04 0.15 1993.04 0.1 0.18 1993.12 0.02 0.08 1993.21 -0.34 -0.27 1993.29 -0.66 -0.59 1993.37 -1.12 -1.03 1993.46 -1.46 -1.36 1993.54 -1.25 -1.2 1993.62 -0.81 -0.82 1993.71 -0.34 -0.41 1993.79 0.37 0.21 1993.87 0.91 0.68 1993.96 1.09 0.83 1994.04 1.14 0.89 1994.12 1.09 0.87 1994.21 0.87 0.69 1994.29 0.86 0.71 1994.37 1.46 1.28 1994.46 2.41 2.14 1994.54 4 3.59 1994.62 4.37 3.91 1994.71 4.08 3.65 1994.79 3.19 2.83 1994.87 2.32 2.03 1994.96 0.72 0.57