Abraham Reef, Great Barrier Reef Coral Data Set: Readme file --------------------------------------------------------------------- NOAA Paleoclimatology Program and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder --------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Great Barrier Reef Coral Data Set LAST UPDATE: 3/2001 (Original Receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTORS: Janice Lough, Australian Institute of Marine Science IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2001-024 SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: Lough, J.M. and D.J. Barnes, 2001, Great Barrier Reef Coral Data Set, IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series #2001-024. NOAA/NGDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCES: Lough, J.M. and D.J. Barnes, 2000. Environmental controls on growth of the massive coral Porites. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 245: 225-243. Lough, J.M. and D.J. Barnes, 1997. Several centuries of variation in skeletal extension, density and calcification in massive Porites colonies from the Great Barrier Reef: a proxy for seawater temperature and a background of variability against which to identify unnatural change. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 211: 29-67. Chalker, B.E. and D.J. Barnes, 1990. Gamma densitometry for the measurement of coral skeletal density. Coral Reefs, 4: 95-100. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: subtropical southwestern Pacific PERIOD OF RECORD: 1479-1991 AD DESCRIPTION: Great Barrier Reef Coral Data Set Extension, Density, and Calcification data from 35 Porites coral cores covering the entire length of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Data set contains 35 individual core data sets plus time series 1746-1982 of average calcification rate for 10 of these sites. The Australian Institute of Marine Science began collecting cores from very large massive colonies of Porites on the Great Barrier Reef in the early 1980s. Such cores cannot normally be identified to species. The cores were mounted and sawn to remove slices that were about 6-7mm thick. All slices were X-rayed and skeletal density measured along a central track on each slice using a gamma densitometer. The high density portion of annual density bands in Porites from the Great Barrier Reef appears to form usually between October and March, the Southern Hemisphere summer. Peaks in the density profiles were successively counted backwards from the last (outermost or youngest) peak. Density was assumed to peak in January and the most recent peak was dated from the date of collection of the core. Dates were then assigned to all peaks in the series. Time series of the following skeletal growth parameters were then obtained: 1) Average annual density (g.cm-3) 2) Annual linear extension measured between high density peaks (cm.yr-1) 3) Annual calcification (g.cm-2.yr-1_; the product of annual average density and annual linear extension These data were obtained from coral cores taken at 35 sites on the Great Barrier Reef. The density profiles do not always display regular, obvious annual peaks and we could not be absolutely sure of the dating for some profiles. We consider there may be errors of + or - 2-3 years in the starting data of some of these series. Reef Latitude Longitude Species Collected Start Year End Year Core ID Abraham Reef 22.10S 152.50E Porites 1985 1479 1985 ABR01A Year Ext Density Calcification 1479 0.737 1.413 1.041 1480 0.660 1.413 0.933 1481 0.965 1.379 1.331 1482 0.686 1.387 0.951 1483 0.533 1.408 0.751 1484 0.483 1.442 0.696 1485 0.483 1.447 0.698 1486 0.508 1.443 0.733 1487 0.559 1.384 0.773 1488 0.864 1.406 1.214 1489 1.321 1.303 1.721 1490 1.168 1.213 1.417 1491 1.143 1.275 1.458 1492 0.965 1.470 1.419 1493 1.295 1.442 1.868 1494 0.406 1.442 0.586 1495 0.559 1.432 0.800 1496 0.432 1.429 0.617 1497 0.737 1.404 1.034 1498 0.787 1.292 1.017 1499 1.016 1.163 1.181 1500 0.610 1.215 0.741 1501 1.981 1.213 2.404 1502 0.356 1.345 0.478 1503 1.041 1.332 1.387 1504 0.787 1.279 1.007 1505 1.422 1.264 1.798 1506 0.483 1.303 0.629 1507 0.330 1.316 0.435 1508 2.032 1.270 2.581 1509 1.041 1.277 1.330 1510 1.067 1.317 1.405 1511 0.584 1.271 0.742 1512 0.584 1.361 0.795 1513 0.711 1.355 0.963 1514 0.381 1.347 0.513 1515 0.508 1.346 0.684 1516 0.864 1.376 1.188 1517 0.508 1.435 0.729 1518 0.584 1.400 0.818 1519 0.660 1.378 0.910 1520 1.092 1.287 1.406 1521 2.057 1.213 2.495 1522 0.584 1.295 0.757 1523 0.864 1.367 1.181 1524 1.448 1.273 1.843 1525 0.965 1.135 1.096 1526 0.965 1.122 1.083 1527 0.813 1.237 1.005 1528 0.864 1.243 1.073 1529 1.905 1.125 2.143 1530 0.838 1.300 1.089 1531 0.483 1.322 0.638 1532 1.245 1.303 1.622 1533 0.940 1.265 1.189 1534 1.397 1.090 1.523 1535 0.635 0.994 0.631 1536 1.575 0.945 1.488 1537 0.381 1.025 0.391 1538 1.803 1.019 1.838 1539 0.965 1.146 1.106 1540 0.787 1.199 0.944 1541 0.813 1.278 1.039 1542 0.610 1.325 0.808 1543 0.686 1.310 0.898 1544 1.829 1.144 2.092 1545 1.118 1.166 1.303 1546 0.711 1.165 0.829 1547 1.372 1.122 1.539 1548 2.261 1.096 2.478 1549 0.737 1.196 0.881 1550 0.483 1.203 0.580 1551 0.559 1.185 0.662 1552 0.457 1.180 0.540 1553 0.559 1.164 0.650 1554 0.965 1.193 1.152 1555 0.610 1.241 0.757 1556 2.286 1.144 2.615 1557 0.737 1.229 0.906 1558 0.940 1.209 1.136 1559 0.406 1.361 0.553 1560 1.549 1.225 1.897 1561 0.838 1.169 0.980 1562 1.626 1.211 1.969 1563 1.041 1.199 1.249 1564 0.940 1.240 1.165 1565 0.864 1.220 1.054 1566 0.483 1.229 0.593 1567 0.432 1.202 0.519 1568 0.610 1.247 0.760 1569 0.559 1.249 0.698 1570 0.457 1.242 0.568 1571 1.245 1.162 1.446 1572 0.432 1.205 0.520 1573 1.295 1.156 1.497 1574 1.626 1.151 1.871 1575 0.483 1.270 0.613 1576 0.762 1.279 0.974 1577 0.813 1.314 1.068 1578 0.813 1.271 1.033 1579 0.864 1.260 1.088 1580 0.864 1.252 1.081 1581 0.610 1.296 0.790 1582 1.930 1.165 2.249 1583 0.686 1.144 0.784 1584 0.457 1.259 0.576 1585 0.991 1.198 1.187 1586 1.524 1.102 1.680 1587 1.016 1.164 1.183 1588 1.295 1.170 1.515 1589 1.092 1.229 1.343 1590 0.711 1.321 0.939 1591 0.406 1.257 0.511 1592 0.381 1.213 0.462 1593 1.219 1.120 1.366 1594 0.737 1.102 0.812 1595 0.762 1.217 0.928 1596 0.584 1.257 0.734 1597 0.559 1.273 0.712 1598 0.330 1.274 0.421 1599 0.584 1.176 0.687 1600 0.991 1.086 1.076 1601 0.762 1.150 0.876 1602 1.219 1.142 1.392 1603 1.473 1.184 1.744 1604 0.686 1.255 0.861 1605 0.711 1.317 0.937 1606 1.118 1.188 1.328 1607 0.889 0.982 0.873 1608 0.813 1.010 0.821 1609 0.533 1.209 0.645 1610 0.889 1.140 1.014 1611 0.635 1.137 0.722 1612 1.041 1.162 1.210 1613 0.762 1.296 0.988 1614 0.762 1.310 0.998 1615 0.660 1.308 0.864 1616 0.559 1.325 0.740 1617 0.406 1.282 0.521 1618 0.686 1.204 0.826 1619 1.524 1.115 1.699 1620 1.321 1.096 1.447 1621 0.940 1.106 1.040 1622 1.118 1.142 1.276 1623 0.635 1.313 0.834 1624 0.686 1.297 0.889 1625 0.711 1.248 0.888 1626 1.118 1.196 1.336 1627 0.991 1.182 1.171 1628 0.787 1.240 0.977 1629 1.245 1.247 1.552 1630 0.813 1.270 1.032 1631 0.457 1.330 0.608 1632 0.914 1.242 1.136 1633 0.889 1.198 1.065 1634 0.940 1.154 1.084 1635 0.940 1.198 1.126 1636 0.914 1.287 1.177 1637 0.864 1.358 1.173 1638 1.397 1.265 1.768 1639 0.635 1.216 0.772 1640 1.372 1.219 1.672 1641 1.575 1.202 1.893 1642 1.778 1.209 2.150 1643 1.270 1.240 1.575 1644 0.991 1.292 1.280 1645 0.838 1.335 1.119 1646 0.889 1.357 1.206 1647 1.397 1.304 1.821 1648 1.016 1.294 1.315 1649 0.991 1.318 1.306 1650 0.914 1.332 1.218 1651 0.838 1.361 1.141 1652 0.737 1.394 1.027 1653 0.737 1.354 0.997 1654 0.787 1.411 1.111 1655 0.711 1.407 1.001 1656 0.711 1.377 0.980 1657 0.635 1.394 0.885 1658 0.762 1.382 1.053 1659 0.864 1.382 1.193 1660 0.559 1.390 0.777 1661 0.787 1.398 1.100 1662 0.635 1.422 0.903 1663 0.711 1.412 1.004 1664 0.711 1.380 0.982 1665 0.737 1.377 1.014 1666 0.660 1.360 0.898 1667 0.533 1.392 0.743 1668 0.889 1.360 1.209 1669 0.711 1.372 0.975 1670 0.432 1.416 0.611 1671 0.889 1.363 1.212 1672 1.168 1.203 1.406 1673 1.245 1.188 1.478 1674 0.991 1.231 1.219 1675 0.508 1.268 0.644 1676 0.889 1.336 1.187 1677 0.813 1.308 1.063 1678 0.635 1.345 0.854 1679 0.914 1.288 1.178 1680 0.813 1.253 1.018 1681 0.813 1.286 1.045 1682 0.838 1.245 1.044 1683 0.787 1.261 0.993 1684 0.762 1.261 0.961 1685 0.711 1.273 0.905 1686 1.702 1.250 2.128 1687 0.737 1.285 0.946 1688 0.889 1.285 1.143 1689 0.813 1.289 1.047 1690 0.660 1.302 0.860 1691 0.559 1.343 0.750 1692 0.559 1.304 0.728 1693 1.270 1.257 1.596 1694 0.762 1.248 0.951 1695 0.940 1.207 1.134 1696 0.559 1.149 0.642 1697 0.559 1.129 0.631 1698 1.245 1.139 1.417 1699 1.067 1.124 1.199 1700 0.787 1.116 0.879 1701 0.737 1.193 0.879 1702 0.787 1.159 0.913 1703 0.381 1.272 0.485 1704 1.549 1.150 1.782 1705 0.940 1.143 1.074 1706 1.448 1.169 1.692 1707 0.787 1.211 0.954 1708 1.092 1.159 1.266 1709 0.838 1.203 1.009 1710 0.889 1.178 1.047 1711 0.533 1.200 0.640 1712 1.626 1.179 1.917 1713 0.813 1.243 1.010 1714 0.813 1.259 1.023 1715 0.711 1.247 0.887 1716 0.787 1.234 0.972 1717 0.508 1.266 0.643 1718 0.737 1.250 0.921 1719 1.016 1.303 1.324 1720 0.483 1.280 0.618 1721 1.067 1.306 1.393 1722 1.270 1.274 1.618 1723 0.406 1.250 0.508 1724 1.930 1.154 2.228 1725 0.889 1.187 1.056 1726 1.041 1.181 1.230 1727 1.702 1.128 1.920 1728 0.965 1.193 1.151 1729 0.737 1.270 0.936 1730 0.991 1.224 1.213 1731 1.600 1.166 1.866 1732 1.245 1.170 1.456 1733 0.965 1.255 1.212 1734 0.610 1.282 0.782 1735 0.762 1.289 0.982 1736 0.864 1.365 1.179 1737 0.559 1.405 0.785 1738 0.279 1.335 0.373 1739 1.981 1.189 2.357 1740 1.245 1.230 1.530 1741 1.295 1.242 1.608 1742 0.914 1.281 1.171 1743 0.864 1.353 1.168 1744 0.889 1.336 1.187 1745 0.686 1.325 0.909 1746 0.787 1.342 1.056 1747 0.711 1.350 0.960 1748 0.813 1.321 1.074 1749 0.762 1.328 1.012 1750 0.711 1.366 0.972 1751 0.127 1.402 0.178 1752 0.762 1.322 1.007 1753 0.610 1.318 0.803 1754 0.711 1.318 0.937 1755 0.584 1.332 0.778 1756 1.219 1.338 1.631 1757 1.245 1.325 1.649 1758 0.432 1.404 0.606 1759 0.711 1.383 0.984 1760 1.067 1.268 1.353 1761 0.940 1.296 1.218 1762 0.864 1.291 1.115 1763 0.787 1.323 1.042 1764 1.499 1.219 1.826 1765 1.168 1.334 1.559 1766 0.889 1.368 1.216 1767 1.346 1.348 1.814 1768 1.041 1.384 1.441 1769 0.762 1.433 1.092 1770 0.813 1.396 1.135 1771 0.889 1.419 1.261 1772 1.321 1.357 1.793 1773 0.635 1.283 0.815 1774 0.991 1.319 1.306 1775 0.991 1.292 1.280 1776 0.940 1.361 1.279 1777 0.737 1.427 1.051 1778 1.372 1.370 1.878 1779 1.016 1.435 1.458 1780 0.483 1.420 0.685 1781 0.686 1.417 0.972 1782 0.686 1.418 0.972 1783 1.143 1.409 1.611 1784 0.660 1.408 0.930 1785 0.635 1.392 0.884 1786 0.584 1.430 0.835 1787 0.838 1.399 1.173 1788 0.864 1.386 1.197 1789 1.270 1.309 1.663 1790 1.397 1.333 1.862 1791 0.991 1.304 1.292 1792 0.940 1.301 1.222 1793 0.889 1.303 1.159 1794 0.711 1.278 0.909 1795 0.686 1.382 0.948 1796 0.635 1.375 0.873 1797 0.635 1.402 0.891 1798 0.914 1.292 1.181 1799 0.940 1.200 1.128 1800 0.813 1.247 1.014 1801 0.762 1.307 0.996 1802 0.686 1.311 0.899 1803 1.549 1.270 1.967 1804 1.143 1.173 1.341 1805 0.889 1.163 1.034 1806 1.016 1.134 1.153 1807 1.676 1.137 1.906 1808 1.041 1.189 1.238 1809 1.753 1.164 2.040 1810 0.965 1.136 1.096 1811 1.422 1.082 1.539 1812 0.864 1.111 0.960 1813 1.499 1.132 1.696 1814 0.559 1.251 0.699 1815 1.448 1.238 1.792 1816 0.381 1.238 0.472 1817 1.372 1.198 1.644 1818 0.711 1.174 0.835 1819 0.889 1.194 1.061 1820 1.245 1.187 1.478 1821 1.295 1.183 1.532 1822 0.940 1.198 1.126 1823 0.914 1.211 1.107 1824 0.838 1.232 1.033 1825 1.016 1.193 1.213 1826 0.838 1.239 1.039 1827 0.711 1.235 0.878 1828 0.610 1.239 0.756 1829 0.813 1.208 0.982 1830 0.914 1.181 1.080 1831 0.991 1.125 1.115 1832 1.372 1.094 1.500 1833 1.245 1.070 1.331 1834 1.092 0.987 1.078 1835 0.787 0.979 0.771 1836 1.118 0.981 1.097 1837 1.422 1.040 1.480 1838 1.397 1.023 1.429 1839 1.092 1.034 1.129 1840 1.194 0.963 1.150 1841 1.245 0.952 1.185 1842 1.473 1.034 1.523 1843 0.813 1.058 0.860 1844 0.559 1.122 0.627 1845 1.092 1.132 1.236 1846 1.092 1.153 1.259 1847 0.787 1.099 0.866 1848 1.549 1.051 1.629 1849 0.660 1.108 0.732 1850 0.533 1.114 0.594 1851 1.397 1.074 1.500 1852 0.686 1.092 0.749 1853 1.727 1.110 1.917 1854 0.737 1.154 0.850 1855 1.499 1.147 1.718 1856 1.219 1.144 1.394 1857 1.092 1.152 1.258 1858 1.473 1.153 1.699 1859 0.610 1.240 0.756 1860 0.864 1.263 1.091 1861 1.041 1.236 1.287 1862 1.499 1.271 1.905 1863 0.610 1.268 0.773 1864 1.168 1.304 1.524 1865 0.559 1.289 0.720 1866 0.940 1.256 1.180 1867 0.483 1.263 0.610 1868 0.965 1.181 1.140 1869 2.083 1.158 2.411 1870 0.889 1.160 1.031 1871 0.762 1.153 0.878 1872 1.346 1.146 1.543 1873 0.813 1.145 0.931 1874 1.092 1.126 1.230 1875 1.143 1.204 1.376 1876 1.067 1.193 1.272 1877 1.549 1.166 1.806 1878 1.245 1.138 1.417 1879 1.219 1.154 1.407 1880 0.914 1.139 1.041 1881 0.940 1.182 1.111 1882 1.245 1.133 1.410 1883 1.143 1.149 1.314 1884 1.118 1.251 1.398 1885 2.083 1.228 2.558 1886 1.270 1.224 1.554 1887 1.016 1.229 1.248 1888 0.838 1.249 1.047 1889 0.914 1.148 1.050 1890 1.321 1.138 1.503 1891 1.041 1.167 1.216 1892 1.499 1.177 1.764 1893 0.635 1.170 0.743 1894 1.041 1.142 1.189 1895 1.245 1.174 1.461 1896 1.194 1.161 1.386 1897 1.194 1.149 1.372 1898 1.118 1.139 1.272 1899 0.965 1.209 1.167 1900 0.838 1.183 0.992 1901 1.219 1.240 1.512 1902 0.914 1.199 1.096 1903 1.118 1.188 1.327 1904 1.016 1.168 1.187 1905 1.092 1.186 1.296 1906 1.067 1.145 1.222 1907 1.194 1.123 1.341 1908 1.245 1.158 1.442 1909 1.829 1.087 1.988 1910 1.753 0.982 1.721 1911 1.549 0.986 1.528 1912 1.702 1.017 1.731 1913 1.575 1.015 1.598 1914 1.626 1.020 1.658 1915 1.346 1.065 1.433 1916 0.838 1.203 1.009 1917 1.499 1.042 1.561 1918 1.143 0.972 1.111 1919 1.499 1.074 1.610 1920 1.245 1.063 1.323 1921 1.524 1.062 1.618 1922 1.676 1.028 1.723 1923 0.940 1.047 0.984 1924 1.219 1.062 1.295 1925 1.245 1.121 1.395 1926 1.219 1.127 1.374 1927 1.346 1.076 1.448 1928 0.965 1.119 1.080 1929 1.397 1.048 1.465 1930 1.118 1.044 1.166 1931 0.965 1.092 1.054 1932 0.838 1.269 1.064 1933 0.965 1.207 1.165 1934 0.965 1.218 1.176 1935 1.016 1.203 1.222 1936 1.753 1.068 1.871 1937 1.600 0.992 1.587 1938 1.041 0.975 1.015 1939 0.813 1.081 0.879 1940 0.787 1.240 0.976 1941 2.591 1.179 3.054 1942 1.372 1.127 1.545 1943 1.651 1.097 1.811 1944 1.499 1.144 1.714 1945 1.397 1.134 1.584 1946 0.991 1.109 1.099 1947 1.575 1.109 1.747 1948 1.143 1.146 1.310 1949 1.118 1.175 1.313 1950 1.651 1.114 1.840 1951 0.838 1.119 0.938 1952 0.813 1.153 0.937 1953 1.702 1.152 1.961 1954 1.981 1.074 2.129 1955 1.041 1.044 1.087 1956 1.778 1.060 1.884 1957 1.626 1.080 1.756 1958 0.965 1.072 1.035 1959 1.803 1.081 1.949 1960 0.787 1.049 0.826 1961 1.194 1.086 1.296 1962 1.448 1.048 1.517 1963 0.991 1.046 1.036 1964 1.321 1.014 1.339 1965 1.118 1.049 1.173 1966 1.219 1.045 1.274 1967 1.346 1.022 1.376 1968 1.118 1.119 1.250 1969 1.753 1.087 1.906 1970 1.524 1.074 1.637 1971 1.702 1.084 1.844 1972 1.067 1.050 1.120 1973 1.321 1.073 1.418 1974 1.524 1.026 1.563 1975 0.864 1.023 0.884 1976 1.397 1.025 1.432 1977 1.905 1.155 2.201 1978 0.610 1.169 0.712 1979 0.965 1.144 1.104 1980 1.092 1.128 1.232 1981 1.041 1.137 1.184 1982 0.813 1.117 0.908 1983 0.635 1.133 0.719 1984 0.559 1.145 0.640 1985 0.965 1.112 1.073