Yankee Reef, Great Barrier Reef Coral Data Set --------------------------------------------------------------------- NOAA Paleoclimatology Program and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder --------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Great Barrier Reef Coral Data Set LAST UPDATE: 3/2001 (Original Receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTORS: Janice Lough, Australian Institute of Marine Science IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2001-024 SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: Lough, J.M. and D.J. Barnes, 2001, Great Barrier Reef Coral Data Set, IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series #2001-024. NOAA/NGDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCES: Lough, J.M. and D.J. Barnes, 2000. Environmental controls on growth of the massive coral Porites. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 245: 225-243. Lough, J.M. and D.J. Barnes, 1997. Several centuries of variation in skeletal extension, density and calcification in massive Porites colonies from the Great Barrier Reef: a proxy for seawater temperature and a background of variability against which to identify unnatural change. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 211: 29-67. Chalker, B.E. and D.J. Barnes, 1990. Gamma densitometry for the measurement of coral skeletal density. Coral Reefs, 4: 95-100. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: subtropical southwestern Pacific PERIOD OF RECORD: 1479-1991 AD DESCRIPTION: Great Barrier Reef Coral Data Set Extension, Density, and Calcification data from 35 Porites coral cores covering the entire length of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Data set contains 35 individual core data sets plus time series 1746-1982 of average calcification rate for 10 of these sites. The Australian Institute of Marine Science began collecting cores from very large massive colonies of Porites on the Great Barrier Reef in the early 1980s. Such cores cannot normally be identified to species. The cores were mounted and sawn to remove slices that were about 6-7mm thick. All slices were X-rayed and skeletal density measured along a central track on each slice using a gamma densitometer. The high density portion of annual density bands in Porites from the Great Barrier Reef appears to form usually between October and March, the Southern Hemisphere summer. Peaks in the density profiles were successively counted backwards from the last (outermost or youngest) peak. Density was assumed to peak in January and the most recent peak was dated from the date of collection of the core. Dates were then assigned to all peaks in the series. Time series of the following skeletal growth parameters were then obtained: 1) Average annual density (g.cm-3) 2) Annual linear extension measured between high density peaks (cm.yr-1) 3) Annual calcification (g.cm-2.yr-1_; the product of annual average density and annual linear extension These data were obtained from coral cores taken at 35 sites on the Great Barrier Reef. The density profiles do not always display regular, obvious annual peaks and we could not be absolutely sure of the dating for some profiles. We consider there may be errors of + or - 2-3 years in the starting data of some of these series. Reef Latitude Longitude Species Collected Start Year End Year Core ID Yankee Reef 18.57S 147.50E Porites 1985 1888 1984 YNK01A Year Ext Density Calcification 1888 1.092 1.120 1.223 1889 1.041 1.171 1.219 1890 1.372 1.143 1.568 1891 1.270 1.168 1.483 1892 1.372 1.146 1.572 1893 1.067 1.154 1.231 1894 1.575 1.176 1.852 1895 1.346 1.188 1.599 1896 1.270 1.271 1.615 1897 1.194 1.254 1.497 1898 1.194 1.235 1.474 1899 1.168 1.241 1.450 1900 1.016 1.211 1.230 1901 1.346 1.178 1.586 1902 1.194 1.168 1.395 1903 1.143 1.152 1.317 1904 1.245 1.230 1.531 1905 1.245 1.280 1.594 1906 1.041 1.256 1.308 1907 1.524 1.204 1.835 1908 1.549 1.149 1.780 1909 1.118 1.179 1.318 1910 1.422 1.199 1.706 1911 1.321 1.204 1.591 1912 1.448 1.189 1.722 1913 1.270 1.248 1.585 1914 1.270 1.184 1.504 1915 1.473 1.095 1.614 1916 1.448 1.041 1.507 1917 1.346 1.091 1.469 1918 1.397 1.132 1.581 1919 1.346 1.158 1.559 1920 1.448 1.161 1.681 1921 1.041 1.181 1.230 1922 1.219 1.162 1.417 1923 1.270 1.171 1.487 1924 1.295 1.143 1.481 1925 1.473 1.086 1.600 1926 1.270 1.121 1.424 1927 1.575 1.090 1.717 1928 1.372 1.071 1.469 1929 1.448 1.054 1.527 1930 1.448 1.127 1.632 1931 1.422 1.098 1.561 1932 1.575 1.083 1.706 1933 1.422 1.063 1.511 1934 1.499 1.099 1.647 1935 1.499 1.124 1.684 1936 1.346 1.131 1.523 1937 1.702 1.167 1.986 1938 1.524 1.215 1.851 1939 1.499 1.216 1.822 1940 1.372 1.326 1.819 1941 1.702 1.282 2.182 1942 1.346 1.096 1.475 1943 1.499 1.145 1.716 1944 1.549 1.112 1.723 1945 1.219 1.100 1.342 1946 1.219 1.122 1.368 1947 1.981 1.048 2.076 1948 1.702 1.009 1.716 1949 1.778 1.031 1.834 1950 1.499 1.017 1.524 1951 1.549 1.087 1.684 1952 1.651 0.991 1.636 1953 1.778 1.002 1.782 1954 1.524 1.030 1.569 1955 1.473 0.977 1.439 1956 1.372 1.013 1.390 1957 1.880 1.032 1.939 1958 1.880 0.995 1.869 1959 1.422 1.000 1.423 1960 1.448 1.031 1.493 1961 1.168 1.035 1.209 1962 1.143 1.042 1.190 1963 2.311 1.052 2.431 1964 1.626 1.033 1.679 1965 1.676 1.065 1.785 1966 1.346 1.080 1.453 1967 1.473 1.069 1.575 1968 1.702 1.048 1.784 1969 1.600 1.060 1.695 1970 1.143 1.102 1.259 1971 1.549 1.104 1.711 1972 1.372 1.126 1.544 1973 1.473 1.078 1.588 1974 1.422 1.060 1.508 1975 1.549 1.016 1.575 1976 1.600 0.992 1.588 1977 1.575 0.954 1.502 1978 1.372 0.993 1.362 1979 1.422 1.013 1.441 1980 1.422 0.983 1.398 1981 1.473 1.040 1.532 1982 1.219 1.057 1.289 1983 1.600 1.004 1.607 1984 1.600 1.031 1.650