Pohnpei, Micronesia Coral Heavy Metals and Oxygen Isotope Data --------------------------------------------------------------------- NOAA Paleoclimatology Program and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder --------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Pohnpei, Micronesia Coral Heavy Metals and Oxygen Isotope Data LAST UPDATE: 11/2004 (Original Receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTORS: M. Inoue, A. Suzuki, M. Nohara, H. Kan, A. Edward, H. Kawahata. IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2004-073 SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: Inoue, M., et al.. 2004. Pohnpei, Micronesia Coral Heavy Metals and Oxygen Isotope Data. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series #2004-073. NOAA/NGDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Inoue, M., A. Suzuki, M. Nohara, H. Kan, A. Edward, and H. Kawahata. 2004. Coral skeletal tin and copper concentrations at Pohnpei, Micronesia: possible index for marine pollution by toxic anti-biofouling paints. Environmental Pollution 129:399-407. ABSTRACT: We present 40 year-long skeletal chronologies of tin (Sn) and copper (Cu) from an annually-banded coral (Porites sp.) collected from Pohnpei Island, Micronesia (western equatorial Pacific). Both the elements are present in antifouling marine paints and are released inadvertently into ambient sweater. Especially, Sn has often been used in the form of tributylin (TBT). Based on a step-wise pretreatment examination, Sn and Cu both inside and outside the aragonite lattice of the coral skeleton show a potential for providing marine pollution indicators. High values of extra-skeletal Cu/Ca and Sn/Ca atomic ratios were found between late 1960s and late 1980s during a period of active use of TBT-based antifouling paints worldwide. However, a significant decrease in both the ratios in the beginning of 1990s can be attributed to regulation of the uses of TBT on cargo ships by countries such as the USA, Japan and Australia. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Micronesia, western Pacific PERIOD OF RECORD: 1960-1999 AD DESCRIPTION: Pohnpei, Micronesia coral heavy metals and oxygen isotope data, as an indicator of marine pollution from antifouling marine paints. DATA: 1. Heavy Metals Data Column 1: Sample ID Column 2: Distance from surface (mm) Column 3: Cu/Ca (mmol/mol), Treatment I Column 4: Sn/Ca (mmol/mol), Treatment I Column 5: Cu/Ca (mmol/mol), Treatment II Column 6: Sn/Ca (mmol/mol), Treatment II Column 7: Cu/Ca (mmol/mol), Difference between Treatment I and Treatment II Column 8: Sn/Ca (mmol/mol), Difference between Treatment I and Treatment II Coral core POH99-02, Pohnpei, Micronesia ID Dist. Cu/Ca1 Sn/Ca1 Cu/Ca2 Sn/Ca2 Cu/Ca dif. Sn/Ca dif. A-2-1 0 2.171 0.000 0.459 0.000 1.712 0.000 A-2-3 19.2 7.083 0.086 1.310 0.020 5.773 0.066 A-2-5 38.4 4.967 0.058 1.621 0.017 3.346 0.041 A-2-7 57.6 4.728 0.086 1.238 0.011 3.490 0.075 A-2-9 76.8 3.318 0.050 0.762 0.009 2.556 0.041 A-2-11 96 4.203 0.073 1.491 0.019 2.712 0.054 A-2-13 115.2 5.380 0.091 1.836 0.008 3.544 0.083 A-2-15 134.4 3.433 0.019 1.853 0.011 1.580 0.008 A-2-17 153.6 5.704 0.102 2.063 0.017 3.641 0.085 B-2-1 172.8 14.565 0.338 4.367 0.024 10.198 0.314 B-2-3 192 14.017 0.469 2.026 0.006 11.991 0.463 B-2-5 211.2 11.764 0.333 2.576 0.018 9.188 0.315 B-2-7 230.4 9.564 0.187 3.554 0.015 6.010 0.173 B-2-9 249.6 10.894 0.279 2.919 0.018 7.975 0.261 B-2-11 268.8 11.613 0.380 1.716 0.011 9.897 0.369 B-2-13 288 8.238 0.224 1.929 0.011 6.309 0.213 B-2-15 307.2 8.814 0.247 2.859 0.017 5.955 0.230 B-2-17 326.4 12.376 0.464 1.740 0.017 10.636 0.447 B-3-a-5 345.6 11.543 0.472 2.114 0.021 9.430 0.450 B-3-a-7 364.8 8.222 0.270 1.973 0.016 6.249 0.255 B-3-a-9 384 13.155 0.551 2.666 0.035 10.488 0.516 B-3-a-11 403.2 9.047 0.248 2.294 0.026 6.753 0.222 B-3-b-1 422.4 8.367 0.211 3.333 0.030 5.034 0.181 B-3-b-3 441.6 14.003 0.493 2.829 0.028 11.174 0.464 B-3-b-5 460.8 9.837 0.293 2.821 0.032 7.016 0.261 B-3-b-7 480 11.903 0.380 3.072 0.028 8.831 0.352 B-3-b-9 499.2 10.317 0.403 2.731 0.041 7.587 0.362 B-3-b-11 518.4 10.034 0.381 2.775 0.033 7.260 0.349 B-3-b-13 537.6 10.619 0.368 3.444 0.052 7.176 0.316 B-3-b-15 556.8 14.001 0.590 2.869 0.042 11.132 0.548 B-3-b-17 576 7.097 0.233 2.487 0.035 4.610 0.197 B-3-b-19 595.2 3.532 0.120 1.190 0.016 2.342 0.105 C-2-a-1 614.4 4.951 0.090 2.384 0.069 2.567 0.020 C-2-a-3 633.6 6.585 0.226 2.224 0.024 4.361 0.201 C-2-a-5 652.8 6.847 0.262 1.642 0.017 5.205 0.245 C-2-a-7 672 6.926 0.196 1.427 0.019 5.499 0.177 C-2-a-9 691.2 6.474 0.216 1.392 0.018 5.082 0.198 C-2-a-11 710.4 4.674 0.120 1.120 0.012 3.554 0.108 C-2-c-1 729.6 2.428 0.017 1.083 0.000 1.345 0.017 C-2-c-3 748.8 2.899 0.098 0.447 0.000 2.452 0.098 C-2-c-5 768 2.226 0.045 0.347 0.000 1.879 0.045 2. Oxygen Isotope Data Column 1: Distance from surface (mm) Column 3: d18O (PDB) Dist d18O 0.0 -5.24 1.6 -5.46 3.2 -5.26 4.8 -5.55 6.4 -5.47 8.0 -5.49 9.6 -5.37 11.2 -5.44 12.8 -5.24 14.4 16.0 -5.04 17.6 -5.19 19.2 -5.01 20.8 -5.26 22.4 -5.30 24.0 -5.48 25.6 -5.61 27.2 -5.42 28.8 -5.65 30.4 -5.63 32.0 -5.43 33.6 -5.54 35.2 -5.54 36.8 -5.37 38.4 -5.37 40.0 -5.68 41.6 -5.33 43.2 -5.44 44.8 -5.71 46.4 -5.73 48.0 -5.63 49.6 -5.45 51.2 -5.46 52.8 -5.27 54.4 -5.22 56.0 -5.34 57.6 -5.30 59.2 -5.62 60.8 -5.58 62.4 -5.65 64.0 -5.52 65.6 -5.51 67.2 -5.37 68.8 -5.56 70.4 -5.46 72.0 -5.42 73.6 -5.17 75.2 -5.34 76.8 -5.35 78.4 -5.63 80.0 -5.56 81.6 -5.60 83.2 -5.64 84.8 86.4 -5.61 88.0 -5.43 89.6 -5.39 91.2 -5.33 92.8 -5.31 94.4 -5.37 96.0 -5.78 97.6 -5.68 99.2 -5.88 100.8 -5.60 102.4 -5.89 104.0 -5.55 105.6 -5.68 107.2 108.8 -5.31 110.4 -5.26 112.0 -5.27 115.2 -5.53 118.4 -5.66 121.6 -5.20 124.8 -5.13 128.0 -5.13 131.2 -5.63 134.4 -5.80 137.6 -5.65 140.8 -5.73 144.0 -5.58 147.2 -5.24 150.4 -5.55 153.6 -5.80 156.8 -5.47 160.0 -5.46 163.2 -5.29 166.4 -5.37 169.6 -5.76 172.8 -5.60 176.0 -5.56 179.2 -5.30 181.6 -5.65 184.8 -5.54 188.0 -5.47 191.2 -5.33 194.4 -5.61 197.6 -5.53 200.8 -5.31 204.0 -5.34 207.2 -5.43 210.4 -5.18 213.6 -5.73 216.8 -5.68 220.0 -5.71 223.2 -5.55 226.4 -5.25 229.6 -5.31 232.8 -5.62 236.0 -5.83 239.2 -5.62 242.4 -5.30 245.6 -5.36 248.8 -5.20 252.0 -5.33 255.2 -5.62 258.4 -5.54 261.6 -5.36 264.8 -5.20 268.0 -5.34 271.2 -5.39 274.4 -5.10 277.6 280.8 -5.08 284.0 -5.65 287.2 -5.43 290.4 -5.50 293.6 -5.57 296.8 -5.44 300.0 -5.09 303.2 -4.93 306.4 -4.99 309.6 -5.42 312.8 -5.51 316.0 -5.72 319.2 -5.55 322.4 -5.40 325.6 -5.61 328.8 -5.69 332.0 335.2 -5.41 338.4 -5.47 341.6 -5.42 344.8 -5.45 348.0 -5.65 351.2 -5.75 354.4 -5.69 357.6 -5.82 360.8 -5.03 364.0 -5.07 367.2 -5.64 370.4 -5.32 373.6 -5.68 376.8 -5.12 380.0 -4.98 383.2 -5.10 386.4 -5.58 389.6 -5.64 392.8 -5.41 396.0 -5.45 399.2 -5.42 402.4 -5.56 405.6 -5.45 408.8 -5.50 412.0 -5.42 415.2 -5.16 418.4 -4.83 421.6 -5.54 424.8 -5.53 428.0 -5.90 431.2 -5.66 434.4 -5.19 437.6 -5.00 440.8 -5.38 444.0 -5.45 447.2 -5.25 450.4 -5.02 453.6 -4.96 456.8 -5.21 460.0 -5.55 463.2 -5.39 466.4 -5.43 469.6 -5.36 472.8 -5.23 476.0 -5.24 479.2 -5.17 482.4 -5.17 485.6 -5.04 488.8 -5.11 492.0 -5.10 495.2 -5.41 498.4 -5.42 501.6 -5.35 504.8 -5.39 508.0 -5.56 511.2 -5.62 514.4 -5.32 517.6 -5.29 520.8 -5.61 524.0 -5.68 527.2 530.4 -5.49 533.6 -5.37 536.8 -5.39 540.0 -5.65 543.2 -5.60 546.4 -5.51 549.6 -5.32 552.8 -5.36 556.0 -5.21 559.2 -5.36 562.4 -5.71 565.6 568.8 -5.69 572.0 -5.48 575.2 -5.27 578.4 -5.32 581.6 -5.60 584.8 -5.51 588.0 -5.62 591.2 -5.30 594.4 -5.12 597.6 -5.15 600.8 -5.79 604.0 -5.61 607.2 -5.61 610.4 -5.49 613.6 -5.29 616.8 -5.82 620.0 -5.56 623.2 -5.63 623.2 -5.34 626.4 629.6 -5.59 632.8 -5.63 636.0 -5.49 639.2 642.4 -5.18 645.6 -5.34 648.8 -5.54 652.0 -5.46 655.2 -5.28 658.4 -5.13 661.6 -5.24 677.6 -5.42 680.8 -5.16 684.0 -5.34 687.2 -5.60 690.4 -5.59 693.6 -5.49 696.8 -5.51 700.0 -5.31 703.2 -5.38 706.4 -5.71 709.6 -5.65 712.8 -5.82 716.0 -5.35 719.2 722.4 725.6 -5.42 728.8 -5.57 732.0 -5.64 735.2 -5.63 738.4 -5.51 741.6 -5.39 744.8 -5.41 748.0 -5.25 751.2 -5.23 754.4 -5.03 757.6 -5.23 760.8 -5.13 764.0 767.2 770.4 773.6 776.8 780.0 783.2 -5.22