Juxtlahuaca Cave, Mexico 22,000 Year Stalagmite Oxygen Isotope Data Lachniet, M.S.; Asmerom, Y.; Bernal, J.P.; Polyak, V.J.; Vazquéz-Selem, L. Lachniet, M.S. Asmerom, Y. Bernal, J.P. Polyak, V.J. Vazquéz-Selem, L. Monsoon earth science/paleoclimate/speleothems (depth,null,null,millimeter,null,speleothems,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/speleothems (delta 18O,calcium carbonate,null,per mil VPDB,null,speleothems,corrected,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,corrected for ice volume) earth science/paleoclimate/speleothems (age,null,null,calendar year before present,null,speleothems,null,null,N,present defined as 2000 CE) earth science/paleoclimate/speleothems (delta 18O,calcium carbonate,null,per mil VPDB,null,speleothems,raw,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/speleothems (Juxtlahuaca Cave>LATITUDE 17.44>LONGITUDE -99.16) The dominant controls on global paleomonsoon strength include summer insolation driven by precession cycles, ocean circulation through its influence on atmospheric circulation, and sea-surface temperatures. However, few records from the summer North American Monsoon system are available to test for a synchronous response with other global monsoons to shared forcings. In particular, the monsoon response to widespread atmospheric reorganizations associated with disruptions of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) during the deglacial period remains unconstrained. Here, we present a high-resolution and radiometrically dated monsoon rainfall reconstruction over the past 22,000 y from speleothems of tropical southwestern Mexico. The data document an active Last Glacial Maximum (18-24 cal ka B.P.) monsoon with similar d18O values to the modern, and that the monsoon collapsed during periods of weakened AMOC during Heinrich stadial 1 (ca. 17 ka) and the Younger Dryas (12.9-11.5 ka). The Holocene was marked by a trend to a weaker monsoon that was paced by orbital insolation. We conclude that the Mesoamerican monsoon responded in concert with other global monsoon regions, and that monsoon strength was driven by variations in the strength and latitudinal position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone, which was forced by AMOC variations in the North Atlantic Ocean. The surprising observation of an active Last Glacial Maximum monsoon is attributed to an active but shallow AMOC and proximity to the Intertropical Convergence Zone. The emergence of agriculture in southwestern Mexico was likely only possible after monsoon strengthening in the Early Holocene at ca. 11 ka. STUDY NOTES: Oxygen isotope (d18O) data from 3 stalagmites from Juxtlahuaca Cave, Mexico, covering the last 22,000 years. Data are presented as both raw d18O measurements and d18Oswc (where swc refers to sea-water corrected) used for Figures 1-3 in Lachniet et al., 2013 PNAS. 1) The stalagmite d18O values were interpolated to a 10-year resolution 2) and corrected for changes in the d18O value of the ocean according to the reconstruction of Waelbroeck C, et al. (2002) Sea-level and deep water temperature changes derived from benthic foraminifera isotopic records. Quaternary Science Reviews 21(1-3):295-305 NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Lachniet, M.S. Investigator : Asmerom, Y. Investigator : Bernal, J.P. Investigator : Polyak, V.J. Investigator : Vazquéz-Selem, L. 2013-05-06 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/14350 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/mexico/juxtlahuaca2013.xls https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/mexico/juxtlahuaca2013jx2swc.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/mexico/juxtlahuaca2013jx10swc.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/mexico/juxtlahuaca2013jx2.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/mexico/juxtlahuaca2013jx10.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/mexico/juxtlahuaca2013jx6swc.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/mexico/juxtlahuaca2013jx6.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/mexico/juxtlahuaca2013.xls https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/mexico/juxtlahuaca2013jx2swc.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/mexico/juxtlahuaca2013jx10swc.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/mexico/juxtlahuaca2013jx2.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/mexico/juxtlahuaca2013jx10.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/mexico/juxtlahuaca2013jx6swc.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/mexico/juxtlahuaca2013jx6.txt English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/14350 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/mexico/juxtlahuaca2013.xls https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/mexico/juxtlahuaca2013jx2swc.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/mexico/juxtlahuaca2013jx10swc.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/mexico/juxtlahuaca2013jx2.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/mexico/juxtlahuaca2013jx10.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/mexico/juxtlahuaca2013jx6swc.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/mexico/juxtlahuaca2013jx6.txt Matthew Lachniet, Yemane Asmerom, Juan Pablo Bernal, Victor J. Polyak, and Lorenzo Vazquéz-Selem. 2013. Orbital pacing and ocean circulation-induced collapses of the Mesoamerican monsoon over the past 22,000 y. 2013. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 110, No. 23, pp. 9255-9260, 4 June 2013. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1222804110 START YEAR: 22111 cal yr BP * END YEAR: 0 cal yr BP -99.16 17.44 -99.16 17.44