Wang et al. 2001 Hulu Cave Stalagmite Oxygen Isotope Data Wang, Y.; Cheng, H.; Edwards, R.L.; An, Z.; Wu, J.; Shen, C.-C.; Dorale, J.A. Wang, Y. Cheng, H. Edwards, R.L. An, Z. Wu, J. Shen, C.-C. Dorale, J.A. Monsoon earth science/paleoclimate/speleothems (depth,null,null,millimeter,null,speleothems,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/speleothems (age,null,null,calendar year before present,null,speleothems,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/speleothems (delta 18O,calcium carbonate,null,per mil VPDB,null,speleothems,raw,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/speleothems (age,null,null,calendar kiloyear before present,null,speleothems,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/speleothems (Hulu Cave>LATITUDE 32.5>LONGITUDE 119.16) Oxygen isotope records of five stalagmites from Hulu Cave near Nanjing bear a remarkable resemblance to oxygen isotope records from Greenland ice cores, suggesting that East Asian Monsoon intensity changed in concert with Greenland temperature between 11,000 and 75,000 years before the present (yr. B.P.). Between 11,000 and 30,000 yr. B.P., the timing of changes in the monsoon, as established with 230Th dates, generally agrees with the timing of temperature changes from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project Two (GISP2) core, which supports GISP2's chronology in this interval. Our record links North Atlantic climate with the meridional transport of heat and moisture from the warmest part of the ocean where the summer East Asian Monsoon originates. STUDY NOTES: DESCRIPTION: Hulu Cave Stalagmite Oxygen Isotope Data and 230Th dating. These data also available as supplementary information for Wang et al. 2001 and Yuan et al. 2004 from www.sciencemag.org. DATA: Items 1. through 3. are as published in Wang et al. 2001. Items 4. and 5. include extended age and isotope data from stalagmite H82 published by Yuan et al. 2004. 1. d13C (y axis) vs d18O (x axis) linear regression results. Data are regressed by individual stalagmite, as well as for the whole data set. Units are in per mil relative to VPDB for both isotope values. Best-fit lines have negative slopes for all groupings except for PD. The best-fit line for PD data has a positive slope; however, R2 is relatively low for this stalagmite. Thus, we observe no strong positive correlations among any groupings, indicating no evidence for kinetic fractionation. Stalagmite Slope Intercept Correlation(R2) #data points MSD -1.23 -14.77 0.629 268 MSL -1.93 -20.76 0.387 285 PD 1 0.39 0.285 149 YT -0.42 -10.48 0.235 338 H82 -0.21 -9.99 0.014 612 MSD+MSL+PD+YT+H82 -0.13 -7.89 0.011 1652 2. 230Th dating 230Th dating of stalagmites from Hulu Cave by TIMS except for stalagmite PD. Other than one analysis (PD-20, which was done by TIMS), the PD analyses were performed by magnetic sector ICP-MS. Errors are 2 sigma. Decay constant values are: lambda230 = 9.1577 x 10-6 year-1, lambda234 = 2.8263 x 10-6 year-1, and lambda238 = 1.55125 x 10-10 year-1. The corrected 230Th ages assume an initial 230Th/232Th atomic ratio of (4.4 ±2.2) x 10-6. This correction is consistent with calculated initial values (of 2.6 x 10-6 to 5.5 x 10-6) from 5 high 232Th sub-samples (marked "#"). I and II indicate duplicate analyses. Depths are relative to the top (youngest surface) of each stalagmite and are measured along the growth axis. Ages in years B.P. are relative to 1950 A.D. 3. Oxygen isotopic data for stalagmites from Hulu Cave. Depths are relative to the top (youngest surface) of each stalagmite and are measured along the growth axis. Ages are established with 230Th ages, band counting, and as described in the text. "Years BP" refers to years relative to 1950 A.D. 4. 230Th dating results of stalagmite H82 from the Hulu Cave, Nanjing, China. The error is 2 sigma. Dating results of sample H82-a and b have been reported in Wang et al. (2001). We have used all of the age data below to assign ages to the oxygen isotope values in Table S5. These results are in a slightly refined timescale compared to that presented in Wang et al. (2001). Corrected 230Th ages assume the initial 230Th/232Th atomic ratio of 4.4 ±2.2 x10-6. Those are the values for a material at secular equilibrium, with the crustal 232Th/238U value of 3.8. The errors are arbitrarily assumed to be 50%. The half lives and growth rate calculations are as same as Table S2. 5. Oxygen isotopic data for stalagmite H82 from Hulu Cave. Depths are relative to the top (youngest surface) of each stalagmite and are measured along the growth axis. Ages are established with 230Th ages. "Age-ka" refers to years thousands of years before present, relative to 1950 AD. Oxygen data between 140.0 and 165.6 mm are from this study and the rest from Wang et al. (2001). The distances have been re-measured and the total distance difference accumulated over 165.6 mm is within 2mm of the original measurement. This contributes to a slight refinement in the timescale. NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Wang, Y. Investigator : Cheng, H. Investigator : Edwards, R.L. Investigator : An, Z. Investigator : Wu, J. Investigator : Shen, C.-C. Investigator : Dorale, J.A. 2004-05-01 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/5426 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/china/hulu_2001.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/china/hulu_2001.txt English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/5426 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/china/hulu_2001.txt Wang, Y.J., H. Cheng, R.L. Edwards, Z.S. An, J.Y. Wu, C.-C. Shen, and J.A. Dorale. 2001. A High-Resolution Absolute-Dated Late Pleistocene Monsoon Record from Hulu Cave, China. Science, 294, 2345-2348. DOI: 10.1126/science.1064618 START YEAR: -67780 AD * END YEAR: -9052 AD 119.16 32.5 119.16 32.5