Coral reef accretion rates and marine reservoir ages in Pacific Panama Toth, L.T.; Aronson, R.B.; Vollmer, S.V.; Hobbs, J.W.; Urrego, D.H.; Cheng, H.; Enochs, I.C.; Combosch, D.J.; van Woesik, R.; Macintyre, I.G. Toth, L.T. Aronson, R.B. Vollmer, S.V. Hobbs, J.W. Urrego, D.H. Cheng, H. Enochs, I.C. Combosch, D.J. van Woesik, R. Macintyre, I.G. ENSO earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (age at sample end,null,null,calendar year before present,null,corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (age at sample start,null,null,calendar year before present,null,corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (notes,null,null,null,null,corals and sclerosponges,null,null,C,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (extension rate,coral,null,meter per kiloyear,null,corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,the rate of linear growth averaged across a coral reef) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (Contadora Island>LATITUDE 8.631566>LONGITUDE -79.028331) (Iguana Island>LATITUDE 7.62699>LONGITUDE -80.00093) (Canales de Tierra Island>LATITUDE 7.40035>LONGITUDE -81.58237) Cores of coral reef frameworks along an upwelling gradient in Panamá show that reef ecosystems in the tropical eastern Pacific collapsed for 2500 years, representing as much as 40% of their history, beginning about 4000 years ago. The principal cause of this millennial-scale hiatus in reef growth was increased variability of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and its coupling with the Intertropical Convergence Zone. The hiatus was a Pacific-wide phenomenon with an underlying climatology similar to probable scenarios for the next century. Global climate change is probably driving eastern Pacific reefs toward another regional collapse. STUDY NOTES: This data set includes calculated rates of vertical reef accretion and local reservoir corrections from coral reef cores collected in Pacific Panama. The cores were collected at three sites: Contadora Island, which experiences strong seasonal upwelling, Iguana Island where upwelling is intermediate, and Canales de Tierra Island, where there is no upwelling. Age models were created for each core using a combination of radiocarbon dating by standard methodologies, radiocarbon dating using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS), and U/Th dating using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Accretion rates were calculated by dividing the length of a given interval in a core by its time-span (typically using radiocarbon ages calibrated using the local reservoir correction). These data are presented in relation to a long-term depositional hiatus that occurred at all three sites from ~4100-1600 cal BP. To calculate the local reservoir correction at each site during the mid-to-late Holocene, individual corals from each site were sampled. These corals were split and one half was radiocarbon dated using AMS and the other half was U/Th dated using ICP-MS. Radiocarbon ages are strongly influenced by the local reservoir correction (Delta R), which is in turn influenced by the regional upwelling regime. Conversely, marine U/Th dates provide a better approximation of the 'true age' of a sample. Subtracting the U/Th age from the radiocarbon age gives an estimate of the total reservoir age, R. The U/Th age of each sample was used to determine expected radiocarbon age for that time based on the standard marine calibration curve. Delta R is calculated by subtracting the expected radiocarbon age from the measured radiocarbon age of the sample. Delta R provides a measure of each locality's deviation from the global reservoir correction, allowing for more accurate calibration of radiocarbon ages. This information is also useful in reconstructing local paleoceanography. NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Toth, L.T. Investigator : Aronson, R.B. Investigator : Vollmer, S.V. Investigator : Hobbs, J.W. Investigator : Urrego, D.H. Investigator : Cheng, H. Investigator : Enochs, I.C. Investigator : Combosch, D.J. Investigator : van Woesik, R. Investigator : Macintyre, I.G. 2012-08-20 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/13157 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/toth2012.xls https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/toth2012.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/toth2012.xls https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/toth2012.txt English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/13157 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/toth2012.xls https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/toth2012.txt Toth, L.T., R.B. Aronson, S.V. Vollmer, J.W. Hobbs, D.H. Urrego, H. Cheng, I.C. Enochs, D.J. Combosch, R. van Woesik, and I.G. Macintyre. 2012. ENSO drove 2500-year collapse of eastern Pacific coral reefs. Science, 337:81-84. doi: 10.1126/science.1221168. START YEAR: 6883 cal yr BP * END YEAR: 0 cal yr BP -81.58237 7.40035 -79.028331 8.631566