Tahiti 15KYrBP Fossil Coral Sr/Ca and d18O Data Felis, T.; Merkel, U.; Asami, R.; Deschamps, P.; Hathorne, E.C.; Kölling, M.; Bard, E.; Cabioch, G.; Durand, N.; Prange, M.; Schulz, M.; Yudawati Cahyarini, S.; Pfeiffer, M. Felis, T. Merkel, U. Asami, R. Deschamps, P. Hathorne, E.C. Kölling, M. Bard, E. Cabioch, G. Durand, N. Prange, M. Schulz, M. Yudawati Cahyarini, S. Pfeiffer, M. ENSO Heinrich Events earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (strontium/calcium,Porites sp.,null,millimole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,interpolated,inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry|laser ablation,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (delta 18O,Porites sp.,null,per mil VPDB,null,corals and sclerosponges,interpolated,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (age,null,null,year,null,corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (IODP M0024A>LATITUDE -17.4882>LONGITUDE -149.4039) The early last glacial termination was characterized by intense North Atlantic cooling and weak overturning circulation. This interval between ~18,000 and 14,600 years ago, known as Heinrich Stadial 1, was accompanied by a disruption of global climate and has been suggested as a key factor for the termination. However, the response of interannual climate variability in the tropical Pacific (El Niño-Southern Oscillation) to Heinrich Stadial 1 is poorly understood. Here we use Sr/Ca in a fossil Tahiti coral to reconstruct tropical South Pacific sea surface temperature around 15,000 years ago at monthly resolution. Unlike today, interannual South Pacific sea surface temperature variability at typical El Niño-Southern Oscillation periods was pronounced at Tahiti. Our results indicate that the El Niño- Southern Oscillation was active during Heinrich Stadial 1, consistent with climate model simulations of enhanced El Niño- Southern Oscillation variability at that time. Furthermore, a greater El Niño-Southern Oscillation influence in the South Pacific during Heinrich Stadial 1 is suggested, resulting from a southward expansion or shift of El Niño-Southern Oscillation sea surface temperature anomalies. STUDY NOTES: Sr/Ca and d18O data from a fossil Porites coral recovered at Tahiti, French Polynesia. Fossil Porites coral (310-M0024A-11R-2W 1-62) was recovered by IODP Expedition 310 in the central tropical South Pacific at 113 m below present sea level off Tiarei on the north side of the island of Tahiti (French Polynesia, IODP Hole M0024A). Rigorous screening for diagenetic alteration using a variety of methods reveals that the aragonitic coral skeleton is well preserved. Two highly consistent U-Th ages indicate that the coral grew 14.994±0.025 ka before the present (ka BP; ‘present’ is defined as AD 1950). In the skeleton of this coral, we analyse the Sr/Ca temperature proxy (and d18O) at monthly resolution representing an interval of 22 years. The fossil Tahiti coral, which lived in a water depth of <=10 m, more likely in <=5 m, at 15.0 ka BP, provides an ultrahigh-resolution snapshot of tropical Pacific climate variability during the cold Heinrich Stadial 1 of the North Atlantic. More information can be found in Felis et al., 2012. IODP Hole M0024A: 17°29.2918'S, 149°24.2358'W, 21m water depth NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Felis, T. Investigator : Merkel, U. Investigator : Asami, R. Investigator : Deschamps, P. Investigator : Hathorne, E.C. Investigator : Kölling, M. Investigator : Bard, E. Investigator : Cabioch, G. Investigator : Durand, N. Investigator : Prange, M. Investigator : Schulz, M. Investigator : Yudawati Cahyarini, S. Investigator : Pfeiffer, M. 2012-07-30 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/13178 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/tahiti2012.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/tahiti2012.xls https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/tahiti2012.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/tahiti2012.xls English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/13178 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/tahiti2012.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/tahiti2012.xls Felis, T., U. Merkel, R. Asami, P. Deschamps, E.C. Hathorne, M. Kölling, E. Bard, G. Cabioch, N. Durand, M. Prange, M. Schulz, S. Yudawati Cahyarini, and M. Pfeiffer. 2012. Pronounced interannual variability in tropical South Pacific temperatures during Heinrich Stadial 1. Nature Communications, 3, Article 965. doi:10.1038/ncomms1973 dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1973 START YEAR: 15005 cal yr BP * END YEAR: 14983 cal yr BP -149.4039 -17.4882 -149.4039 -17.4882