Line Islands Modern and Fossil Coral d18O Data Cobb, K.M.; Westphal, N.; Sayani, H.R.; Watson, J.T.; Di Lorenzo, E.; Cheng, H.; Edwards, R.L.; Charles, C.D. Cobb, K.M. Westphal, N. Sayani, H.R. Watson, J.T. Di Lorenzo, E. Cheng, H. Edwards, R.L. Charles, C.D. ENSO earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (age,null,null,calendar year before present,null,corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (age,null,null,year Common Era,null,corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (delta 18O,Porites sp.,null,per mil VPDB,null,corals and sclerosponges,interpolated,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (Fanning Island>LATITUDE 3.9>LONGITUDE -159.2) (Kiritimati Island>LATITUDE 2>LONGITUDE -157.3) The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) drives large changes in global climate patterns from year to year, yet its sensitivity to continued anthropogenic greenhouse forcing is uncertain. We analyzed fossil coral reconstructions of ENSO spanning the past 7000 years from the Northern Line Islands, located in the center of action for ENSO. The corals document highly variable ENSO activity, with no evidence for a systematic trend in ENSO variance, which is contrary to some models that exhibit a response to insolation forcing over this same period. Twentieth-century ENSO variance is significantly higher than average fossil coral ENSO variance but is not unprecedented. Our results suggest that forced changes in ENSO, whether natural or anthropogenic, may be difficult to detect against a background of large internal variability. STUDY NOTES: This dataset contains coral oxygen isotope (d18O) data from modern and fossil coral specimens collected near Christmas and Fanning Islands, Line Islands, central tropical Pacific. NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Cobb, K.M. Investigator : Westphal, N. Investigator : Sayani, H.R. Investigator : Watson, J.T. Investigator : Di Lorenzo, E. Investigator : Cheng, H. Investigator : Edwards, R.L. Investigator : Charles, C.D. 2013-01-06 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/13672 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-modsplice_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-v28_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-v11_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-v13_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p11_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-v10_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p381_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p40_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p43_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p34_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p26_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p37_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-v8_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-a104_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-v33_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-v30_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-m2_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p49_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-mod_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p2_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p382e2noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-modsplice_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-v28_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-v11_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-v13_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p11_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-v10_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p381_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p40_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p43_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p34_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p26_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p37_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-v8_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-a104_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-v33_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-v30_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-m2_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p49_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-mod_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p2_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p382e2noaa.txt English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/13672 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-modsplice_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-v28_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-v11_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-v13_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p11_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-v10_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p381_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p40_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p43_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p34_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p26_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p37_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-v8_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-a104_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-v33_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-fan-v30_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-m2_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p49_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-mod_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p2_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/cobb2013-xmas-p382e2noaa.txt Cobb, K.M., N. Westphal, H.R. Sayani, J.T. Watson, E. Di Lorenzo, H. Cheng, R. L. Edwards, and C.D. Charles. 2013. Highly Variable El Niño-Southern Oscillation Throughout the Holocene. Science, Vol. 339, no. 6115, pp. 67-70, 4 January 2013. DOI: 10.1126/science.1228246 Zaunbracher, L.K.; Cobb, K.M.; Beck, J.W.; Charles, C.D.; Druffel, E.R.M2010Coral records of central tropical Pacific radiocarbon variability during the last millenniumPaleoceanography2510.1029/2009PA001788 START YEAR: 6896 cal yr BP * END YEAR: -57 cal yr BP -159.2 2 -157.3 3.9