Nelly Bay, Magnetic Island, Australia Mid-Holocene and Modern Coral Luminescence Data and Burdekin River Flow Reconstruction Lough, J.M.; Llewellyn, L.E.; Lewis, S.E.; Turney, C.S.M.; Palmer, J.G.; Cook, C.G.; Hogg, A.G. Lough, J.M. Llewellyn, L.E. Lewis, S.E. Turney, C.S.M. Palmer, J.G. Cook, C.G. Hogg, A.G. ENSO Streamflow Reconstruction earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|corals and sclerosponges (streamflow,luminescence,null,cubic kilometer,Oct-Sep,climate reconstructions|corals and sclerosponges,null,regression analysis,N,exponential regression) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (luminescence,Porites sp.,null,dimensionless,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,luminescence spectroscopy,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/instrumental (streamflow,null,null,cubic kilometer,null,instrumental,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|corals and sclerosponges (age,null,null,calendar year,null,climate reconstructions|corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (age,null,null,calendar year,null,corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|corals and sclerosponges (age,null,null,year Common Era,null,climate reconstructions|corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (Nelly Bay, Magnetic Island, Australia>LATITUDE -19.2>LONGITUDE 146.9) Summer monsoon rainfall in northeastern (NE) Australia exhibits substantial inter-annual variability resulting in highly variable river flows. The occurrence and magnitude of these seasonal river flows are reliably recorded in modern inshore corals as luminescent lines. Here we present reconstructed annual river flows for two ~120-year mid-Holocene windows based on luminescence measurements from five cores obtained from three separate coral colonies. We were able to cross-date the luminescence signatures in four cores from two of the colonies, providing confidence in the derived reconstruction. Present day NE Australian rainfall and river flow are sensitive to El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability, with La Niña (El Niño) events typically associated with wetter (drier) monsoon seasons. Thus, our replicated and annually-resolved coral records provide valuable insights into the northern Australian summer monsoon and ENSO variability at a key period (6?ka) when greenhouse gas levels and ice sheet cover were comparable to the pre-industrial period but orbital forcing was different. Average modern and mid-Holocene growth characteristics were very similar, suggesting that sea surface temperatures off NE Australia at 6ky were also close to present values. The reconstructed river flow record suggests, however, that the mid-Holocene Australian summer monsoon was weaker, less variable from year-to-year (possibly indicative of reduced ENSO variability) and characterised by more within-season flood pulses than present. In contrast to today, the delivery of moisture appears to have been dominated by eastward propagating convective coupled waves associated with the Madden-Julian Oscillation. STUDY NOTES: Radiocarbon dating of contiguous decadal-length segments through NEL03D and NEL07B provided an absolutely dated chronology with a calendar age that spans 6223 to 6098 yr BP. This appears to have been followed by a 60-year gap with NEL01D dated to 6038 to 5918 yr BP. Based on this dating, we assigned Year 0 to the last dated year at the outer edge of NEL01D (i.e. 5918 yr BP). Allowing for the 60-year gap, the youngest year of NEL07B was assigned Year 188 and the oldest year of NEL03D was assigned Year 313. Cross-dating of cores also showed that NEL07 died 44 years after NEL03. Thus, we obtained four time series of coral luminescence from two colonies (NEL03 and NEL07) which could be precisely related to each other and overlapped for 61 years (Years 294 to 234) and a single time series from colony NEL01 for Years 128 to 0. NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Lough, J.M. Investigator : Llewellyn, L.E. Investigator : Lewis, S.E. Investigator : Turney, C.S.M. Investigator : Palmer, J.G. Investigator : Cook, C.G. Investigator : Hogg, A.G. 2014-06-06 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/16557 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-nel07c.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-nel35a.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-nel39b.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-nel01d.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-nel03a.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-nel29a.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-burdekin-nel01.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-nel03d.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-nel07b.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-burdekin-mod.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-burdekin-nel03-07.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-nel07c.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-nel35a.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-nel39b.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-nel01d.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-nel03a.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-nel29a.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-burdekin-nel01.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-nel03d.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-nel07b.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-burdekin-mod.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-burdekin-nel03-07.txt English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/16557 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-nel07c.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-nel35a.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-nel39b.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-nel01d.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-nel03a.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-nel29a.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-burdekin-nel01.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-nel03d.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-nel07b.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-burdekin-mod.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/lough2014/lough2014-burdekin-nel03-07.txt Lough, J.M., L.E. Llewellyn, S.E. Lewis, C.S.M. Turney, J.G. Palmer, C.G. Cook and A.G. Hogg2014Evidence for suppressed mid-Holocene northeastern Australian monsoon variability from coral luminescencePaleoceanography2910.1002/2014PA002630 START YEAR: 6223 cal yr BP * END YEAR: -63 cal yr BP 146.9 -19.2 146.9 -19.2