Butaritari Atoll, Kiribati Geochemical Data From 1959-2010 Carilli, J.E.; McGregor, H.V.; Gaudry, J.J.; Donner, S.D.; Gagan, M.K.; Stevenson, S.; Wong, H.; Fink, D. Carilli, J.E. McGregor, H.V. Gaudry, J.J. Donner, S.D. Gagan, M.K. Stevenson, S. Wong, H. Fink, D. ENSO earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|corals and sclerosponges (sea surface temperature,strontium/calcium,null,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (strontium/calcium,Porites sp.,null,millimole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,interpolated,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (age,null,null,year Common Era,null,corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|corals and sclerosponges (delta 18O,delta 18O|sea water|strontium/calcium,null,per mil VPDB,null,climate reconstructions|corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,sea surface) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (delta 18O,Porites sp.,null,per mil VPDB,null,corals and sclerosponges,interpolated,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (Butaritari Atoll>LATITUDE 3.073056>LONGITUDE 172.746944) Observations of sea surface and land–near-surface merged temperature anomalies are used to monitor climate variations and to evaluate climate simulations; therefore, it is important to make analyses of these data as accurate as possible. Analysis uncertainty occurs because of data errors and incomplete sampling over the historical period. This manuscript documents recent improvements in NOAA’s merged global surface temperature anomaly analysis, monthly, in spatial 5° grid boxes. These improvements allow better analysis of temperatures throughout the record, with the greatest improvements in the late nineteenth century and since 1985. Improvements in the late nineteenth century are due to improved tuning of the analysis methods. Beginning in 1985, improvements are due to the inclusion of bias-adjusted satellite data. The old analysis (version 2) was documented in 2005, and this improved analysis is called version 3. STUDY NOTES: Errors: d18O Porites sp. = 0.13 per mil; Sr/Ca Porites sp. = 0.045 mmol/mol; seawater delta 18O Porites sp. = 0.175 per mil. NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Carilli, J.E. Investigator : McGregor, H.V. Investigator : Gaudry, J.J. Investigator : Donner, S.D. Investigator : Gagan, M.K. Investigator : Stevenson, S. Investigator : Wong, H. Investigator : Fink, D. 2014-10-10 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/17289 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/carilli2014/carilli2014-but3.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/carilli2014/carilli2014-but3.txt English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/17289 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/carilli2014/carilli2014-but3.txt Carilli, J.E., H.V. McGregor, J.J. Gaudry, S.D. Donner, M.K. Gagan, S. Stevenson, H. Wong, and D. Fink2014Equatorial Pacific coral geochemical records show recent weakening of the Walker CirculationPaleoceanography10.1002/2014PA002683 Cahyarini, S.Y., Pfeiffer, M., Timm, O., Dullo, W.C., Schonerg, D.G.2008Reconstructing seawater d18O from paired coral d18O and Sr/Ca ratios: Methods, error analysis and problems, with examples from Tahiti (French Polynesia) and Timor (Indonesia). Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta722841-285310.1016/j.gca.2008.04.005 Gagan, M.K., G.B. Dunbar, and A. Suzuki2012The effect of skeletal mass accumulation in Porites on coral Sr/Ca and d18O paleothermometryPaleoceanography27PA120310.1029/2011PA002215 Smith, T.M., R.W. Reynolds, T.C. Peterson, and J. Lawrimore. 2008. Improvements to NOAA's historical merged land-ocean surface temperature analysis (1880-2006). J. Climate, 21, 2283-2296. doi: 10.1175/2007JCLI2100.1 Stevenson, S., H.V. McGregor, S.J. Phipps, and B. Fox-Kemper2013Quantifying errors in coral-based ENSO estimates: Toward improved forward modeling of d18OPaleoceanography28633-64910.1002/palo.20059 START YEAR: 1959 AD * END YEAR: 2010 AD 172.746944 3.073056 172.746944 3.073056