Kiritimati Island - Data Evans, M.N.; Fairbanks, R.G.; Rubenstone, J.L. Evans, M.N. Fairbanks, R.G. Rubenstone, J.L. PAGES 2k Network PAGES Australasia 2k earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (delta 18O,Porites sp.,null,per mil PDB,null,corals and sclerosponges,anomalized|interpolated,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,anomalized to 1981-1986 AD) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (strontium/calcium,Porites sp.,null,millimole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,interpolated,thermal ionization mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (age,null,null,year Common Era,null,corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (delta 13C,Porites sp.,null,per mil PDB,null,corals and sclerosponges,interpolated,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (strontium/calcium,Porites sp.,null,millimole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,anomalized|interpolated,thermal ionization mass spectrometry,N,anomalized to 1981-1986 AD) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (delta 18O,Porites sp.,null,per mil PDB,null,corals and sclerosponges,interpolated,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (Kiritimati Island>LATITUDE 2>LONGITUDE -157.3) Central equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly is a critical predictor of basin-wide oceanographic and atmospheric effects of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. We employ two geochemical thermometers measured on coralline aragonite to reconstruct an independent proxy-based measure of central equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature anomaly. In addition, we assess the observational error associated with extraction of large-scale SST anomalies from δ18O and Sr/Ca measurements. On the basis of paired data for the 1981–1987 period, RMS error for the estimation of SST from Kiritimati coral δ18O is about 0.4°C, assuming no seawater δ18O influence; for Sr/Ca, the observational error is about 0.5°C. Singular spectrum analysis of the δ18O time series suggests that 1/3 of the variance is explained by SST anomaly and that this variance may be separated from other signals in the frequency domain. The interannual component of the δ18O record shares 70% variance with the interannual component of local SST anomaly estimates (ρ=−0.84) and correlates as highly with NINO3 region (150°W–90°W, 5°N–5°S) SST anomaly estimates; comparison of annual averages of the δ18O data with analyzed SST for 55 years suggests that the error in deriving annually averaged SST anomalies at Kiritimati is about 0.4°C. A global SST correlation analysis suggests significant correlation with the rest of the Pacific Basin and the tropical Indian and Atlantic sectors. The ocean-wide level of correlation achieved using the coral data is indistinguishable from that achieved using the NINO3 SST anomaly index and suggests that a few well-located coral reconstructions with low observational error may be sufficient to reconstruct the global SST anomaly field associated with ENSO activity. NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Evans, M.N. Investigator : Fairbanks, R.G. Investigator : Rubenstone, J.L. 1998-10-01 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/1847 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/image/kirit18o.gif https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/evans1998-long_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/image/kirit13c.gif https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/evans1998-short_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/image/kirit18o.gif https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/evans1998-long_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/image/kirit13c.gif https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/evans1998-short_noaa.txt English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/1847 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/image/kirit18o.gif https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/evans1998-long_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/image/kirit13c.gif https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/evans1998-short_noaa.txt Evans, M.N.; Fairbanks, R.G.; Rubenstone, J.L1998A Proxy Index of ENSO TeleconnectionsNature394 Evans, M.N., R.G. Fairbanks and J.L. Rubenstone1999The thermal oceanographic signal of El Niño reconstructed from a Kiritimati Island coralJournal of Geophysical Research: Oceans104C613409-1342110.1029/1999JC900001 START YEAR: 1938 AD * END YEAR: 1993 AD -157.3 2 -157.3 2