Multi-site - del18O Data - 2001 Tudhope, A.W.; Chilcott, C.P.; McCulloch, M.T.; Cook, E.R.; Chappell, J.; Ellam, R.M.; Lea, D.W.; Lough, J.M.; Shimmield, G.B. Tudhope, A.W. Chilcott, C.P. McCulloch, M.T. Cook, E.R. Chappell, J. Ellam, R.M. Lea, D.W. Lough, J.M. Shimmield, G.B. PAGES 2k Network PAGES Australasia 2k earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (age,null,null,year Common Era,null,corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (delta 18O,Porites sp.,null,per mil PDB,null,corals and sclerosponges,interpolated,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (age,null,null,year,null,corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (Madang Lagoon>LATITUDE -5.22>LONGITUDE 145.82) (Huon Terrace IIa1>LATITUDE -6.22>LONGITUDE 147.67) (Laing Terrace>LATITUDE -4.15>LONGITUDE 144.88) (Huon Terrace IIa2>LATITUDE -6.22>LONGITUDE 147.67) (Huon Terrace IIIb>LATITUDE -6.2>LONGITUDE 147.67) (Huon Terrace IIa3>LATITUDE -6.12>LONGITUDE 147.62) (Huon Terrace VII3>LATITUDE -6.07>LONGITUDE 147.57) (Huon Terrace V>LATITUDE -6.13>LONGITUDE 147.62) (Huon Terrace VIIa1>LATITUDE -6.12>LONGITUDE 147.6) (Huon Terrace VIIa2>LATITUDE -6.12>LONGITUDE 147.6) (Huon Peninsula>LATITUDE -6.08>LONGITUDE 147.6) (Huon Terrace VII2>LATITUDE -6.07>LONGITUDE 147.57) (Huon Terrace VIIa3>LATITUDE -6.1>LONGITUDE 147.6) (Huon Terrace I>LATITUDE -6.08>LONGITUDE 147.6) (Huon Terrace VII1>LATITUDE -6.07>LONGITUDE 147.57) (Laing Island>LATITUDE -4.15>LONGITUDE 144.88) (Madang Terrace>LATITUDE -5.22>LONGITUDE 145.82) The El Nino–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the most potent source of inter- annual climate variability. Uncertainty surrounding the impact of greenhouse warming on ENSO strength and frequency has stimulated efforts to develop a better understanding of the sensitivity of ENSO to climate change. Here we use annually banded corals from Papua New Guinea to show that ENSO has existed for the past 130,000 years, operating even during “glacial” times of substan- tially reduced regional and global temperature and changed solar forcing. However, we also find that during the 20th century ENSO has been strong compared with ENSO of previous cool (glacial) and warm (interglacial) times. The observed pattern of change in amplitude may be due to the combined effects of ENSO dampening during cool glacial conditions and ENSO forcing by precessional orbital variations NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Tudhope, A.W. Investigator : Chilcott, C.P. Investigator : McCulloch, M.T. Investigator : Cook, E.R. Investigator : Chappell, J. Investigator : Ellam, R.M. Investigator : Lea, D.W. Investigator : Lough, J.M. Investigator : Shimmield, G.B. 2001-10-01 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/1866 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001/fig3a.jpg https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-dt91-7_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h95-14_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h95-58_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h96-27_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h95-25_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h96-36_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h95-18_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h94-2_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-fc2_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001/fig4a.jpg https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h97-10_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h95-6_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h96-18_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h96-6_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-m93tbfc_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h95-16_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h95-64_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-dur-2_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001/fig3a.jpg https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-dt91-7_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h95-14_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h95-58_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h96-27_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h95-25_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h96-36_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h95-18_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h94-2_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-fc2_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001/fig4a.jpg https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h97-10_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h95-6_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h96-18_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h96-6_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-m93tbfc_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h95-16_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h95-64_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-dur-2_noaa.txt English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/1866 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001/fig3a.jpg https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-dt91-7_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h95-14_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h95-58_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h96-27_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h95-25_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h96-36_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h95-18_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h94-2_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-fc2_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001/fig4a.jpg https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h97-10_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h95-6_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h96-18_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h96-6_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-m93tbfc_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h95-16_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-h95-64_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/tudhope2001-dur-2_noaa.txt Tudhope, A.W.; Chilcott, C.P.; McCulloch, M.T.; Cook, E.R.; Chappell, J.; Ellam, R.M.; Lea, D.W.; Lough, J.M.; Shimmield, G.B2001Variability in the El Nino-Southern Oscillation through a glacial-interglacial cycleScience29110.1126/science.1057969 START YEAR: -128035 AD * END YEAR: 1995 AD 144.88 -6.22 147.67 -4.15