Jarvis Island, Equatorial Pacific Sr/Ca Records and Sea Surface Temperature Data 1996-2012 Alpert, A.E.; Cohen, A.L.; Oppo, D.W.; DeCarlo, T.M.; Gove, J.M.; Young, C.W. Alpert, A.E. Cohen, A.L. Oppo, D.W. DeCarlo, T.M. Gove, J.M. Young, C.W. earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (age,null,null,year Common Era,null,corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (strontium/calcium,Porites sp.,null,millimole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,interpolated,inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (strontium/calcium,Porites sp.,one standard deviation,millimole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,interpolated,inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/instrumental (sea surface temperature,null,null,degree Celsius,null,instrumental,interpolated,null,N,from temperature logger) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (E500 Jarvis Island>LATITUDE -.3715>LONGITUDE -159.9823) (E016 Jarvis Island>LATITUDE -.3739>LONGITUDE -159.9834) (W037 Jarvis Island>LATITUDE -.3691>LONGITUDE -160.0082) (W490 Jarvis Island>LATITUDE -.3696>LONGITUDE -160.0083) Coral Sr/Ca is widely used to reconstruct past ocean temperatures. However, some studies report different Sr/Ca-temperature relationships for conspecifics on the same reef, with profound implications for interpretation of reconstructed temperatures. We assess whether these differences are attributable to small-scale oceanographic variability or "vital effects" associated with coral calcification, and quantify the effect of inter-colony differences on temperature estimates and uncertainties. Sr/Ca records from four massive Porites colonies growing on the east and west sides of Jarvis Island, central equatorial Pacific, were compared with in situ logger temperatures spanning 2002-2012. In general, Sr/Ca captured the occurrence of inter-annual SST events but their amplitude was not consistently recorded by any of the corals. No long-term trend was identified in the instrumental data yet Sr/Ca of one coral implied a statistically significant cooling trend while that of its neighbor implied a warming trend. Slopes of Sr/Ca- temperature regressions from the four different colonies were within error, but offsets in mean Sr/Ca rendered the regressions statistically distinct. Assuming these relationships represent the full range of Sr/Ca-temperature calibrations in Jarvis Porites, we assessed how well Sr/Ca of a non-living coral with an unknown Sr/Ca-temperature relationship can constrain past temperatures. Our results indicate that standard error of prediction methods underestimate the actual error as we could not reliably reconstruct the amplitude or frequency of ENSO events as large as ±2°C. Our results underscore the importance of characterizing the full range of temperature-Sr/Ca relationships at each study site to estimate true error. STUDY NOTES: Chronology based on band counting of CT scan. Provided Keywords: biomineralization, SST NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Alpert, A.E. Investigator : Cohen, A.L. Investigator : Oppo, D.W. Investigator : DeCarlo, T.M. Investigator : Gove, J.M. Investigator : Young, C.W. 2016-05-05 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/20125 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/central_pacific/alpert2016/alpert2016-w037.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/central_pacific/alpert2016/alpert2016-w490.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/central_pacific/alpert2016/alpert2016-e500.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/central_pacific/alpert2016/alpert2016-e016.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/central_pacific/alpert2016/alpert2016-w037.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/central_pacific/alpert2016/alpert2016-w490.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/central_pacific/alpert2016/alpert2016-e500.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/central_pacific/alpert2016/alpert2016-e016.txt English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/20125 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/central_pacific/alpert2016/alpert2016-w037.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/central_pacific/alpert2016/alpert2016-w490.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/central_pacific/alpert2016/alpert2016-e500.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/central_pacific/alpert2016/alpert2016-e016.txt Alice E. Alpert, Anne L. Cohen, Delia W. Oppo, Thomas M. DeCarlo, Jamison M. Gove, and Charles W. Young2016Comparison of equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature variability and trends with Sr/Ca records from multiple coralsPaleoceanography312252-26510.1002/2015PA002897http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2015PA002897/pdf START YEAR: 1996 AD * END YEAR: 2012 AD -160.0083 -.3739 -159.9823 -.3691