Tarawa Atoll Mn/Ca, westerly wind index, and d18O Data and Jarvis Island Sr/Ca Data from 1890-1982 Thompson, D.M.; Cole, J.E. Thompson, D.M. Cole, J.E. ENSO earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (delta 18O,Porites sp.,null,per mil PDB,null,corals and sclerosponges,anomalized|detrended,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (age,null,null,year Common Era,null,corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (manganese/calcium,Porites sp.,null,nanomole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|corals and sclerosponges (wind speed,manganese/calcium,null,count,null,climate reconstructions|corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,westerly wind anomaly index; 10-year sum of quarterly Mn/Ca with a Z-score = 1; 85th percentile) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (strontium/calcium,Porites sp.,null,millimole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,detrended|smoothed,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,10 year smoothed and detrended) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|corals and sclerosponges (age,null,null,year Common Era,null,climate reconstructions|corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (Tarawa Atoll>LATITUDE 1.33>LONGITUDE 172.97) (Jarvis Island>LATITUDE -.37167>LONGITUDE -159.983) In the western tropical Pacific, the interannual migration of the Indonesian Low convective system causes changes in rainfall that dominate the regional signature of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) system. A 96-year oxygen isotope record from a Tarawa Atoll coral (1°N, 172°E) reflects regional convective activity through rainfall-induced salinity changes. This monthly resolution record spans twice the length of the local climatological record and provides a history of ENSO variability comparable in quality with those derived from instrumental climate data. Comparison of this coral record with a historical chronology of EI Niño events indicates that climate anomalies in coastal South America are occasionally decoupled from Pacific-wide ENSO extremes. Spectral analysis suggests that the distribution of variance in this record has shifted among annual to interannual periods during the present century, concurrent with observed changes in the strength of the Southern Oscillation. STUDY NOTES: Tarawa westerly wind reconstruction (1894-1982) from seasonally resolved measurements of Mn/Ca ratios. Mn/Ca measurement precision- 1s : ±1.6-2 nmol Mn/ mol Ca, d18O measurement precision- ±0.08 per mil. Jarvis Sr/Ca (mmol/mol) 10-year smoothed & detrended for comparison with Tarawa westerly wind reconstruction. Sr/Ca measurement precision- 1s : ±0.044 mmol/mol for in-house coral std. Provided Keywords: Trade winds, ENSO, Hiatus NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Thompson, D.M. Investigator : Cole, J.E. 2016-06-09 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/20247 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/central_pacific/thompson2015/thompson2015-jarvis.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/central_pacific/thompson2015/thompson2015-tarawa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/central_pacific/thompson2015/thompson2015-jarvis.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/central_pacific/thompson2015/thompson2015-tarawa.txt English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/20247 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/central_pacific/thompson2015/thompson2015-jarvis.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/central_pacific/thompson2015/thompson2015-tarawa.txt Thompson, D.M., Cole, J.E., Shen, G.T., Tudhope, A.W., and Meehl, G.A.2015Early twentieth-century warming linked to tropical Pacific wind strengthNature Geoscience8117-12110.1038/ngeo2321 Cole, J.E., R.G. Fairbanks, and G.T. Shen1993The Spectrum of Recent Variability in the Southern Oscillation: Results from a Tarawa Atoll Coral.Science10.1126/science.260.5115.1790 START YEAR: 1890 AD * END YEAR: 1990 AD -159.983 -.37167 172.97 1.33