Papua New Guinea Holocene Coral Oxygen Isotope Data McGregor, H.V.; Gagan, M.K. McGregor, H.V. Gagan, M.K. ENSO Warm Pool earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (delta 18O,Porites lutea,null,per mil VPDB,null,corals and sclerosponges,anomalized,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,anomalized to series mean) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (delta 18O,Porites sp.,null,per mil VPDB,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (delta 18O,Porites lutea,null,per mil VPDB,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (age,null,null,year Common Era,null,corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (delta 18O,Porites sp.,null,per mil VPDB,null,corals and sclerosponges,anomalized,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,anomalized to series mean) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (age,null,null,year,null,corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/corals and sclerosponges (Cape Saum, Muschu Island>LATITUDE -3.4132>LONGITUDE 143.6363) (Morock Bay, Muschu Island>LATITUDE -3.4064>LONGITUDE 143.6083) Skeletal oxygen isotope ratios in Holocene Porites corals from northern Papua New Guinea record decreases in sea surface temperature (SST) and rainfall during El Nino events. Threshold analysis of seven fossil coral d18O records spanning the period 7.6-5.4 ka (thousand years ago) shows 8-12 El Nino events/century, significantly less than the 23 events/century recorded by the NINO3.4 Index. The coral reconstructions also show a 15% reduction in El Nino event amplitude for 7.6-5.4 ka, compared to today, which is greater than the suppression given by model studies. In contrast, large and protracted El Nino events are identified for 2.5-1.7 ka. Taken together, the results indicate a nonlinear atmospheric response to Holocene changes in El Nino SST anomalies. We propose that small changes in tropical SST gradients, the positioning of the Intertropical Convergence Zone, and the Pacific tradewind climatology modify the impact of El Nino events on western Pacific rainfall. STUDY NOTES: Fossil and modern coral d18O data from Koil Island and Muschu Island, northern Papua New Guinea, collected from uplifted and living reefs. Fossil corals were screened for diagenesis using X-ray diffraction. Eight mid-late Holocene fossil corals were selected for study due to their well preserved state. Uranium-series ages of these corals were determined by isotope dilution thermal ionisation mass spectrometry, with fossil coral initial d234U constrained to 146–150 per mil. The average error on the uranium-series ages is ±90 yr. NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : McGregor, H.V. Investigator : Gagan, M.K. 2010-11-15 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/9813 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/papau-new-guinea2004.xls https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-fm21_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-fm24_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-ms01_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-fm09_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-fm07_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-fk05_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-fm22_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-fm15_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-fm23_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/papau-new-guinea2004.xls https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-fm21_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-fm24_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-ms01_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-fm09_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-fm07_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-fk05_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-fm22_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-fm15_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-fm23_noaa.txt English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/9813 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/papau-new-guinea2004.xls https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-fm21_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-fm24_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-ms01_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-fm09_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-fm07_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-fk05_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-fm22_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-fm15_noaa.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/papua_new_guinea/mcgregor2004-fm23_noaa.txt McGregor, H.V., and M.K. Gagan. 2004. Western Pacific coral d18O records of anomalous Holocene variability in the El Nino-Southern Oscillation. Geophysical Research Letters, 31, L11204, doi:10.1029/2004GL019972. START YEAR: 7550 cal yr BP * END YEAR: -47 cal yr BP 143.6083 -3.4132 143.6363 -3.4064