Paleo-pCO2 Database ODP999 Plio-Pleistocene Boron Isotope and CO2 Data Martínez-Botí, M.A.; Foster, G.L.; Chalk, T.B.; Rohling, E.J.; Sexton, P.F.; Lunt, D.J.; Pancost, R.D.; Badger, M.P.S.; Schmidt, D.N. Martínez-Botí, M.A. Foster, G.L. Chalk, T.B. Rohling, E.J. Sexton, P.F. Lunt, D.J. Pancost, R.D. Badger, M.P.S. Schmidt, D.N. earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (pH,delta 11B,null,dimensionless,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate forcing|paleoceanography (carbon dioxide,bulk atmosphere,two standard deviations upper bound,parts per million,null,climate forcing|paleoceanography,null,null,N,based on 11B of G. ruber white) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (magnesium/calcium,Globigerinoides ruber white,null,millimole per mole,null,paleoceanography,null,null,,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (delta 11B,Globigerinoides ruber white,null,per mil,null,paleoceanography,null,ion chromatography|multiple collector inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (sea surface temperature,magnesium/calcium,null,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate forcing|paleoceanography (carbon dioxide,bulk atmosphere,two standard deviations lower bound,parts per million,null,climate forcing|paleoceanography,null,null,N,based on 11B of G. ruber white) earth science/paleoclimate/climate forcing|climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (age,null,null,million years ago,null,climate forcing|climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (delta 11B,Globigerinoides ruber white,two standard deviations,per mil,null,paleoceanography,null,ion chromatography|multiple collector inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (pH,delta 11B,two standard deviations upper bound,dimensionless,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (pH,delta 11B,two standard deviations lower bound,dimensionless,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate forcing|paleoceanography (carbon dioxide,bulk atmosphere,null,parts per million,null,climate forcing|paleoceanography,null,null,N,based on 11B of G. ruber white) earth science/paleoclimate/climate forcing (ODP 999A>LATITUDE 12.75>LONGITUDE -78.73) Theory and climate modelling suggest that the sensitivity of Earth's climate to changes in radiative forcing could depend on the background climate. However, palaeoclimate data have thus far been insufficient to provide a conclusive test of this prediction. Here we present atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) reconstructions based on multi-site boron-isotope records from the late Pliocene epoch (3.3 to 2.3 million years ago). We find that Earth's climate sensitivity to CO2-based radiative forcing (Earth system sensitivity) was half as strong during the warm Pliocene as during the cold late Pleistocene epoch (0.8 to 0.01 million years ago). We attribute this difference to the radiative impacts of continental ice-volume changes (the ice-albedo feedback) during the late Pleistocene, because equilibrium climate sensitivity is identical for the two intervals when we account for such impacts using sea-level reconstructions. We conclude that, on a global scale, no unexpected climate feedbacks operated during the warm Pliocene, and that predictions of equilibrium climate sensitivity (excluding long-term ice-albedo feedbacks) for our Pliocene-like future (with CO2 levels up to maximum Pliocene levels of 450 parts per million) are well described by the currently accepted range of an increase of 1.5 K to 4.5 K per doubling of CO2. STUDY NOTES: Paleo-CO2 derived from boron isotope measurements on planktonic foraminifera samples from Ocean Drilling Program site 999, contributed to the Paleo-pCO2 Database NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Martínez-Botí, M.A. Investigator : Foster, G.L. Investigator : Chalk, T.B. Investigator : Rohling, E.J. Investigator : Sexton, P.F. Investigator : Lunt, D.J. Investigator : Pancost, R.D. Investigator : Badger, M.P.S. Investigator : Schmidt, D.N. 2018-05-30 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/24331 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/trace_gases/Paleo-pCO2/martinez-boti2015boron.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/trace_gases/Paleo-pCO2/martinez-boti2015boron.xlsx https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/trace_gases/Paleo-pCO2/martinez-boti2015boron.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/trace_gases/Paleo-pCO2/martinez-boti2015boron.xlsx English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/24331 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/trace_gases/Paleo-pCO2/martinez-boti2015boron.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/trace_gases/Paleo-pCO2/martinez-boti2015boron.xlsx M.A. Martínez-Botí, G.L. Foster, T.B. Chalk, E.J. Rohling, P.F. Sexton, D.J. Lunt, R.D. Pancost, M.P.S. Badger, D.N. Schmidt2015Plio-Pleistocene climate sensitivity evaluated using high-resolution CO2 recordsNature51849-5410.1038/nature14145https://www.nature.com/articles/nature14145 START YEAR: 3281000 cal yr BP * END YEAR: 2338000 cal yr BP -78.73 12.75 -78.73 12.75