Victoria Land Antarctica Ice Core 120 Year Lead Isotope and Barium Data Van de Velde, K.; Vallelonga, P.; Candelone, J.-P.; Rosman, K.J.R.; Gaspari, V.; Cozzi, G.; Barbante, C.; Udisti, R.; Cescon, P.; Boutron, C.F. Van de Velde, K. Vallelonga, P. Candelone, J.-P. Rosman, K.J.R. Gaspari, V. Cozzi, G. Barbante, C. Udisti, R. Cescon, P. Boutron, C.F. earth science/paleoclimate/ice cores (ice age,null,null,year Common Era,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/ice cores (206Pb/207Pb,bulk ice,null,dimensionless,null,ice cores,null,thermal ionization mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/ice cores (lead,bulk ice,null,picogram per gram,null,ice cores,null,thermal ionization mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/ice cores (208Pb/207Pb,bulk ice,null,dimensionless,null,ice cores,null,thermal ionization mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/ice cores (206Pb/204Pb,bulk ice,null,dimensionless,null,ice cores,null,thermal ionization mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/ice cores (barium,bulk ice,null,picogram per gram,null,ice cores,null,thermal ionization mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/ice cores (sample identification,null,null,null,null,ice cores,null,null,C,null) earth science/paleoclimate/ice cores (lead/barium,bulk ice,null,dimensionless,null,ice cores,null,thermal ionization mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/ice cores (206Pb/204Pb,bulk ice,95% confidence interval margin of error,dimensionless,null,ice cores,null,thermal ionization mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/ice cores (depth,null,null,meter,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/ice cores (206Pb/207Pb,bulk ice,95% confidence interval margin of error,dimensionless,null,ice cores,null,thermal ionization mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/ice cores (208Pb/207Pb,bulk ice,95% confidence interval margin of error,dimensionless,null,ice cores,null,thermal ionization mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/ice core (Styx Glacier>LATITUDE -73.8667>LONGITUDE 163.7) (Hercules Neve>LATITUDE -73.1>LONGITUDE 165.4667) Pb and Ba concentrations and Pb isotopic compositions are reported for firn core and snow pit samples from Victoria Land, Antarctica, dating from 1872 AD to 1994 AD. From variations in Pb/Ba ratios and Pb isotopic compositions, two periods of major Pb enhancements were identified, from 1891 to 1908 AD and from 1948 to 1994 AD. The earlier pollution event is attributed to Pb emissions from non-ferrous metal production and coal combustion in the Southern Hemisphere and is in excellent agreement with coincident pollution inputs reported in firn/ice cores from two other regions of Antarctica, at Coats Land and Law Dome. Using Pb isotopic systematics, it was calculated that ~50% of Pb deposited in Victoria Land in 1897 originated from anthropogenic emission sources. The more recent period of Pb enhancements, from 1948 to 1994 AD, corresponds to the introduction and widespread use of gasoline alkyl Pb additives in automobiles in the Southern Hemisphere, with anthropogenic Pb inputs averaging 60% of total Pb but with large uncertainty. Intra- and inter-annual variations in Pb concentrations and isotopic compositions were evaluated in snow pits samples corresponding to the period 1991-1994. Substantial variations in Pb/ Ba and 206Pb/207Pb ratios were detected but the absence of a regular seasonal pattern for these parameters suggests that the transport and deposition of aerosols to the Antarctic ice sheet are complex and vary from year to year. STUDY NOTES: Victoria Land, Antarctica ice core and snow pit Pb and Ba concentrations, and Pb isotope ratios, for the period 1872-1994. Concentrations are accurate to ±15% (95% confidence interval). Uncertainties in the isotope ratios are 95% confidence intervals. 1995 Styx Glacier firn/ice core: 73°52'S, 163°42'E, 1700 m asl, 116 m length, 1872-1978 CE Electromechanical drill, dry hole, Surface accumulation 160 [kg/m**2/yr] 1994 Hercules Neve snow pit: 73°06'S, 165°28'E, 2960 m asl, 3 m length, 1986-1994 CE Surface accumulation 170 [kg/m**2/yr] NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Van de Velde, K. Investigator : Vallelonga, P. Investigator : Candelone, J.-P. Investigator : Rosman, K.J.R. Investigator : Gaspari, V. Investigator : Cozzi, G. Investigator : Barbante, C. Investigator : Udisti, R. Investigator : Cescon, P. Investigator : Boutron, C.F. 2011-08-08 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/11922 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/victoria/victoria2005pb-ba.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/victoria/victoria2005pb-ba.xls https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/victoria/victoria2005pb-ba.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/victoria/victoria2005pb-ba.xls English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/11922 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/victoria/victoria2005pb-ba.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/victoria/victoria2005pb-ba.xls Van de Velde, K., P. Vallelonga, J.-P. Candelone, K.J.R. Rosman, V. Gaspari, G. Cozzi, C. Barbante, R. Udisti, P. Cescon, and C.F. Boutron. 2005. Pb isotope record over one century in snow from Victoria Land, Antarctica. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 232, Issues 1-2, 30 March 2005, pp. 95-108 doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2005.01.007 START YEAR: 1872 AD * END YEAR: 1994 AD 163.7 -73.8667 165.4667 -73.1