GISP2 Ice Core 110,000 Year Oxygen Isotope Data Grootes, P.M.; Stuiver, M. Grootes, P.M. Stuiver, M. earth science/paleoclimate/ice cores (depth at sample start,null,null,meter,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/ice cores (delta 18O,bulk ice,null,per mil SMOW,null,ice cores,averaged,null,N,summer to summer) earth science/paleoclimate/ice cores (delta 18O,bulk ice,null,per mil SMOW,null,ice cores,averaged,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/ice cores (ice age at sample start,null,null,calendar year before present,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/ice core (GISP2>LATITUDE 72.6>LONGITUDE -38.5) Measured 18O/16O ratios from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) ice core extending back to 16,500 cal yr B.P. provide a continuous record of climate change since the last glaciation. High-resolution annual 18O/16O results were obtained for most of the current millennium (A.D. 818-1985) and record the Medieval Warm Period, the Little Ice Age, and a distinct 11-yr 18O/16O cycle. Volcanic aerosols depress central Greenland annual temperature (-1.5C maximally) and annual 18O/16O for about 4 yr after each major eruptive event. On a bidecadal to millennial time scale, the contribution of solar variability to Holocene Greenlandic temperature change is -0.4C. The role of thermohaline circulation change on climate, problematic during the Holocene, is more distinct for the 16,500-10,000 cal yr B.P. interval. (Analogous to 14C age calibration terminology, we express time in calibrated (cal) yr B.P. (A.D. 1950 = 0 cal yr B.P.)). The Oldest Dryas/Bolling/Older Dryas/Allerod/Younger Dryas sequence appears in great detail. Bidecadal variance in 18O/16O, but not necessarily in temperature, is enhanced during the last phase of lateglacial time and the Younger Dryas interval, suggesting switches of air mass transport between jet stream branches. The branched system is nearly instantaneously replaced at the beginning of the Bolling and Holocene (at -14,670 and -11,650 cal yr B.P., respectively) by an atmospheric circulation system in which 18O/16O and annual accumulation initially track each other closely. Thermodynamic considerations of the accumulation rate-temperature relationship can be used to evaluate the 18 O/16O-temperature relationship. The GISP2 ice-layer-count years of major GISP2 climate transitions also support the use of coral 14C ages for age calibration. STUDY NOTES: GISP2 delta 18O, 2 meter data set to 110 KYrBP, and 1 year resolution data back to 1133 years B.P. NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Grootes, P.M. Investigator : Stuiver, M. 1997-11-30 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/17796 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/summit/gisp2/isotopes/gispd18o.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/summit/gisp2/isotopes/d18o1yr.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/summit/gisp2/isotopes/gispd18o.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/summit/gisp2/isotopes/d18o1yr.txt English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/17796 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/summit/gisp2/isotopes/gispd18o.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/summit/gisp2/isotopes/d18o1yr.txt P. M. Grootes, M. Stuiver1997Oxygen 18/16 variability in Greenland snow and ice with 10-3 to 10-5-year time resolutionJournal of Geophysical Research: Oceans102C1226455-2647010.1029/97JC00880http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/enhanced/doi/10.1029/97JC00880/ Minze Stuiver, Pieter M. Grootes, Thomas F. Braziunas1995The GISP2 d18O Climate Record of the Past 16,500 Years and the Role of the Sun, Ocean, and VolcanoesQuaternary Research443341-35410.1006/qres.1995.1079http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033589485710794 START YEAR: 110977 cal yr BP * END YEAR: -37 cal yr BP -38.5 72.6 -38.5 72.6