Shanxi Gonghai Lake, North China, Humid Medieval Warm Period Liu, J.B.; Chen, F.-H.; Chen, J.-H.; Xia, D.S.; Xu, Q.H.; Wang, Z.L.; Li, Y.C. Liu, J.B. Chen, F.-H. Chen, J.-H. Xia, D.S. Xu, Q.H. Wang, Z.L. Li, Y.C. Medieval Warm Period Monsoon drought hydrology precipitation earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology (age,null,null,year Common Era,null,paleolimnology,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology (S-ratio,sediment,null,percent,null,paleolimnology,null,null,N,measured using a reverse field of -300 mT) earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology (mass magnetic susceptibility,sediment,null,cubic meter per kilogram,null,paleolimnology,null,magnetic susceptibility measurement with single sample sensor,N,x10-8 units) earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology (Gonghai Lake>LATITUDE 38.9>LONGITUDE 112.233333) Variations in monsoon strength, moisture or precipitation in eastern China during the MWP reflected by different climatic records have shown apparent discrepancies. Here, detailed environmental magnetic investigations and mineralogical analyses were conducted on lacustrine sediments of Core GH09B1 (2.8 m long) from Gonghai Lake, Shanxi, North China, concerning the monsoon history during the MWP. The results demonstrate that the main magnetic mineral is magnetite. The sediments with relatively high magnetic mineral concentrations were characterized by relatively fine magnetic grain sizes, which were formed in a period of relatively strong pedogenesis and high precipitation. In contrast, the sediments with low magnetic mineral concentrations reflected an opposite process. The variations of magnetic parameters in Gonghai Lake sediments were mainly controlled by the degree of pedogenesis in the lake drainage basin, which further indicated the strength of the Asian summer monsoon. The variations in the χ and S-300 parameters of the core clearly reveal the Asian summer monsoon history over the last 1200 years in the study area, suggesting generally abundant precipitation and a strong summer monsoon during the Medieval Warm Period (MWP, AD 910–1220), which is supported by pollen evidence. Furthermore, this 3–6-year resolution environmental magnetic record indicates a dry event around AD 980–1050, interrupting the generally humid MWP. The summer monsoon evolution over the last millennium recorded by magnetic parameters in sediments from Gonghai Lake correlates well with historical documentation (North China) and speleothem oxygen isotopes (Wanxiang Cave), as well as precipitation modeling results (extratropical East Asia), which all indicate a generally humid MWP within which centennial-scale moisture variability existed. It is thus demonstrated that environmental magnetic parameters could be used as an effective proxy for monsoon climate variations in high-resolution lacustrine sediments. STUDY NOTES: Environmental magnetic record ( χ and S-300) of lacustrine sediments (core GH09B1) from Gonghai Lake, North China. All AMS 14C dates were generated from samples of terrestrial plant macrofossils. The AMS 14C samples were all first prepared with the standard pretreatment (alkali–acid–alkali) and then measured at the AMS Dating Laboratory of the Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, China. All dates were calibrated to calendar years using OXCAL4.1 software using the IntCal04 calibration data set. NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Liu, J.B. Investigator : Chen, F.-H. Investigator : Chen, J.-H. Investigator : Xia, D.S. Investigator : Xu, Q.H. Investigator : Wang, Z.L. Investigator : Li, Y.C. 2013-05-01 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/14490 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/asia/china/liu2011.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/asia/china/liu2011.txt English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/14490 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/asia/china/liu2011.txt J.B. Liu, F.H. Chen, J.H. Chen, D.S. Xia, Q.H. Xu, Z.L. Wang and Y.C. Li. 2011. Humid Medieval Warm Period recorded by magnetic characteristics of sediments from Gonghai Lake, Shanxi, North China. Chinese Science Bulletin, 56(23): 2464-2474. START YEAR: 842 AD * END YEAR: 2000 AD 112.233333 38.9 112.233333 38.9