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  <dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">Crawford Lake and Twiss Marl Pond 13,000 Year Stable Isotope Data</dc:title>
  <dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">Yu, Z.</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">Yu, Z.</dc:creator>
  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology (delta 18O,gastropod,null,per mil VPDB,null,paleolimnology,null,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,Valvata sincera)</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology (depth,null,null,centimeter,null,paleolimnology,null,null,N,null)</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology (delta 18O,carbonate,null,per mil VPDB,null,paleolimnology,null,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,charophyte encrustation)</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology (delta 13C,carbonate,null,per mil VPDB,null,paleolimnology,null,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,null)</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology (delta 13C,carbonate,null,per mil VPDB,null,paleolimnology,null,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,charophyte encrustation)</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology (age,null,null,radiocarbon year before present,null,paleolimnology,null,null,N,null)</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology (delta 13C,gastropod,null,per mil VPDB,null,paleolimnology,null,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,Valvata sincera)</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology (delta 18O,carbonate,null,per mil VPDB,null,paleolimnology,null,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,null)</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows"> (Crawford Lake&gt;LATITUDE 43.46667&gt;LONGITUDE -79.95)</dc:subject>
  <dc:description xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">Evidence from stable isotopes and a variety of proxies from two Ontario lakes demonstrate that many of the late glacial-to-early Holocene events that are well known from the North Atlantic seaboard, such as the Gerzensee-Killarney Oscillation (also known as the Intra-Allerød Cold Period), Younger Dryas, and Preboreal Oscillation, also occurred in central North America. These results thus imply that climatic forcing acted in the same manner in both regions and that atmospheric circulation played an important role in the propagation of these events. 
          STUDY NOTES: Stable isotope measurements on various authigenic carbonates from three cores 
(DC, SC, and BC) at Crawford Lake and one core from Twiss Marl Pond, southern Ontario, Canada.  Both sites are on top of the Niagara Escarpment, surrounded by dolomite bedrock cliffs and thin glacial deposits.</dc:description>
  <dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">NCDC-Paleoclimatology</dc:publisher>
  <dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce</dc:publisher>
  <dc:contributor xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">Investigator : Yu, Z.</dc:contributor>
  <dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">1999-02-01</dc:date>
  <dc:type xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">ONLINE Files</dc:type>
  <dc:format xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">online, ASCII</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/5467</dc:identifier>
  <dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/ontario/crawfordlake/twisspond_isotopes.txt</dc:identifier>
  <dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/ontario/twisspond/readme_yu1998.txt</dc:identifier>
  <dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/ontario/crawfordlake/crawfordlake_isotopes.txt</dc:identifier>
  <dc:source xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/ontario/crawfordlake/twisspond_isotopes.txt</dc:source>
  <dc:source xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/ontario/twisspond/readme_yu1998.txt</dc:source>
  <dc:source xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/ontario/crawfordlake/crawfordlake_isotopes.txt</dc:source>
  <dc:language xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">English</dc:language>
  <dc:relation xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/5467</dc:relation>
  <dc:relation xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/ontario/crawfordlake/twisspond_isotopes.txt</dc:relation>
  <dc:relation xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/ontario/twisspond/readme_yu1998.txt</dc:relation>
  <dc:relation xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/ontario/crawfordlake/crawfordlake_isotopes.txt</dc:relation>
  <dc:relation xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">Yu, Z.. 1998. Abrupt climate oscillations during the last deglaciation in central North America. Science Vol. 282, Issue no. 5397, pp. 2235-2238, 18 December 1998</dc:relation>
  <dc:coverage xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">START YEAR: 12660 cal yr BP  * END YEAR: -48 cal yr BP</dc:coverage>
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   <ows:LowerCorner>-79.95  43.46667</ows:LowerCorner>
   <ows:UpperCorner>-79.95  43.46667</ows:UpperCorner>
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