Western Norway Lake Kråkenes and Nordic sea Sediment data Bakke, J.; Lie, O.; Heegaard, E.; Dokken, T.; Haug, G.H.; Birks, H.H.; Dulski, P.; Nilsen, T. Bakke, J. Lie, O. Heegaard, E. Dokken, T. Haug, G.H. Birks, H.H. Dulski, P. Nilsen, T. Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction Younger Dryas abrupt climate change earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology (age,null,null,calendar year before present,null,paleolimnology,null,null,N,NGRIP chronology) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (age,null,null,calendar kiloyear before present,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (sea surface temperature,null,null,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,modern analogue technique,N,marine core MD99-2284) earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology (titanium,sediment,null,count per second,null,paleolimnology,null,energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology (Lake Kråkenes>LATITUDE 62.02>LONGITUDE 5) The Younger Dryas event, which began approximately 12,900 years ago, was a period of rapid cooling in the Northern Hemisphere, driven by large-scale reorganizations of patterns of atmospheric and oceanic circulation, Environmental changes during this period have been documented by both proxy-based reconstructions and model simulations, but there is currently no consensus on the exact mechanisms of onset, stabilization or termination of the Younger Dryas. Here we present high-resolution records from two sediment cores obtained from Lake Kråkenes in western Norway and the Nordic seas. Multiple proxies from Lake Kråkenes are indicative of rapid alternations between glacial growth and melting during the later Younger Dryas. Meanwhile, reconstructed sea surface temperature and salinity from the Nordic seas show an alternation between sea-ice cover and the influx of warm, salty North Atlantic waters. We suggest that the influx of warm water enabled the westerly wind systems to drift northward, closer to their present-day positions. The winds thus brought relatively warm maritime air to Northern Europe, resulting in rising temperatures and the melting of glaciers. Subsequent input of this fresh meltwater into the ocean spurred the formation of sea ice, which forced the westerly winds back to the south, cooling Northern Europe. We conclude that rapid alternations between these two states immediately preceded the termination of the Younger Dryas and the permanent transition to an interglacial state. NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Bakke, J. Investigator : Lie, O. Investigator : Heegaard, E. Investigator : Dokken, T. Investigator : Haug, G.H. Investigator : Birks, H.H. Investigator : Dulski, P. Investigator : Nilsen, T. 2010-10-06 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/9717 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/europe/norway/kraakenes2009.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/europe/norway/kraakenes2009.xls https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/europe/norway/kraakenes2009.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/europe/norway/kraakenes2009.xls English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/9717 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/europe/norway/kraakenes2009.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/europe/norway/kraakenes2009.xls Bakke, J., Lie, O., Heegaard, E, Dokken, T., Haug, G.H., Birks, H.H., Dulski, P., Nilsen, T., 2009. Rapid oceanic and atmospheric changes during the Younger Dryas cold period. Nature Geoscience 2 (3), 202-205 doi:10.1038/ngeo439 START YEAR: 13000 cal yr BP * END YEAR: 11600 cal yr BP 5 62.02 5 62.02