Global Ocean Model Data of Carbon and Nitrogen Cycles for Pre-industrial and Last Glacial Maximum Conditions Schmittner, A.; Somes, C.J. Schmittner, A. Somes, C.J. Last Glacial Maximum earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (phosphate,sea water,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,phosphate content) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (nitrate,sea water,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (diazotroph,sea water,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,mole N per cubic meter) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (dissolved organic nitrogen,sea water,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,DON15) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (phytoplankton,sea water,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,phytoplankton c13; mole N per cubic meter) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (meridional overturning streamfunction,null,null,cubic meter per second,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,minimum streamfunction) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (pH,sea surface,null,dimensionless,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (latitude,null,null,degree north,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (surface downward y stress,null,null,pascal,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,northward at sea ice base) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (sea water y velocity,null,null,meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,northward) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (mortality,null,null,mole per cubic meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,mol N m-3 s-1; mortality diazotrophs) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (denitrification,null,null,mole per cubic meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,mol N m-3 s-1; water column denitrification) earth science/paleoclimate/climate forcing|paleoclimatic modeling (carbon dioxide,null,null,kilogram per second,annual,climate forcing|paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,emissions) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (top-of-atmosphere outgoing longwave radiation,null,null,watt per square meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,TOA outgoing longwave) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (sea surface temperature,null,null,degree Celsius,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (dissolved inorganic carbon,sea surface,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (biomass burning,null,null,kilogram per second,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (primary productivity,null,null,kilogram per second,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,total net primary productivity) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (soil respiration,null,null,kilogram per second,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,for 14C) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (14C,sea surface,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (dissolved inorganic carbon,sea water,null,mole per square meter per second,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,dic flux) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (Delta 14C,sea water,null,per mil,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (dissolved organic nitrogen,sea water,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (calcite saturation state,sea surface,null,dimensionless,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate forcing|paleoclimatic modeling (carbon dioxide,sea surface,null,parts per million,annual,climate forcing|paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,pCO2) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (ice sheet area,null,null,fraction,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,land_ice_area_fraction) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (sedimentation rate,null,null,mole per square meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,mole nitrogen per square meter per second; detrital sediment rain rate) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (sea water x velocity,null,null,meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,eastward; Gent-McWilliams) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (mortality,null,null,mole per cubic meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,mol N m-3 s-1; phytoplankton mortality rate) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (denitrification,null,null,mole per cubic meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,mol N m-3 s-1; benthic denitrification) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (export,null,null,mole per cubic meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,mol C m-3 s-1; calcite export rate) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (specific humidity,null,null,dimensionless,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,at surface) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (Delta 14C,null,null,per mil,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (surface net downward shortwave radiation,null,null,watt per square meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,net surface downward shortwave absorbed) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (top-of-atmosphere net downward shortwave radiation,null,null,watt per square meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,net absorbed shortwave) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (planetary albedo,null,null,dimensionless,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (oxygen,sea surface,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (dissolved organic nitrogen,sea surface,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (dissolved organic carbon,sea surface,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,DOC13) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (soil carbon,null,null,kilogram,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (temperature tendency,null,null,degree Celsius per second,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,rate of change of ocean temperature) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (14C,sea water,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,14C content) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (phytoplankton,sea water,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,mole N per cubic meter) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (zooplankton,sea water,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,zooplankton n15; mole N per cubic meter) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (organic matter,sea water,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,detritus c13; mole N per cubic meter) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (virtual salt flux,null,null,kilogram per square meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (runoff,null,null,kilogram per square meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (surface pressure,null,null,pascal,null,paleoclimatic modeling,anomalized,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (ice sheet thickness,null,null,meter,null,paleoclimatic modeling,anomalized,null,N,ice sheet thickness anomaly) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (sea ice thickness,null,null,meter,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (surface downward x stress,null,null,pascal,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,eastward at sea ice base) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (calcite,null,null,mole per square meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,mole carbon per square meter per second; calcite production) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (sea water potential temperature,null,null,degree Celsius,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (upward sea water velocity,null,null,meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (delta 13C,null,null,per mil,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (snow volume,null,null,cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (soil respiration,null,null,kilogram per second,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (litter carbon,null,null,kilogram per second,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (vegetation carbon,null,null,kilogram,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (soil carbon,null,null,kilogram,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,for 13C) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (biomass burning,null,null,kilogram per second,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,for 13C) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (canopy height,null,null,meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (leaf area index,null,null,dimensionless,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (sea water temperature,null,null,degree Celsius,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (salinity,sea water,null,practical salinity unit,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (sea water temperature,null,variance,degree Celsius,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (salinity,sea water,variance,practical salinity unit,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (13C,sea water,null,mole per square meter per second,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,13C flux) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (oxygen,sea water,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,oxygen content) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (organic matter,sea water,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,detritus n15; mole N per cubic meter) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (diazotroph,sea water,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,diazotroph c13; mole N per cubic meter) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (meridional overturning streamfunction,null,null,cubic meter per second,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,maximum streamfunction) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (relative sea level,null,null,meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,relative sea level height) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (eastward wind speed,null,null,meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (sea ice cover,null,null,fraction,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (sea ice x velocity,null,null,meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,eastward) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (grazing,null,null,mole per cubic meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,mol N m-3 s-1; grazing rate on P) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (export,null,null,mole per cubic meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,mol N m-3 s-1; detrital export rate) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (insolation,null,null,watt per square meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (dissolved inorganic carbon,sea surface,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,dic13) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (soil temperature,null,null,degree Celsius,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (zooplankton,sea water,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,zooplankton c13; mole N per cubic meter) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (aragonite saturation state,sea surface,null,dimensionless,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (snowfall,null,null,kilogram per square meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (barotropic streamfunction,null,null,cubic meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (nitrogen fixation,null,null,mole per cubic meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,mol N m-3 s-1) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (remineralization,null,null,mole per cubic meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,mol N m-3 s-1) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (sea ice volume,null,null,cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (sea ice cover,null,null,square meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (surface net upward longwave radiation,null,null,watt per square meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (alkalinity,sea surface,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (dissolved organic nitrogen,sea surface,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,DON15) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (soil respiration,null,null,kilogram per second,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,for 13C) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (vegetation carbon,null,null,kilogram,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,for 14C) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (dissolved inorganic carbon,sea water,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,dic content) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (northward ocean heat transport,null,null,watt per square meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (alkalinity,sea water,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (organic matter,sea water,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,mole N per cubic meter) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (phytoplankton,sea water,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,phytoplankton n15; mole N per cubic meter) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (mortality,null,null,mole per cubic meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,mol N m-3 s-1; zooplankton mortality rate) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (salinity,sea surface,null,practical salinity unit,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (soil carbon,null,null,kilogram,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,for 14C) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (biomass burning,null,null,kilogram per second,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,for 14C) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (primary productivity,null,null,kilogram per second,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,for 14C total net primary productivity) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (dissolved inorganic carbon,sea water,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,dic13 content) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (nitrate,sea water,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,nitrate15) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (wind speed,null,null,meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,surface wind speed) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (ice temperature,null,null,degree Celsius,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,ice surface) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (sea water y velocity,null,null,meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,northward; Gent-McWilliams) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (upward sea water velocity,null,null,meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,Gent-McWilliams) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (grazing,null,null,mole per cubic meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,mol N m-3 s-1; grazing rate on Z) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (surface air temperature,null,null,degree Celsius,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (evaporation,null,null,kilogram per square meter per second,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate forcing|paleoclimatic modeling (carbon dioxide,null,null,parts per million,annual,climate forcing|paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,concentration) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (sensible heat flux,null,null,watt per square meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,surface upward sensible heat) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (phosphate,sea surface,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (primary productivity,null,null,kilogram per second,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,total gross primary productivity) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (northward ocean salt transport,null,null,kilogram per square meter per second,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (14C,sea water,null,mole per square meter per second,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,14C flux) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (oxygen,sea water,null,mole per square meter per second,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,oxygen flux) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (zooplankton,sea water,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,mole N per cubic meter) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (diazotroph,sea water,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,diazotroph n15; mole N per cubic meter) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (dissolved organic carbon,sea water,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,DOC13) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (carbonate ion,sea surface,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (longitude,null,null,degree east,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (streamflow,null,null,kilogram per square meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,river_discharge_flux) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (northward wind speed,null,null,meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (soil moisture,null,null,kilogram per square meter,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (snow depth,null,null,meter,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (sea ice y velocity,null,null,meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,northward) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (sea water x velocity,null,null,meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,eastward) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (grazing,null,null,mole per cubic meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,mol N m-3 s-1; grazing rate on detritus) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (excretion,null,null,mole per cubic meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,mol N m-3 s-1) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (grazing,null,null,mole per cubic meter per second,null,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,mol N m-3 s-1; grazing rate on diazotrophs) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (precipitation,null,null,kilogram per square meter per second,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (top-of-atmosphere net downward radiation,null,null,watt per square meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,net TOA radiation) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (nitrate,sea surface,null,mole per cubic meter,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (vegetation carbon,null,null,kilogram,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,for 13C) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoclimatic modeling (primary productivity,null,null,kilogram per second,annual,paleoclimatic modeling,null,null,N,for 13C total net primary productivity) earth science/paleoclimate/model (Global>LATITUDE >LONGITUDE ) A three-dimensional, process-based model of the ocean’s carbon and nitrogen cycles, including 13C and 15N isotopes, is used to explore effects of idealized changes in the soft tissue biological pump. Results are presented from one pre-industrial control run (piCtrl) and six simulations of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) with increasing values of the spatially constant maximum phytoplankton growth rate μmax, which accelerates biological nutrient utilization mimicking iron fertilization. The default LGM simulation, without increasing μmax and with a shallower and weaker Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and increased sea ice cover, leads to 280 Pg more respired organic carbon (Corg) storage in the deep ocean with respect to piCtrl. Dissolved oxygen concentrations in the colder glacial thermocline increase, which reduces water-column denitrification and, with delay, nitrogen fixation, thus increasing the ocean’s fixed nitrogen inventory and decreasing δ15NNO3 almost everywhere. This simulation already fits sediment reconstructions of carbon and nitrogen isotopes relatively well, but it overestimates deep ocean δ13CDIC and underestimates δ15NNO3 at high latitudes. Increasing μmax further enhances Corg and lowers deep ocean δ13CDIC, improving the agreement with sediment data. In the model’s Antarctic and North Pacific oceans modest increases in μmax result in higher δ15NNO3 due to enhanced local nutrient utilization, improving the agreement with reconstructions there. Models with moderately increased μmax fit both isotope data best, whereas large increases in nutrient utilization are inconsistent with nitrogen isotopes although they still fit the carbon isotopes reasonably well. The best fitting models reproduce major features of the glacial δ13CDIC, δ15NNO3, and oxygen reconstructions, while simulating increased Corg by 510-670 Pg compared with the pre-industrial ocean. These results are consistent with the idea that the soft-tissue pump was more efficient during the LGM. Both circulation and biological nutrient utilization are viable mechanisms. However, these conclusions are preliminary given our idealized experiments, which do not consider changes in benthic denitrification and spatially inhomogenous changes in aeolian iron fluxes. The analysis illustrates interactions between the carbon and nitrogen cycles as well as the complementary constraints provided by their isotopes. Whereas carbon isotopes are sensitive to circulation changes and indicate well the three-dimensional Corg distribution, nitrogen isotopes are more sensitive to biological nutrient utilization. STUDY NOTES: Model code, output, scripts used for analysis and plotting and an updated sediment dataset of nitrogen isotope data This dataset includes three directories: model/ includes data for the six LGM runs and the Pre-industrial Control run as well as the source code and well as input and output data for the model analysis/ includes ferret scripts used for analysis and to produce the figures sediment_data/ includes the updated nitrogen isotope dataset NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Schmittner, A. Investigator : Somes, C.J. 2016-03-03 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/19842 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/gcmoutput/schmittner2016/schmittner2016.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/gcmoutput/schmittner2016/ https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/gcmoutput/schmittner2016/schmittner2016.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/gcmoutput/schmittner2016/ English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/19842 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/gcmoutput/schmittner2016/schmittner2016.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/gcmoutput/schmittner2016/ Schmittner, A., and C.J. Somes2016Complementary Constraints from Carbon (13C) and Nitrogen (15N) Isotopes on the Glacial Ocean’s Soft-Tissue Biological PumpPaleoceanography3110.1002/2015PA002905 -180 -90 180 90