Gulf of Aden DSDP231 Plio-Pleistocene Tephra Shard Counts and Geochemistry Feakins, S.J.; Brown, F.H.; deMenocal, P.B. Feakins, S.J. Brown, F.H. deMenocal, P.B. earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (notes,null,null,null,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,mode) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (silicon dioxide,volcanic material,null,weight percent,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (titanium dioxide,volcanic material,null,weight percent,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (iron oxide,volcanic material,null,weight percent,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,Fe2O3) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (sodium oxide,volcanic material,null,weight percent,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (chlorine,volcanic material,null,weight percent,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (depth,null,null,meter,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (volcanic material,sediment,null,count per square centimeter,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,tephra) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (volcanic material,sediment,null,count,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,tephra) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (notes,null,null,null,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,cumulative total of constituents) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (sample identification,null,null,null,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (calcium oxide,volcanic material,null,weight percent,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (barium oxide,volcanic material,null,weight percent,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (potassium oxide,volcanic material,null,weight percent,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (iron,volcanic material,null,weight percent,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (age,null,null,calendar year before present,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (aluminum oxide,volcanic material,null,weight percent,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (oxygen,volcanic material,null,weight percent,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (notes,null,null,null,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,DSDP Leg) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (zirconium dioxide,volcanic material,null,weight percent,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (manganese oxide,volcanic material,null,weight percent,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (magnesium oxide,volcanic material,null,weight percent,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (notes,null,null,null,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,sum of elements) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (notes,null,null,null,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,DSDP Core) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (notes,null,null,null,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,comments) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (notes,null,null,null,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,DSDP Site) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (mineral matter,volcanic material,null,weight percent,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (water content,volcanic material,null,weight percent,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (notes,null,null,null,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,DSDP Section) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (depth,null,null,meter,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,mbsf) earth science/paleoclimate/paleocean (DSDP 231>LATITUDE 11.89>LONGITUDE 48.25) We reconstruct a Plio-Pleistocene microscopic tephrostratigraphy for DSDP Site 231 in the Gulf of Aden. Systematic microtephrostratigraphy increases the potential for identifying tephra horizons for regional stratigraphic correlation and age control, as well as providing information about eruptive histories. Microtephra reveal three main pulses of volcanism c. 4.0-3.2 Ma, 2.4 Ma and 1.7-1.3 Ma, corresponding to peaks in volcanic activity recorded in the East African Rift System. Previous studies of DSDP Site 231 have reported six visible tephra horizons (up to 25 cm thick) with geochemical compositions matching East African tuffs. We find 68 additional microtephra horizons through microscopic examination of 1050 samples (each integrating c. 3 ka) in over 200 m of marine sediments. We report the major and minor element geochemical compositions of individual glass shards in six of these microtephra horizons and establish a robust correlation at 168.73 m to the Lokochot Tuff (3.58 Ma), which together with previously identified tephra, provides a tightly constrained chronostratigraphy for the mid Pliocene. NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Feakins, S.J. Investigator : Brown, F.H. Investigator : deMenocal, P.B. 2013-02-11 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/13828 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/feakins2007/feakins2007shardchem.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/feakins2007/feakins2007shardcount.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/feakins2007/feakins2007shardchem.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/feakins2007/feakins2007shardcount.txt English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/13828 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/feakins2007/feakins2007shardchem.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/feakins2007/feakins2007shardcount.txt Sarah J. Feakins, Francis H. Brown, Peter B. deMenocal. 2007. Plio-Pleistocene microtephra in DSDP site 231, Gulf of Aden. Journal of African Earth Sciences, Vol. 48, Issue 5, pp. 341-352. DOI: 10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2007.05.004 START YEAR: 4858000 cal yr BP * END YEAR: 60000 cal yr BP 48.25 11.89 48.25 11.89