Eastern Tropical Pacific 1,000 Year Foraminferal d18O and Mg/Ca SST Rustic, G.T.; Koutavas, A.; Marchitto, T.M.; Linsley, B.K. Rustic, G.T. Koutavas, A. Marchitto, T.M. Linsley, B.K. Little Ice Age (LIA) Medieval Warm Period earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (depth,null,null,centimeter,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,middle of sample) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (age at sample end,null,null,year Common Era,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (delta 18O,Globigerinoides ruber,one standard error,per mil VPDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,one standard error of the variance) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (sea surface temperature,magnesium/calcium,null,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,from G. ruber) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (delta 13C,Globigerinoides ruber,null,per mil VPDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (notes,null,null,null,null,paleoceanography,null,null,C,Foraminifer species morphotype) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (sea surface temperature,magnesium/calcium,unspecified margin of error,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,west-east gradient error (cumulative)) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (delta 18O,Globigerinoides ruber,one standard error,per mil VPDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (delta 18O,Globigerinoides ruber,variance,per mil VPDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (age,null,null,year Common Era,null,paleoceanography,null,null,C,range of sample) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (notes,null,null,null,null,paleoceanography,null,null,C,Foraminifer species) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (sample identification,null,null,null,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (notes,null,null,null,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,Interval ID) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (sea surface temperature,magnesium/calcium,null,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,west-east gradient) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (age at sample start,null,null,year Common Era,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (age,null,null,year Common Era,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,middle of sample) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (delta 18O,Globigerinoides ruber,null,per mil VPDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (depth at sample start,null,null,centimeter,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (magnesium/calcium,Globigerinoides ruber,null,millimole per mole,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (delta 18O,Globigerinoides ruber,one standard deviation,per mil VPDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (delta 13C,Globigerinoides ruber,one standard error,per mil VPDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (sea surface temperature,magnesium/calcium,one standard deviation,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,from G. ruber) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (depth at sample end,null,null,centimeter,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleocean earth science/paleoclimate/paleocean earth science/paleoclimate/paleocean (KNR195-5 MC42C>LATITUDE -1.253>LONGITUDE -89.6855) Tropical Pacific Ocean dynamics during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and the Little Ice Age (LIA) are poorly characterized due to a lack of evidence from the eastern equatorial Pacific. We reconstructed sea surface temperature, El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) activity, and the tropical Pacific zonal gradient for the past millennium from Galápagos ocean sediments. We document a mid-millennium shift (MMS) in ocean-atmosphere circulation around 1500-1650 CE, from a state with dampened ENSO and strong zonal gradient to one with amplified ENSO and weak gradient. The MMS coincided with the deepest LIA cooling and was probably caused by a southward shift of the intertropical convergence zone. The peak of the MCA (900-1150 CE) was a warm period in the eastern Pacific, contradicting the paradigm of a persistent La Niña pattern. STUDY NOTES: Oxygen isotopes and Mg/Ca data from planktonic foraminifera, plus sea-surface temperature estimates, from an eastern tropical Pacific sediment core, covering the past 1,000 years. NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Rustic, G.T. Investigator : Koutavas, A. Investigator : Marchitto, T.M. Investigator : Linsley, B.K. 2016-03-09 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/19874 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/rustic2015/rustic2015.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/rustic2015/rustic2015d18o.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/rustic2015/rustic2015.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/rustic2015/rustic2015d18o.txt English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/19874 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/rustic2015/rustic2015.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/rustic2015/rustic2015d18o.txt Gerald T. Rustic, Athanasios Koutavas, Thomas M. Marchitto, Braddock K. Linsley 2015Dynamical excitation of the tropical Pacific Ocean and ENSO variability by Little Ice Age coolingScience35062671537-154110.1126/science.aac9937 START YEAR: 862 AD * END YEAR: 2009 AD -89.6855 -1.253 -89.6855 -1.253