Line Islands Mg/Ca and sea surface temperature reconstruction in the early and mid-Holocene White, S.M.; Ravelo, A.C.; Polissar, P.J. White, S.M. Ravelo, A.C. Polissar, P.J. Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction earth science/paleoclimate/paleocean earth science/paleoclimate/paleocean earth science/paleoclimate/paleocean (MGL1208-14MC, 12GC>LATITUDE 0>LONGITUDE -156) (Western Equatorial Pacific>LATITUDE >LONGITUDE ) (Eastern Equatorial Pacific at 90W>LATITUDE >LONGITUDE ) (Eastern Equatorial Pacific 8x6 box at 87W>LATITUDE >LONGITUDE ) El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) dominates interannual climate variability, thus understanding its response to climate forcing is critical. ENSO's sensitivity to changing insolation is poorly understood, due to contrasting interpretations of Holocene proxy records. Some records show dampened ENSO during the early to mid-Holocene, consistent with insolation forcing of ENSO amplitude, but other records emphasize decadal-centennial fluctuations in ENSO strength, with no clear trend. To clarify Holocene ENSO behavior, we collected proxy data spanning the last ~12 kyr, and find relatively low El Niño amplitude during the early to mid-Holocene. Our data, together with published work, indicate both a long-term trend in ENSO strength due to June insolation forcing and high-amplitude decadal-centennial fluctuations; both behaviors are shown in models. The best-supported mechanism for insolation-driven dampening of ENSO is weakening of the upwelling feedback by insolation-forced warming/deepening of thermocline source waters. Elucidating the thermocline's role will help predict future ENSO change. STUDY NOTES: Trace metal data are from individual foraminifera. Provided Keywords: ENSO, paleoclimate, foraminifera, tropical Pacific, insolation UPDATE: Eastern and Western Equatorial Pacific collections of SST Data added to study on 14-MAR-2019. NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : White, S.M. Investigator : Ravelo, A.C. Investigator : Polissar, P.J. 2017-12-30 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/23730 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/white2017/white2018-EEP-SSTalke-RecordsUsed_Metadata.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/white2017/white2018-WEP-SST-RecordsUsed_Metadata.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/white2017/white2018-EEP-SSTmgca-synthesis.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/white2017/white2018-EEP-SSTmgca-RecordsUsed_Metadata.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/white2017/white2018-WEP-SST-synthesis.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/white2017/white2017.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/white2017/white2018-EEP-SSTalke-synthesis.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/white2017/white2018-EEP-SSTalke-RecordsUsed_Metadata.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/white2017/white2018-WEP-SST-RecordsUsed_Metadata.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/white2017/white2018-EEP-SSTmgca-synthesis.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/white2017/white2018-EEP-SSTmgca-RecordsUsed_Metadata.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/white2017/white2018-WEP-SST-synthesis.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/white2017/white2017.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/white2017/white2018-EEP-SSTalke-synthesis.txt English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/23730 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/white2017/white2018-EEP-SSTalke-RecordsUsed_Metadata.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/white2017/white2018-WEP-SST-RecordsUsed_Metadata.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/white2017/white2018-EEP-SSTmgca-synthesis.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/white2017/white2018-EEP-SSTmgca-RecordsUsed_Metadata.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/white2017/white2018-WEP-SST-synthesis.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/white2017/white2017.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/white2017/white2018-EEP-SSTalke-synthesis.txt White, Sarah M., Ravelo, A. Christina, and Polissar, Pratigya J.2018Dampened El Niño in the early and mid-Holocene due to insolation-forced warming/deepening of the thermoclineGeophysical Research Letters44316-32610.1002/2017GL075433 START YEAR: 15000 cal yr BP * END YEAR: 0 cal yr BP -156 -13.08 172.35 14.82