California Current Splitnose Rockfish Otolith Growth Data Black, B.A.; Schroeder, I.D.; Sydeman, W.J.; Bograd, S.J.; Wells, B.K.; Schwing, F.B. Black, B.A. Schroeder, I.D. Sydeman, W.J. Bograd, S.J. Wells, B.K. Schwing, F.B. ENSO earth science/paleoclimate/others (California Current>LATITUDE >LONGITUDE ) Analysis of monthly coastal upwelling intensities revealed two seasonal and biologically relevant upwelling 'modes' in the California Current Ecosystem (CCE). The first mode reflected upwelling during the summer months and was characterized by low-frequency (multidecadal) processes, including significant (P<0.01) linear trends at some latitudes. In contrast, the second mode reflected wintertime upwelling and was defined by higher-frequency variability associated with the North Pacific High and El Niño Southern Oscillation events. These modes were compared with multidecadal time series of splitnose rockfish (Sebastes diploproa) otolith growth, yelloweye rockfish (S. ruberrimus) otolith growth, Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) scale growth, and indices of Cassin's auklet (Ptychoramphus aleuticus) and common murre (Uria aalge) reproduction in the central-northern CCE. In redundancy and correlation analyses, salmon growth and Cassin's auklet fledgling success associated with the summer upwelling mode while all other time series associated with the winter upwelling mode, indicating that CCE biology was differentially sensitive to these seasonal upwelling patterns. Thus, upwelling occurred in unrelated seasonal modes with contrasting trends, atmospheric forcing mechanisms, and impacts on the biology of the CCE, underscoring the importance of seasonality when evaluating ecosystem response to climate variability and change. STUDY NOTES: Growth increment data from Splitnose Rockfish otoliths collected in the California Current System, eastern North Pacific. Otoliths were collected from splitnose rockfish (Sebastes diploproa) captured between approximately 36ºN 122ºW and 39ºN 125ºW in the California Current Ecosystem. Fish were collected as part of NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service rockfish surveys and recreational and commercial fishery landings between 1980 and 2008. Splitnose rockfish adults are largely planktivorous (krill and also copepods, sergestid shrimps, and amphipods) and are most common between 215 to 350 m depth on the continental shelf and upper slope, and can live to be at least 85 years in age. Otoliths were embedded in resin, mounted on a lapidary saw, and thin-sectioned through the dorsal-ventral axis to 0.4 mm in thickness. These thin sections were polished with 2000-grit sandpaper and 10-um lapping film to reveal the annual increments. All samples were visually crossdated to ensure that all annual growth increments were assigned the correct calendar year of formation. After visual crossdating, the dorsal half of the otolith was then photographed and the annual increment widths measured continuously from the margin to as close to the focus as possible using the program ImagePro Plus v. 6.0. Crossdating was statistically verified with the Dendrochronology Program Library program COFECHA using 22-year 50% frequency cutoff splines (rather than the default 32-year splines). To generate the master chronology, each otolith measurement time series was fit with a negative exponential function or linear regression with negative or 0 slope and divided by the values predicted, thereby removing age-related growth declines and standardizing each time series to a mean of one. These detrended time series were averaged with respect to calendar year. All chronology development was conducted using the program ARSTAN, available at: http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/res/fac/trl/public/publicSoftware.html 70 otoliths were used to develop the splitnose rockfish master chronology. The "standard" chronology from ARSTAN is reported. All growth-increment widths are in mm. Measurement type: annual growth-increment width (in mm) 1st detrending method: Negative exponential or linear regression with negative or 0 slope Collection purpose: Ecology; effects of climate variability on rockfish growth Samples are stored at the Oregon State University Hatfield Marine Science Center, Newport, OR 97365. COFECHA output: series intercorrelation = 0.580; mean sensitivity = 0.152 NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Black, B.A. Investigator : Schroeder, I.D. Investigator : Sydeman, W.J. Investigator : Bograd, S.J. Investigator : Wells, B.K. Investigator : Schwing, F.B. 2011-07-27 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/11917 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleocean/sclerochronology/east_pacific/splitnose2011otolith.xls https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleocean/sclerochronology/east_pacific/splitnose2011otolith.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleocean/sclerochronology/east_pacific/splitnose2011otolith.xls https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleocean/sclerochronology/east_pacific/splitnose2011otolith.txt English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/11917 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleocean/sclerochronology/east_pacific/splitnose2011otolith.xls https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleocean/sclerochronology/east_pacific/splitnose2011otolith.txt Black, B.A., I.D. Schroeder, W.J. Sydeman, S.J. Bograd, B.K. Wells, and F.B. Schwing. 2011. Winter and summer upwelling modes and their biological importance in the California Current Ecosystem. Global Change Biology, Vol. 17, Issue 8, pp. 2536-2545, August 2011. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02422.x START YEAR: 1923 AD * END YEAR: 2007 AD -125 36 -122 39