Gulf Stream 2000 Year SST, d18Osw, and SSS Reconstructions Saenger, C.P.; Came, R.E.; Oppo, D.W.; Keigwin, L.D.; Cohen, A.L. Saenger, C.P. Came, R.E. Oppo, D.W. Keigwin, L.D. Cohen, A.L. Little Ice Age (LIA) Medieval Warm Period Other Hydroclimate Reconstruction Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (sea surface temperature,magnesium/calcium,null,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,Anand et al. 2003 calibration) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (sea surface temperature,magnesium/calcium,one standard error upper bound,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,Anand et al. 2003 calibration) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (salinity,sea surface,one standard error,practical salinity unit,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,from Arbuszewski et al. 2010) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (salinity,sea surface,one standard error upper bound,practical salinity unit,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,from Arbuszewski et al. 2010) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (sea surface temperature,magnesium/calcium,one standard error,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,Anand et al. 2003 calibration) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (delta 18O,delta 18O|magnesium/calcium|sea water,null,per mil PDB,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (delta 18O,delta 18O|magnesium/calcium|sea water,one standard error upper bound,per mil PDB,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (salinity,sea surface,null,practical salinity unit,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,from Arbuszewski et al. 2010) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (salinity,sea surface,one standard error lower bound,practical salinity unit,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,from Arbuszewski et al. 2010) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (magnesium/calcium,Globigerinoides ruber,null,mole per mole,null,paleoceanography,raw,inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (magnesium/calcium,Globigerinoides ruber,one standard error upper bound,mole per mole,null,paleoceanography,raw,inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (delta 18O,Globigerinoides ruber,one standard error upper bound,per mil PDB,null,paleoceanography,raw,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (magnesium/calcium,Globigerinoides ruber,one standard error,mole per mole,null,paleoceanography,raw,inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (delta 18O,Globigerinoides ruber,one standard error,per mil PDB,null,paleoceanography,raw,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (age,null,null,year Common Era,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (delta 18O,delta 18O|magnesium/calcium|sea water,one standard error,per mil PDB,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (sea surface temperature,magnesium/calcium,one standard error lower bound,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,Anand et al. 2003 calibration) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (delta 18O,delta 18O|magnesium/calcium|sea water,one standard error lower bound,per mil PDB,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (delta 18O,Globigerinoides ruber,null,per mil PDB,null,paleoceanography,raw,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (magnesium/calcium,Globigerinoides ruber,one standard error lower bound,mole per mole,null,paleoceanography,raw,inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/paleoceanography (delta 18O,Globigerinoides ruber,one standard error lower bound,per mil PDB,null,paleoceanography,raw,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/reconstructions earth science/paleoclimate/reconstructions (KNR140-2-59GGC>LATITUDE 32.977>LONGITUDE -76.316) (CH07-98-MC22>LATITUDE 32.784>LONGITUDE -76.276) Western subtropical North Atlantic oceanic and atmospheric circulations connect tropical and subpolar climates. Variations in these circulations can generate regional climate anomalies that are not reflected in Northern Hemisphere averages. Assessing the significance of anthropogenic climate change at regional scales requires proxy records that allow recent trends to be interpreted in the context of long-term regional variability. We present reconstructions of Gulf Stream sea surface temperature (SST) and hydrographic variability during the past two millennia based on the magnesium/calcium ratio and oxygen isotopic composition of planktic foraminifera preserved in two western subtropical North Atlantic sediment cores. Reconstructed SST suggests low-frequency variability of ~1°C during an interval that includes the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and the Little Ice Age (LIA). A warm interval near 1250 A.D. is distinct from regional and hemispheric temperature, possibly reflecting regional variations in ocean-atmosphere heat flux associated with changes in atmospheric circulation (e.g., the North Atlantic Oscillation) or the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Seawater d18O, which is marked by a fresher MCA and a more saline LIA, covaries with meridional migrations of the Atlantic Intertropical Convergence Zone. The northward advection of tropical salinity anomalies by mean surface currents provides a plausible mechanism linking Carolina Slope and tropical Atlantic hydrology. STUDY NOTES: Binned Mg/Ca and d18O based temperature, d18Ow and salinity estimates from Saenger et al., 2011, figures 6 and 10. NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Saenger, C.P. Investigator : Came, R.E. Investigator : Oppo, D.W. Investigator : Keigwin, L.D. Investigator : Cohen, A.L. 2011-07-06 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/11816 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/saenger2011/saenger2011.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/saenger2011/saenger2011.xls https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/saenger2011/saenger2011.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/saenger2011/saenger2011.xls English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/11816 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/saenger2011/saenger2011.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/saenger2011/saenger2011.xls Saenger, C., R.E. Came, D.W. Oppo, L.D. Keigwin, and A.L. Cohen. 2011. Regional climate variability in the western subtropical North Atlantic during the past two millennia. Paleoceanography, 26, PA2206, doi:10.1029/2010PA002038. START YEAR: 250 AD * END YEAR: 1850 AD -76.316 32.784 -76.276 32.977