Greenland 800 Year Temperature Anomalies Kobashi, T.; Shindell, D.; Kodera, K.; Box, J.E.; Nakaegawa, T.; Kawamura, K. Kobashi, T. Shindell, D. Kodera, K. Box, J.E. Nakaegawa, T. Kawamura, K. Air Temperature Reconstruction Arctic Arctic Oscillation (AO) North Atlantic Oscillation earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions (temperature,multiple proxies,null,standard deviation unit,null,climate reconstructions,normalized|smoothed,null,N,Greenland Temperature Anomaly 51 Year Running Mean using Mann et al. (2009) NH) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions (temperature,multiple proxies,unspecified error lower bound,standard deviation unit,null,climate reconstructions,normalized,null,N,Greenland Temperature Anomaly using Moberg et al. (2005) NH) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions (temperature,multiple proxies,null,standard deviation unit,null,climate reconstructions,normalized,null,N,Greenland Temperature Anomaly Plus using Moberg et al. (2005) NH) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions (temperature,multiple proxies,null,standard deviation unit,null,climate reconstructions,normalized,null,N,Greenland Temperature Anomaly using Mann et al. (2009) NH) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions (temperature,multiple proxies,unspecified error upper bound,standard deviation unit,null,climate reconstructions,normalized,null,N,Greenland Temperature Anomaly using Mann et al. (2009) NH) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions (temperature,multiple proxies,null,standard deviation unit,null,climate reconstructions,normalized,null,N,Greenland Temperature Anomaly using Moberg et al. (2005) NH) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions (temperature,multiple proxies,unspecified error upper bound,standard deviation unit,null,climate reconstructions,normalized,null,N,Greenland Temperature Anomaly using Moberg et al. (2005) NH) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions (temperature,multiple proxies,null,standard deviation unit,null,climate reconstructions,normalized,null,N,Greenland Temperature Anomaly Plus using Mann et al. (2009) NH) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions (age,null,null,year Common Era,null,climate reconstructions,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions (temperature,multiple proxies,unspecified error lower bound,standard deviation unit,null,climate reconstructions,normalized,null,N,Greenland Temperature Anomaly using Mann et al. (2009) NH) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions (temperature,multiple proxies,null,standard deviation unit,null,climate reconstructions,normalized|smoothed,null,N,Greenland Temperature Anomaly using Moberg et al. (2005) NH) earth science/paleoclimate/reconstructions (Greenland>LATITUDE >LONGITUDE ) The surface temperature of the Greenland ice sheet is among the most important climate variables for assessing how climate change may impact human societies due to its association with sea level rise. However, the causes of multidecadal-to-centennial temperature changes in Greenland temperatures are not well understood, largely owing to short observational records. To examine these, we calculated the Greenland temperature anomalies (GTA[G-NH]) over the past 800 yr by subtracting the standardized northern hemispheric (NH) temperature from the standardized Greenland temperature. This decomposes the Greenland temperature variation into background climate (NH); polar amplification; and regional variability (GTA[G-NH]). The central Greenland polar amplification factor as expressed by the variance ratio Greenland/NH is 2.6 over the past 161 yr, and 3.3-4.2 over the past 800 yr. The GTA[G-NH] explains 31-35% of the variation of Greenland temperature in the multidecadal-to-centennial time scale over the past 800 yr. We found that the GTA[G-NH] has been influenced by solar-induced changes in atmospheric circulation patterns such as those produced by the North Atlantic Oscillation/Arctic Oscillation (NAO/AO). Climate modeling and proxy temperature records indicate that the anomaly is also likely linked to solar-paced changes in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) and associated changes in northward oceanic heat transport. STUDY NOTES: Standardized 800 Year Greenland Temperature and Greenland Temperature Plus Anomalies (GTA and GTP). Greenland temperature variation was decomposed into three factors: background climate (NH); polar amplification factor (the ratio of the standard deviations for Greenland and NH temperatures); and regional variability (GTA[G-NH]). For the NH temperature, two proxy-based reconstructions by Moberg et al. (2005) and Mann et al. (2009) were used. For Greenland temperature, we used a recently developed record of the temperature at Summit that was reconstructed from air trapped in the GISP2 ice core (Kobashi et al., 2010). Greenland temperatures are found to deviate from North Hemispheric temperature trend by solar variability, and may relate with the North Atlantic Oscillation Index. We calculated a second principal component of the two time series, "GTP[G-NH]" (Greenland temperature plus = standardized Greenland temperature + standardized NH temperature). GTP[G-NH] can be used to investigate inphase climate signals in the two time series. NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Kobashi, T. Investigator : Shindell, D. Investigator : Kodera, K. Investigator : Box, J.E. Investigator : Nakaegawa, T. Investigator : Kawamura, K. 2013-11-18 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/15534 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/kobashi2013a/kobashi2013gta.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/kobashi2013a/kobashi2013gta.txt English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/15534 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/kobashi2013a/kobashi2013gta.txt T. Kobashi, D.T. Shindell, K. Kodera, J.E. Box, T. Nakaegawa, and K. Kawamura2013On the origin of multidecadal to centennial Greenland temperature anomalies over the past 800 yrClimate of the Past92583-59610.5194/cp-9-583-2013 START YEAR: 1200 AD * END YEAR: 2010 AD -60 60 -20 82