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  <dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">Minden Bog, Michigan 3500 Year Testate Amoebae Water Table Depth</dc:title>
  <dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">Booth, R.K.; Jackson, S.T.</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">Booth, R.K.</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">Jackson, S.T.</dc:creator>
  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">Other Hydroclimate Reconstruction</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">hydrology</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology (identified testate amoeba,null,null,percent,null,paleolimnology,raw,null,N,Arcella artocrea)</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology (identified testate amoeba,null,null,percent,null,paleolimnology,raw,null,N,Arcella vulgaris)</dc:subject>
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  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology (identified testate amoeba,null,null,percent,null,paleolimnology,raw,null,N,Hyalosphenia elegans)</dc:subject>
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  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology (identified testate amoeba,null,null,percent,null,paleolimnology,raw,null,N,Heleopera sylvatica)</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleolimnology (depth at sample end,null,null,centimeter,null,climate reconstructions|paleolimnology,null,null,N,depth at top of sample)</dc:subject>
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  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleolimnology (water table depth,testate amoebae assemblage,null,centimeter,null,climate reconstructions|paleolimnology,null,null,N,null)</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology (transmittance,peat,null,percent,null,paleolimnology,null,spectrophotometry,N,null)</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology (identified testate amoeba,null,null,percent,null,paleolimnology,raw,null,N,Arcella discoides)</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology (identified testate amoeba,null,null,percent,null,paleolimnology,raw,null,N,Assulina muscorum)</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology (identified testate amoeba,null,null,percent,null,paleolimnology,raw,null,N,Bulinularia indica)</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology (identified testate amoeba,null,null,percent,null,paleolimnology,raw,null,N,Centropyxis aculeata)</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">earth science/paleoclimate/paleolimnology (identified testate amoeba,null,null,percent,null,paleolimnology,raw,null,N,Trigonopyxis arcula)</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">earth science/paleoclimate/reconstructions</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows"> (Minden Bog&gt;LATITUDE 43.6119&gt;LONGITUDE -82.8361)</dc:subject>
  <dc:description xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">We reconstructed the late-Holocene surface-moisture history and vegetation dynamics of a raised bog in Michigan using testate amoebae, peat humification, pollen, stomata and plant macrofossils. Our primary objective was to compare bog palaeohydrology with the water-level history of Lake Michigan, and to regional and local vegetation changes. Hydrologic histories inferred from testate amoebae and humification show similar trends, and correspond with records of past water-level variability in Lake Michigan. The bog clearly shows effective-moisture increases during the Algoma highstand (~3200-2300 cal. BP) and a later unnamed highstand (~1900-1300 cal. BP). Some higher-frequency fluctuations are also similar. The good correspondence indicates that bog hydrology and the water levels of Lake Michigan have been driven by changes in large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns for at least the past 3500 years. Climate during the Algoma highstand may have been spatiotemporally complex, with increasing moisture occurring several hundred years earlier in the northern portion of the western Great Lakes basin. Locally, the expansion and contraction of Picea populations on the bog surface was probably directly related to moisture conditions. The well-documented decline in Fagus populations in the central Great Lakes region after 1000 cal. BP is contemporaneous with a major shift towards drier conditions, suggesting that relative dryness caused the decline.  
          STUDY NOTES: Testate amoebae data from Minden Bog, Michigan, and reconstruction
of water table depth at the bog.  Minden Bog is a raised bog located in lower Michigan, USA.</dc:description>
  <dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">NCDC-Paleoclimatology</dc:publisher>
  <dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce</dc:publisher>
  <dc:contributor xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">Investigator : Booth, R.K.</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">Investigator : Jackson, S.T.</dc:contributor>
  <dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">2003-10-01</dc:date>
  <dc:type xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">ONLINE Files</dc:type>
  <dc:format xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">online, ASCII</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/16462</dc:identifier>
  <dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/northamerica/usa/michigan/mindenbog_2003.txt</dc:identifier>
  <dc:source xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/northamerica/usa/michigan/mindenbog_2003.txt</dc:source>
  <dc:language xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">English</dc:language>
  <dc:relation xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/16462</dc:relation>
  <dc:relation xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/northamerica/usa/michigan/mindenbog_2003.txt</dc:relation>
  <dc:relation xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">Robert K. Booth and Stephen T. Jackson
2003A high-resolution record of late-Holocene moisture variability from a Michigan raised bog, USAThe Holocene136863-87610.1191/0959683603hl669rp http://hol.sagepub.com/content/13/6/863.abstract</dc:relation>
  <dc:coverage xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows">START YEAR: 3429 cal yr BP  * END YEAR: -50 cal yr BP</dc:coverage>
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   <ows:LowerCorner>-82.8361  43.6119</ows:LowerCorner>
   <ows:UpperCorner>-82.8361  43.6119</ows:UpperCorner>
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