Lake Mina, Minnesota 900yr Pollen-inferred Temperature and Moisture St. Jacques, J.-M.; Cumming, B.F.; Smol, J.P. St. Jacques, J.-M. Cumming, B.F. Smol, J.P. Air Temperature Reconstruction Other Hydroclimate Reconstruction hydrology earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|pollen (surface temperature,null,null,degree Celsius,Feb,climate reconstructions|pollen,smoothed,null,N,lowess0.1) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|pollen (age,null,null,year Common Era,null,climate reconstructions|pollen,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|pollen (precipitation minus evapotranspiration,null,null,centimeter,annual,climate reconstructions|pollen,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|pollen (surface temperature,null,null,degree Celsius,Feb,climate reconstructions|pollen,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|pollen (surface temperature,null,null,degree Celsius,May,climate reconstructions|pollen,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|pollen (surface temperature,null,null,degree Celsius,May,climate reconstructions|pollen,smoothed,null,N,lowess0.1) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|pollen (precipitation minus evapotranspiration,null,null,centimeter,annual,climate reconstructions|pollen,smoothed,null,N,lowess0.1) earth science/paleoclimate/reconstructions earth science/paleoclimate/reconstructions (Lake Mina>LATITUDE 45.89>LONGITUDE -95.478) Drought is endemic to the North American Great Plains, causing severe economic consequences. However, instrumental climate data only exist from ca AD 1890, and limited tree-ring, paleolimnological, archeological and eolian records document the last two millennia. To address this lack of monitoring and paleoclimatic data, the pollen preserved in the varved sediments of Lake Mina, Minnesota, on the northeastern border of the Great Plains, were analyzed. May and February mean monthly temperatures and "annual precipitation minus potential evapotranspiration" were reconstructed at a 4-year resolution using a pre-settlement pollen-climate calibration set. The period of the so-called Little Ice Age (LIA) (AD 1500-1870) was colder than the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) (AD 1100-1500) in west-central Minnesota. Winter temperatures in the LIA declined more than summer ones. The pollen record suggests that the LIA occurred in three phases: an initial cold phase from AD 1505 to AD 1575, a warmer phase, and then a very cold phase from AD 1625 to AD 1775. There were severe droughts detected in the Lake Mina record from AD 1660 to AD 1710 and AD 1300 to AD 1400, suggesting that high-resolution pollen records can detect events previously defined from the tree-ring records. This latter century-scale drought is concurrent with the widely reported "AD 1250-1400 mega-drought", which exceeds the severity of 20th century droughts. STUDY NOTES: Pollen data and inferred temperature and moisture balance reconstructions from Lake Mina, Minnesota, USA. The analyzed and published portion of the core spans AD 1116-2002. Most of it was sampled at a 4-year resolution, the very top (1952-2002) is at ~2-year resolution. Comparison to Platt Bradbury's Elk Lake varve-dated core is excellent: The 1300s megadrought at Lake Mina is at AD 1304-1396, the Elk Lake megadrought is at AD 1284-1409, using different proxies. The reconstruction is not reliable after 1876 AD, due to human disturbance. The winter and summer temperature pollen reconstructions were validated using early military fort instrumental climate data for 1820-1876. Varve chronology corroborated by exotic pollen introductions and a bottom radiocarbon date. NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : St. Jacques, J.-M. Investigator : Cumming, B.F. Investigator : Smol, J.P. 2014-06-23 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/16761 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pollen/recons/northamerica/usa/minnesota/mina2008recons.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pollen/recons/northamerica/usa/minnesota/mina2008counts.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pollen/recons/northamerica/usa/minnesota/mina2008.xlsx https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pollen/recons/northamerica/usa/minnesota/mina2008int-pct.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pollen/recons/northamerica/usa/minnesota/mina2008recons.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pollen/recons/northamerica/usa/minnesota/mina2008counts.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pollen/recons/northamerica/usa/minnesota/mina2008.xlsx https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pollen/recons/northamerica/usa/minnesota/mina2008int-pct.txt English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/16761 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pollen/recons/northamerica/usa/minnesota/mina2008recons.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pollen/recons/northamerica/usa/minnesota/mina2008counts.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pollen/recons/northamerica/usa/minnesota/mina2008.xlsx https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pollen/recons/northamerica/usa/minnesota/mina2008int-pct.txt Jeannine-Marie St. Jacques, Brian F. Cumming, John P. Smol2008A 900-year pollen-inferred temperature and effective moisture record from varved Lake Mina, west-central Minnesota, USAQuaternary Science Reviews277-8781-79610.1016/j.quascirev.2008.01.005http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379108000036 Jeannine-Marie St. Jacques, Brian F. Cumming, John P. Smol2008A statistical method for varve verification using seasonal pollen depositionJournal of Paleolimnology402733-74410.1007/s10933-008-9196-4http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10933-008-9196-4 Jeannine-Marie St. Jacques, Brian F. Cumming, John P. Smol2008A pre-European settlement pollen-climate calibration set for Minnesota, USA: developing tools for palaeoclimatic reconstructionsJournal of Biogeography352306-32410.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01785.xhttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01785.x/abstract Jeannine-Marie St. Jacques, Brian F. Cumming, John P. Smol2009A 900-yr diatom and chrysophyte record of spring mixing and summer stratification from varved Lake Mina, west-central Minnesota, USAThe Holocene194537-54710.1177/0959683609104030 http://hol.sagepub.com/content/19/4/537.abstract St. Jacques, J.M., B.F. Cumming, D.J. Sauchyn and J.P. Smol2015The bias and signal attenuation present in conventional pollen-based climate reconstructions as assessed by early climate data from MinnesotaPLoS ONE START YEAR: 1120 AD * END YEAR: 1900 AD -95.478 45.89 -95.478 45.89