Northern Hemisphere Extratropics 1400 Year MXD Summer Temperature Reconstruction Schneider, L.; Smerdon, J.E.; Büntgen, U.; Wilson, R.J.S.; Myglan, V.S.; Kirdyanov, A.; Esper, J. Schneider, L. Smerdon, J.E. Büntgen, U. Wilson, R.J.S. Myglan, V.S. Kirdyanov, A. Esper, J. Air Temperature Reconstruction earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|tree ring (age,null,null,year Common Era,null,climate reconstructions|tree ring,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,null,N,MXD-chronology Alaska) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,null,N,MXD-chronology Mangazeja) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,null,N,MXD-chronology Torneträsk) earth science/paleoclimate/instrumental (surface temperature,null,null,degree Celsius,Jun-Aug,instrumental,anomalized,null,N,CRUTEM4vadj) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,null,N,MXD-chronology Pyrenees) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,null,N,MXD-chronology Zhaschiviersk) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,null,N,MXD-chronology Nscan) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,null,N,MXD-chronology Tyrol) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|tree ring (surface temperature,ring density,95% confidence interval upper bound,degree Celsius,Jun-Aug,climate reconstructions|tree ring,anomalized,composite plus scale,N,based on latewood density; 1961-1990 AD reference period) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,null,N,MXD-chronology Athabasca) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,null,N,MXD-chronology Lauenen) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|tree ring (surface temperature,ring density,null,degree Celsius,Jun-Aug,climate reconstructions|tree ring,anomalized,composite plus scale,N,based on latewood density; 1961-1990 AD reference period) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,null,N,MXD-chronology Lötschental) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,null,N,MXD-chronology Polarural) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (age,null,null,year Common Era,null,tree ring,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,null,N,MXD-chronology Altai) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,null,N,MXD-chronology Camphill) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,null,N,MXD-chronology Jämtland) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|tree ring (surface temperature,ring density,95% confidence interval lower bound,degree Celsius,Jun-Aug,climate reconstructions|tree ring,anomalized,composite plus scale,N,based on latewood density; 1961-1990 AD reference period) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,null,N,MXD-chronology Quebec) earth science/paleoclimate/reconstructions (Northern Hemisphere Extratropics>LATITUDE >LONGITUDE ) Annually resolved and millennium-long reconstructions of large-scale temperature variability are primarily composed of tree ring width (TRW) chronologies. Changes in ring width, however, have recently been shown to bias the ratio between low- and high-frequency signals. To overcome limitations in capturing the full spectrum of past temperature variability, we present a network of 15 maximum latewood density (MXD) chronologies distributed across the Northern Hemisphere extratropics. Independent subsets of continental-scale records consistently reveal high MXD before 1580 and after 1910, with below average values between these periods. Reconstructed extratropical summer temperatures reflect not only these long-term trends but also distinct cooling pulses after large volcanic eruptions. In contrast to TRW-dominated reconstructions, this MXD-based record indicates a delayed onset of the Little Ice Age by almost two centuries. The reduced memory inherent in MXD is likely responsible for the rapid recovery from volcanic-induced cooling in the fourteenth century and the continuation of warmer temperatures until ~1600. STUDY NOTES: Annually resolved summer temperature reconstruction for the northern hemisphere midlatitudes. The 15 proxy records are maximum-latewood-density chronologies with a minimum length of 600 years and a significant local summer temperature signal. The proxy composite is scaled against June-August temperatures from the CRUTEM4v network (30-90N). NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Schneider, L. Investigator : Smerdon, J.E. Investigator : Büntgen, U. Investigator : Wilson, R.J.S. Investigator : Myglan, V.S. Investigator : Kirdyanov, A. Investigator : Esper, J. 2015-06-12 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/18875 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/schneider2015temp.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/schneider2015mxd.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/schneider2015temp.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/schneider2015mxd.txt English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/18875 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/schneider2015temp.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/schneider2015mxd.txt Lea Schneider, Jason E. Smerdon, Ulf Buntgen, Rob J.S. Wilson, Vladimir S. Myglan, Alexander V. Kirdyanov, and Jan Esper 2015Revising midlatitude summer temperatures back to A.D.600 based on a wood density networkGeophysical Research Letters10.1002/2015GL063956http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1002/2015GL063956/full START YEAR: 600 AD * END YEAR: 2002 AD -180 30 180 90