SE Greenland Shelf 2900 Year Diatom SST and Sea Ice Reconstructions Miettinen, A.; Divine, D.V.; Husum, K.; Koç, N.; Jennings, A.E. Miettinen, A. Divine, D.V. Husum, K. Koç, N. Jennings, A.E. Sea Ice Reconstruction Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (sea surface temperature,diatom assemblage,null,degree Celsius,Aug,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,regression analysis,N,partial least squares regression) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (age,null,null,year Common Era,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|paleoceanography (sea ice cover,diatom assemblage,null,percent,Apr,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,regression analysis,N,partial least squares regression) earth science/paleoclimate/reconstructions earth science/paleoclimate/reconstructions (Kangerlussuaq Trough >LATITUDE 67.136333>LONGITUDE -30.827833) Diatom inferred 2900-year-long records of August sea surface temperature (aSST) and April sea-ice concentration (aSIC) are generated from a marine sediment core from the SE Greenland shelf with a special focus on the interval ca. 870–1910 Common Era (CE) reconstructed in subdecadal temporal resolution.The Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) between 1000 and 1200 CE represents the warmest ocean surface conditions of the SE Greenland shelf over the late Holocene (880 BCE–1910 CE). It was characterized by abrupt, decadal to multidecadal changes, such as an abrupt warming of ~2.4°C in 55 years around 1000 CE. Temperature changes of these magnitudes are rare on the North Atlantic proxy data. Compared to regional air temperature reconstructions, our results indicate a lag of about 50 years in ocean surface warming either due to increased freshwater discharge from the Greenland ice sheet or intensified sea-ice export from the Arctic as a response to atmospheric warming at the beginning of the MCA. A cool phase, from 1200–1890 CE, associated with the Little Ice Age (LIA), ends with the rapid warming of aSST and diminished aSIC in the early 20th century.The results show that the periods of warm aSST and aSIC minima are coupled with the solar minima suggesting that solar forcing possibly amplified by atmospheric forcing have been behind the variability of surface conditions on the SE Greenland over the last millennium. The results indicate that the SE Greenland shelf is a climatologically sensitive area where extremely rapid changes are possible and highlights the importance of the area under the present warming conditions. STUDY NOTES: A 2900-year-long diatom inferred August sea surface temperature reconstruction, at a temporal resolution of 3-8 years for 870-1910 CE and a at resolution of 40 years for 880 BCE-870 CE, from marine sediment core MD99-2322 from the SE Greenland shelf. An improved training set consisting of 184 surface sediment samples with 52 diatom species from the North Atlantic, the Labrador Sea, the Nordic Seas and Baffin Bay was utilized to convert downcore diatom counts to quantitative August SST using the weighted averaging partial least squares (WA-PLS) transfer function method. The 2900-year-long diatom inferred reconstruction of April sea ice concentrations was also generated from marine sediment core MD99-2322. The reconstruction has a temporal resolution of 3-8 years for 870-1910 CE and a resolution of 40 years for 880 BCE-870 CE. The calibration set comprising 89 surface sediment samples from the northern North Atlantic, the Nordic Seas, Baffin Bay and northwestern Labrador Sea was created for a reconstruction method. For calibration we used modern satellite-based sea-ice concentrations from the sampling locations and the weighted averaging partial least squares (WA-PLS) transfer function method. Provided Keywords: sea surface temperature, sea ice, abrupt climate change, SE Greenland shelf, Medieval Climate Anomaly, Little Ice Age, last millennium NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Miettinen, A. Investigator : Divine, D.V. Investigator : Husum, K. Investigator : Koç, N. Investigator : Jennings, A.E. 2016-01-15 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/19682 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/miettinen2015/miettinen2015-sst.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/miettinen2015/miettinen2015-ice.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/miettinen2015/miettinen2015-sst.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/miettinen2015/miettinen2015-ice.txt English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/19682 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/miettinen2015/miettinen2015-sst.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/miettinen2015/miettinen2015-ice.txt Miettinen, A., D. Divine D., K. Husum, N. Koç, and A. Jennings2015Exceptional ocean surface conditions on the SE Greenland shelf during the Medieval Climate AnomalyPaleoceanography301657-167410.1002/2015PA002849 START YEAR: -876 AD * END YEAR: 1910 AD -30.827833 67.136333 -30.827833 67.136333