Campbell Island, New Zealand 140 Year Temperature Reconstruction Turney, C.S.M.; Fogwill, C.; Palmer, J.G.; van Sebille, E.; Thomas, Z.A.; McGlone, M.S.; Richardson, S.; Wilmshurst, J.M.; Fenwick, P.; Zunz, V.; Goosse, H.; Wilson, K.-J.; Carter, L.; Lipson, M.; Jones, R.T.; Harsch, M.; Clarke, G.H.; Marzinelli, E.; Rogers, T.; Rainsley, E.; Ciasto, L.; Waterman, S.; Thomas, E.R.; Visbeck, M. Turney, C.S.M. Fogwill, C. Palmer, J.G. van Sebille, E. Thomas, Z.A. McGlone, M.S. Richardson, S. Wilmshurst, J.M. Fenwick, P. Zunz, V. Goosse, H. Wilson, K.-J. Carter, L. Lipson, M. Jones, R.T. Harsch, M. Clarke, G.H. Marzinelli, E. Rogers, T. Rainsley, E. Ciasto, L. Waterman, S. Thomas, E.R. Visbeck, M. Air Temperature Reconstruction earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|tree ring (age,null,null,year Common Era,null,climate reconstructions|tree ring,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|tree ring (surface temperature,null,null,degree Celsius,Oct-Mar,climate reconstructions|tree ring,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|tree ring (surface temperature,null,95% confidence interval lower bound,degree Celsius,Oct-Mar,climate reconstructions|tree ring,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|tree ring (surface temperature,null,95% confidence interval upper bound,degree Celsius,Oct-Mar,climate reconstructions|tree ring,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/reconstructions (Campbell Island>LATITUDE -52.566>LONGITUDE 169.15) Occupying about 14% of the world's surface, the Southern Ocean plays a fundamental role in ocean and atmosphere circulation, carbon cycling and Antarctic ice-sheet dynamics. Unfortunately, high interannual variability and a dearth of instrumental observations before the 1950s limits our understanding of how marine-atmosphere-ice domains interact on multi-decadal timescales and the impact of anthropogenic forcing. Here we integrate climate-sensitive tree growth with ocean and atmospheric observations on southwest Pacific subantarctic islands that lie at the boundary of polar and subtropical climates (52-54S). Our annually resolved temperature reconstruction captures regional change since the 1870s and demonstrates a significant increase in variability from the 1940s, a phenomenon predating the observational record. Climate reanalysis and modelling show a parallel change in tropical Pacific sea surface temperatures that generate an atmospheric Rossby wave train which propagates across a large part of the Southern Hemisphere during the austral spring and summer. Our results suggest that modern observed high interannual variability was established across the mid-twentieth century, and that the influence of contemporary equatorial Pacific temperatures may now be a permanent feature across the mid- to high latitudes. STUDY NOTES: Summer (October-March) growing season temperature reconstruction from Campbell Island, New Zealand for the past 140 years. Reconstruction is based on a Dracophyllum tree-ring chronology, archived in the International Tree-Ring Data Bank (NEWZ117). NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Turney, C.S.M. Investigator : Fogwill, C. Investigator : Palmer, J.G. Investigator : van Sebille, E. Investigator : Thomas, Z.A. Investigator : McGlone, M.S. Investigator : Richardson, S. Investigator : Wilmshurst, J.M. Investigator : Fenwick, P. Investigator : Zunz, V. Investigator : Goosse, H. Investigator : Wilson, K.-J. Investigator : Carter, L. Investigator : Lipson, M. Investigator : Jones, R.T. Investigator : Harsch, M. Investigator : Clarke, G.H. Investigator : Marzinelli, E. Investigator : Rogers, T. Investigator : Rainsley, E. Investigator : Ciasto, L. Investigator : Waterman, S. Investigator : Thomas, E.R. Investigator : Visbeck, M. 2017-03-10 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/21590 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/newzealand/campbell2017temp.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/newzealand/campbell2017temp.txt English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/21590 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/newzealand/campbell2017temp.txt Chris S.M. Turney, Christopher J. Fogwill, Jonathan G. Palmer, Erik van Sebille, Zoe Thomas, Matt McGlone, Sarah Richardson, Janet M. Wilmshurst, Pavla Fenwick, Violette Zunz, Hugues Goosse, Kerry-Jayne Wilson, Lionel Carter, Mathew Lipson, Richard T. Jones, Melanie Harsch, Graeme Clark, Ezequiel Marzinelli, Tracey Rogers, Eleanor Rainsley, Laura Ciasto, Stephanie Waterman, Elizabeth R. Thomas, and Martin Visbeck 2017Tropical forcing of increased Southern Ocean climate variability revealed by a 140-year subantarctic temperate reconstructionClimate of the Past13231-24810.5194/cp-13-231-2017http://www.clim-past.net/13/231/2017/ START YEAR: 1871 AD * END YEAR: 2012 AD 169.15 -52.566 169.15 -52.566