Mann et al 1999 N.Hemisphere Temperature Reconstruction, Past Millennium Mann, M.E.; Bradley, R.S.; Hughes, M.K. Mann, M.E. Bradley, R.S. Hughes, M.K. Air Temperature Reconstruction earth science/paleoclimate/instrumental (temperature,null,null,degree Celsius,annual,instrumental,anomalized,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions (temperature,multiple proxies,two standard deviations,degree Celsius,annual,climate reconstructions,anomalized,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|instrumental (age,null,null,year Common Era,null,climate reconstructions|instrumental,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions (temperature,multiple proxies,null,degree Celsius,annual,climate reconstructions,anomalized,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions (age,null,null,year Common Era,null,climate reconstructions,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions (temperature,multiple proxies,one standard deviation,degree Celsius,annual,climate reconstructions,anomalized,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/reconstructions (Northern Hemisphere>LATITUDE >LONGITUDE ) Records of past temperature, precipitation, and other climate variables derived from paleoclimate proxies. Parameter keywords describe what was measured in this data set. Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the data set citations. STUDY NOTES: Building on recent studies, we attempt hemispheric temperature reconstructions with proxy data networks for the past millennium. We focus not just on the reconstructions, but the uncertainties therein, and important caveats. Though expanded uncertainties prevent decisive conclusions for the period prior to AD 1400, our results suggest that the latter 20th century is anomalous in the context of at least the past millennium. The 1990s was the warmest decade, and 1998 the warmest year, at moderately high levels of confidence. The 20th century warming counters a millennial-scale cooling trend which is consistent with long-term astronomical forcing. Michael E. Mann, Raymond S. Bradley, and Malcolm K. Hughes, 1999, Northern Hemisphere Temperatures During the Past Millennium: Inferences, Uncertainties, and Limitations, Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 26 , No. 6 , p. 759, March 15, 1999. NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Mann, M.E. Investigator : Bradley, R.S. Investigator : Hughes, M.K. 1999-03-17 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/6276 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/mann1999/ https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/mann1999/recons/nhem-raw.dat https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/mann1999/readme_mann1999.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/mann1999/ https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/mann1999/recons/nhem-raw.dat https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/mann1999/readme_mann1999.txt English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/6276 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/mann1999/ https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/mann1999/recons/nhem-raw.dat https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/mann1999/readme_mann1999.txt START YEAR: 1000 AD * END YEAR: 1998 AD -180 0 180 90