Esper et al. 2007 Morocco PDSI Reconstruction Esper, J.; Frank, D.C.; Büntgen, U.; Verstege, A.; Luterbacher, J.; Xoplaki, E. Esper, J. Frank, D.C. Büntgen, U. Verstege, A. Luterbacher, J. Xoplaki, E. Palmer Drought Index Reconstruction hydrology earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|tree ring (age,null,null,year Common Era,null,climate reconstructions|tree ring,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|tree ring (Palmer Drought Severity Index,ring width,null,dimensionless,null,climate reconstructions|tree ring,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/climate reconstructions|tree ring (Palmer Drought Severity Index,ring width,null,dimensionless,null,climate reconstructions|tree ring,null,null,N,self-calibrating PDSI) earth science/paleoclimate/reconstructions (Atlas Mountains IS>LATITUDE 33.4>LONGITUDE -5.1667) Cedrus atlantica ring width data are used to reconstruct long-term changes in the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) over the past 953 years in Morocco, NW Africa. The reconstruction captures the dry conditions since the 1980s well and places this extreme period within a millennium-long context. PDSI values were above average for most of the 1450-1980 period, which let recent drought appear exceptional. However, our results also indicate that this pluvial episode of the past millennium was preceded by generally drier conditions back to 1049. Comparison of PDSI estimates with large-scale pressure field reconstructions revealed steady synoptic patterns for drought conditions over the past 350 years. The long-term changes from initially dry to pluvial to recent dry conditions are similar to PDSI trends reported from N America, and we suggest that they are related to long-term temperature changes, potentially teleconnected with ENSO variability and forced by solar irradiance changes. NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Esper, J. Investigator : Frank, D.C. Investigator : Büntgen, U. Investigator : Verstege, A. Investigator : Luterbacher, J. Investigator : Xoplaki, E. 2007-12-01 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/8712 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/africa/morocco-pdsi2007.xls https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/africa/wassenburg2013pdsi.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/africa/morocco-pdsi2007.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/africa/morocco-pdsi2007.xls https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/africa/wassenburg2013pdsi.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/africa/morocco-pdsi2007.txt English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/8712 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/africa/morocco-pdsi2007.xls https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/africa/wassenburg2013pdsi.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/africa/morocco-pdsi2007.txt Jan Esper, David Frank, Ulf Büntgen, Anne Verstege, Jürg Luterbacher, and Elena Xoplaki2007Long-term drought severity variations in MoroccoGeophysical Research Letters34L1770210.1029/2007GL030844http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2007GL030844/abstract START YEAR: 1049 AD * END YEAR: 2001 AD -5.1667 33.4 -5.1667 33.4